Uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwicyuma gikubiyemo ahanini ibyiciro 5 bikurikira:

1, kuzimya + ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (bizwi kandi kuzimya no gutuza)

Umuyoboro w'icyuma ushyutswe n'ubushyuhe bwo kuzimya, ku buryo imiterere y'imbere y'umuyoboro w'icyuma ihinduka austenite, hanyuma igakonja vuba kurusha umuvuduko ukabije wo kuzimya, ku buryo imiterere y'imbere y'umuyoboro w'icyuma ihinduka martensite, hanyuma ushushe hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, amaherezo, imiterere yicyuma gihinduka muburyo bumwe bwa sopranite itunganijwe.Iyi nzira ntishobora gusa kongera imbaraga nubukomezi bwumuyoboro wibyuma, ariko kandi irashobora guhuza imbaraga, plastike nubukomezi bwicyuma.

2, mubisanzwe (bizwi kandi nkibisanzwe)

Nyuma yo gushyushya umuyoboro wibyuma kugirango ubushyuhe busanzwe, imiterere yimbere yumuyoboro wibyuma ihinduka rwose muburyo bwa austenite, hanyuma uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe bukonjeshwa numwuka nkuburyo bwo hagati.Nyuma isanzwe, hashobora kuboneka ibyuma bitandukanye, nka pearlite .

Ubusanzwe + kurakara

Umuyoboro wicyuma ushyutswe nubushyuhe busanzwe, kuburyo imiterere yimbere yigitereko cyicyuma ihinduka rwose muburyo bwa austenite, hanyuma igakonjeshwa mukirere, hanyuma igashyuha. Imiterere yumuyoboro wibyuma irangwa na ferrite + pearlite, cyangwa ferrite + bainite, cyangwa tembure bainite, cyangwa temps martensite, cyangwa tempens sortensite.Ibikorwa birashobora guhagarika imiterere yimbere yumuyoboro wibyuma no kunoza plastike nubukomere.

4

Nuburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe aho umuyoboro wibyuma ushyutswe nubushyuhe bwa annealing hanyuma ukabikwa mugihe runaka, hanyuma ugakonja kugeza ku bushyuhe runaka hamwe nitanura.Gabanya ubukana bwumuyoboro wibyuma, kunoza plastike, kugirango byorohereze ibizakurikiraho Gutunganya cyangwa gukonjesha gutunganya; Gutunganya ingano, kuvanaho inenge za microstructure, imiterere yimbere yimbere hamwe nibigize, kunoza imikorere yumuyoboro wibyuma cyangwa kwitegura inzira ikurikiraho; Kurandura imihangayiko yimbere yumuyoboro wibyuma kugirango wirinde guhinduka cyangwa guturika.

5. Umuti wo gukemura

Umuyoboro w'icyuma ushyutswe n'ubushyuhe bwo gukemura, ku buryo karbide n'ibintu bivangavanze bishonga byuzuye kandi kimwe muri austenite, hanyuma umuyoboro w'icyuma ukonjeshwa vuba, ku buryo ibintu bya karubone n'ibivangavanga bidafite umwanya wo kugwa, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe. yuburyo bumwe bwa austenite buboneka.Imikorere yuburyo: imiterere yimbere yimbere yumuyoboro wibyuma, ibice bimwe byumuyoboro wibyuma; Kurandura gukomera mugikorwa cyo gutunganya kugirango byoroherezwe gutunganya ubukonje nyuma; Kugarura ruswa yo kwangirika kwicyuma.