Mu rwego rwa sisitemu ya peteroli na gaze, imiyoboro yicyuma idafite uruhare runini.Nkumuyoboro wuzuye wibyuma, ufite imbaraga nyinshi, urashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bitandukanye nkumuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ruswa, nibindi, bityo bikoreshwa cyane mumiyoboro itwara abantu hamwe nubwato bwumuvuduko mumashanyarazi mashya nka peteroli na gaze gasanzwe.
1. Ibiranga
Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa mu murima wa peteroli na gaze ifite ibintu bikurikira:
1. Ubusobanuro buhanitse: Umuyoboro wicyuma udafite ikidodo ufite urukuta rumwe kandi rusobanutse neza, rushobora kwemeza neza no gufunga umuyoboro.
2. Imbaraga nyinshi: Kubera ko imiyoboro idafite ibyuma idafite isuderi, ifite imbaraga nubukomezi kandi irashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bikaze nkumuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe bwinshi.
3. Kurwanya ruswa: Ibigize aside na alkali muri peteroli na gaze karemano bizatera kwangirika kumiyoboro yicyuma, ariko ibikoresho shingiro bikoreshwa mumiyoboro yicyuma idafite uburebure ni hejuru, kubwibyo bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa kandi birashobora gutuma imikorere ikorwa neza.
4. Kuramba: Bitewe nuburyo bukomeye bwo gukora imiyoboro idafite ibyuma, ubuzima bwabo bwa serivisi burashobora kwizerwa kumara imyaka mirongo, bityo bikagabanya inshuro zo gusimburwa nibiciro bijyanye.
2. Uburyo bwo gukora
Igikorwa cyo gukora imiyoboro idafite ibyuma kubutaka bwa peteroli na gaze harimo intambwe zikurikira:
1. Gushonga: Ongeramo icyuma gishongeshejwe mu itanura kugirango ushongeshe kugirango ukureho umwanda na gaze kugirango umenye neza ko umuyoboro wibyuma.
2. Gukomeza gushiramo: Icyuma gishongeshejwe gisukwa mumashini ikomeza kugirango ikomere kugirango ikore fagitire yicyuma.
3. Kuzunguruka: bilet yicyuma ikorerwa inzira nyinshi zo kuzunguruka kugirango ihindure kandi ikore imiterere ikenewe.
4. Gutobora: Umuyoboro w'icyuma uzungurutswe unyuze mu mashini isobekeranye kugira ngo ube urukuta rw'umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite kashe.
5. Kuvura ubushyuhe: Kuvura ubushyuhe bikorerwa kumuyoboro wicyuma utobora neza kugirango ukureho imihangayiko yimbere no kunoza imiterere yubukanishi.
6. Kurangiza: Kurangiza hejuru no gutunganya ibipimo byogukoresha ubushyuhe butagira ibyuma kugirango uhuze abakiriya.
7. Ubugenzuzi: Igenzura rikomeye rikorwa ku miyoboro yicyuma itarangiye, harimo uburinganire bwuzuye, uburebure bwurukuta, ubwiza bwimbere n’imbere, nibindi, kugirango ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.
Muri make, imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite icyerekezo ikoreshwa mu murima wa peteroli na gaze, nk'ibikoresho bisobanutse neza, bifite ingufu nyinshi cyane, bigira uruhare runini mu miyoboro ihererekanyabubasha hamwe n’amato y’umuvuduko mu murima w'ingufu.
Ibicuruzwa byingenzi byikigo cyacu mubikorwa bya peteroli ni:

API 5Limiyoboro y'icyuma, ibyiciro by'icyuma birimo GR.B, X42, X46, 52, X56, X60, X65,
Ibipimo byibicuruzwa
API 5L umuyoboro wamavuta:
(1) Ibisanzwe: API5L ASTM ASME B36.10.DIN
(2) Ibikoresho: API5LGr.B A106Gr.B, A105Gr.B, A53Gr.B, A243WPB, nibindi
(3) Diameter yo hanze: 13.7mm-1219.8mm
(4) Uburebure bwurukuta: 2.11mm-100mm
(5) Uburebure: metero 5.8, metero 6, metero 11,6, metero 11.8, metero 12 z'uburebure
.
(7) API 5LGR.B umuyoboro wicyuma udafite ibyuma.
API 5CTamavuta ya peteroli akoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutwara amazi na gaze nka peteroli, gaze gasanzwe, gaze yamakara, amazi, nibindi. Amavuta ya api5ct ashobora kugabanywamo ibintu bitatu: R-1, R-2 na R-3 ukurikije uburebure butandukanye.Ibikoresho nyamukuru ni B, X42, X46, X56, X65, X70, nibindi