Abun bututu maras sumul: Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi ana yin shi da ƙarfe ingot ko ƙwaƙƙwaran bututu ta hanyar huɗa cikin bututu mai ƙaƙƙarfan bututu, sannan birgima mai zafi, birgima ko sanyi. Gabaɗaya kayan an yi su da ƙarfe mai inganci kamar 10,20, 30, 35,45, Ƙarfe mai ƙarancin ƙarfi kamar16Mn, 5MnV ko gami karfe kamar 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, 45Mn2, 40MnB ta zafi mirgina ko sanyi mirgina. Ana amfani da bututu marasa ƙarfi da ƙananan ƙarfe kamar 10 da 20 don bututun isar da ruwa.
Yawancin lokaci, tsarin samar da bututun ƙarfe maras nauyi ya kasu kashi biyu: tsarin zane mai sanyi da tsarin juyawa mai zafi. Mai zuwa shine bayyani kan tsarin tafiyar da bututun ƙarfe maras sanyi da aka zana da bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi:
Cold-jawo (sanyi-birgima) tsarin bututu maras kyau: shirye-shiryen billet da dubawa -lalacewa, jiki da sinadarai, duba benci) → ajiya
Bututun bututun ƙarfe maras sumul mai sanyi dole ne a fara yin birgima mai jujjuyawa sau uku, kuma dole ne a yi gwaje-gwaje masu girma bayan extrusion. Idan ba a sami fashewar amsa a saman ba, dole ne a yanke bututun zagaye ta na'ura mai yankan a yanka a cikin billet mai tsayin kusan mita ɗaya. Sa'an nan shigar da annealing tsari. Annealing dole ne a tsince da ruwa acidic. A lokacin pickling, kula da ko akwai babban adadin kumfa a saman. Idan akwai adadi mai yawa na kumfa, yana nufin cewa ingancin bututun ƙarfe bai dace da ka'idodin daidai ba.
Hot-birgima (extruded) tsarin bututu maras kyau: zagaye tube billet → dumama → perforation → juzu'i mai jujjuyawa mai jujjuyawa, ci gaba da jujjuyawa ko fitarwa (ko gano aibi) → alama → ajiya
Mirgina mai zafi, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, yana da babban zafin jiki don guntun birgima, don haka juriya na nakasar ƙanƙara ce kuma ana iya samun babban adadin nakasar. Yanayin isarwa na bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi mai zafi gabaɗaya ana jujjuya zafi da zafi kafin bayarwa. Ana duba ƙaƙƙarfan bututu kuma an cire lahani na sama, a yanka a cikin tsayin da ake buƙata, a tsakiya a kan ƙarshen fuskar ƙarshen bututun, sannan a aika zuwa tanderun dumama don dumama da huɗa a kan perforator. Yayin da ake huɗawa, yana juyawa kuma yana ci gaba da ci gaba. Ƙarƙashin aikin rollers da kai, wani rami a hankali yana samuwa a cikin bututu, wanda ake kira tube mai laushi. Bayan an cire bututun, ana aika shi zuwa na'urar jujjuyawar bututu ta atomatik don ƙarin jujjuyawa, sannan an daidaita kauri na bango ta injin daidaitawa, kuma diamita ta ƙayyade na'ura mai ƙima don saduwa da ƙayyadaddun buƙatun. Bayan zafi mirgina jiyya, a perforation gwajin ya kamata a yi. Idan diamita na perforation ya yi girma sosai, sai a gyara shi a gyara shi, sannan a yi masa lakabi da sanya shi cikin ajiya.
Kwatanta tsarin zane mai sanyi da tsarin birgima mai zafi: Tsarin mirgina sanyi ya fi rikitarwa fiye da tsarin jujjuyawar zafi, amma ingancin saman, kamanni, daidaiton girman faranti na ƙarfe mai sanyi sun fi na faranti mai zafi, kuma kauri samfurin na iya zama bakin ciki.
Girman: A waje diamita na zafi-birgima sumul bututu ne kullum fi 32mm, da bango kauri ne 2.5-200mm. A waje diamita na sanyi-birgima sumul karfe bututu iya zama har zuwa 6mm, bango kauri iya zama har zuwa 0.25mm, da m diamita na bakin ciki-banga bututu iya zama har zuwa 5mm, da bango kauri ne kasa da 0.25mm ( ko da ƙasa da 0.2mm), kuma daidaiton girman mirgina sanyi ya fi na mirgina mai zafi.
Bayyanar: Ko da yake kaurin bangon bututun ƙarfe mai sanyin birgima gabaɗaya ya fi na bututun ƙarfe mai zafi mai birgima, fuskar ta fi haske fiye da bututun ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri, fuskar ba ta da ƙarfi sosai, kuma diamita ba shi da burrs da yawa.
Matsayin bayarwa: Ana isar da bututun ƙarfe mai zafi a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi ko yanayin zafi, kuma ana isar da bututun ƙarfe mai sanyi a yanayin zafi.