Igiciro Cyinshi Ubushinwa Ubushinwa Umuvuduko mwinshi Tube Carbone Ibyuma bitagira umuyaga
NDT Kwipimisha Nondestructive Kubyuma bitagira ibyuma
UT: Ikizamini cya Ultrasonic (UT)
Ibipimo: Kwipimisha Ultrasonic E213 imiyoboro yicyuma no kuvoma
Ubwoko bw'inenge bwerekana: Inenge mubyerekezo birebire na cycle
Uburyo bwa pulse bwerekana inenge ikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kwibagirwa, gusudira Seam detection.
Koresha ibipimo bya ultrasonic. Umuvuduko wijwi wihuta, attenuation cyangwa resonance inshuro
Menya ingano yingano na moderi ya elastike yibikoresho byicyuma (Reba ikizamini cya tensile), gukomera, guhangayika imbere,
Ubujyakuzimu bw'icyuma gikomeye, icyiciro cya nodular cyuma cya spheroidisation Impamyabumenyi nibindi
Ibyiza: Ubushobozi bunini bwo kwinjira, kurugero, bukora neza mubyuma. Ubujyakuzimu bushobora kugera kuri metero zirenga 1;
kubusembwa bwa planari nkibice hamwe na interlayers, sensitivite yo gutahura ni ndende, hamwe nubujyakuzimu nubunini Ingano, ibikoresho byoroheje,
imikorere itekanye, byoroshye Kumenya kugenzura byikora.
Ingaruka: Birakenewe guhuza neza acoustic, kandi ubuso bwikintu kigomba kugeragezwa bugomba kuba bworoshye;
biragoye kumenya uduce duto nuduce twiza; ifite ibisabwa byinshi kumugenzuzi; ntibikwiye
ibihangano bifite imiterere igoye hamwe nubuso butagaragara.
Incamake
Gusaba
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bwa karubone, ibyuma byubatswe byubatswe hamwe nicyuma kidashobora kwangirika ibyuma bitagira umuyaga kugirango umuyaga mwinshi kandi hejuru yimiyoboro itetse.
Ahanini ikoreshwa kumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa boiler (Umuyoboro wa superheater, umuyoboro wa reheater, umuyoboro woguhumeka, umuyoboro wingenzi wamazi yo hejuru hamwe na ultra high high boiler). Bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa gazi ya gazi hamwe numwuka wamazi, umuyoboro uzahinduka okiside kandi ukangirika. Birasabwa ko umuyoboro wibyuma uramba cyane, ukarwanya okiside na ruswa, hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwimiterere.
Icyiciro rusange
Urwego rwicyuma cyiza cya karubone cyiza: 20g 、 20mng 、 25mng
Urwego rwibyuma byubatswe byubaka: 15mog 、 20mog 、 12crmog 、 15crmog 、 12cr2mog 、 12crmovg 、 12cr3movsitib, nibindi
Urwego rwicyuma cyihanganira ingese: 1cr18ni9 1cr18ni11nb
Ibigize imiti
Icyiciro | Ubwiza Icyiciro | Umutungo wa Shimi | ||||||||||||||
C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | V | Ti | Cr | Ni | Cu | Nd | Mo | B | Als " | ||
不大于 | 不小于 | |||||||||||||||
Q345 | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.30 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.012 | 0.10 | - | - | |||
B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.015 | ||||||||||
D | 0.18 | 0.030 | 0.025 | |||||||||||||
E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
Q390 | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.3。 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.10 | - | - |
B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0,015 | |||||||||||||
D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
Q42O | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.2。 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | - | - |
B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.015 | |||||||||||||
D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
Q46O | C | 0.20 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
Q500 | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
D | 0.025 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
Q550 | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 0.025 | 0,020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
D | 0.025 | 0,015 | ||||||||||||||
E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
Q62O | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
D | 0.025 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
Usibye amanota ya Q345A na Q345B, ibyuma bigomba kuba byibuze byibuze kimwe mubintu bitunganijwe neza Al, Nb, V, na Ti. Ukurikije ibikenewe, utanga isoko ashobora kongeramo kimwe cyangwa byinshi byinonosoye ingano, agaciro ntarengwa kagomba kuzuza ibisabwa mumeza. Iyo uhujwe, Nb + V + Ti <0.22% ° Kubyiciro bya Q345, Q390, Q420 na Q46O, Mo + Cr <0,30% oIyo buri cyiciro cya Cr na Ni gikoreshwa nkibintu bisigaye, ibikubiye muri Cr na Ni ntibigomba kuba hejuru ya 0,30%; mugihe bikenewe kongerwamo, ibiyikubiyemo bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa mumeza cyangwa bigenwa nuwabitanze hamwe nuwabiguze binyuze mubyifuzo.J Niba utanga isoko ashobora kwemeza ko ibirimo azote byujuje ibisabwa mumeza, isesengura ryibintu bya azote rishobora ntibikore. Niba Al, Nb, V, Ti nibindi bintu bivanze hamwe na azote ikosorwa byongewe kumyuma, ibirimo azote ntabwo bigarukira. Ibikoresho bya azote bigomba gutomorwa mubyemezo byubuziranenge. 'Iyo ukoresheje aluminiyumu yose, ibirimo aluminiyumu AIt ^ 0.020% B. |
Umutungo wa mashini
No | Icyiciro | Umutungo wa mashini | ||||
|
| Umuhengeri | Tanga umusaruro | Kwagura | Tekereza (J) | Ukuboko |
1 | 20G | 410- | ≥ | 24/22% | 27/27 | - |
2 | 20MnG | 415- | ≥ | 22/20% | 27/27 | - |
3 | 25MnG | 485- | ≥ | 20/18% | 27/27 | - |
4 | 15MoG | 450- | ≥ | 22/20% | 27/27 | - |
6 | 12CrMoG | 410- | ≥ | 21/19% | 27/27 | - |
7 | 15CrMoG | 440- | ≥ | 21/19% | 27/27 | - |
8 | 12Cr2MoG | 450- | ≥ | 22/20% | 27/27 | - |
9 | 12Cr1MoVG | 470- | ≥ | 21/19% | 27/27 | - |
10 | 12Cr2MoWVTiB | 540- | ≥ | 18 / -% | 40 / - | - |
11 | 10Cr9Mo1VNbN | ≥ | ≥ | 20/16% | 27/27 | ≤ |
12 | 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN | ≥ | ≥ | 20/16% | 27/27 | ≤ |
Ubworoherane
Uburebure bw'urukuta na Diameter yo hanze:
Niba nta bisabwa bidasanzwe, umuyoboro uza gutanga nka diameter isanzwe yo hanze n'ubugari busanzwe bwurukuta. Kurikira urupapuro
Itondekanya | Uburyo bwo gukora | Ingano y'umuyoboro | Ubworoherane | |||
Urwego rusanzwe | Urwego rwo hejuru | |||||
KUKI | Bishyushye (extrude) umuyoboro | Ubusanzwe hanze ya Diameter (D) | <57 | 士 0.40 | ± 0,30 | |
57 〜325 | SW35 | ± 0,75% D. | ± 0.5% D. | |||
S> 35 | ± 1% D. | ± 0,75% D. | ||||
> 325 〜6 。。 | + 1% D cyangwa + 5.Fata munsi imwe 一 2 | |||||
> 600 | + 1% D cyangwa + 7, Fata munsi imwe 一 2 | |||||
Ubusanzwe Urukuta (S) | <4.0 | ± | ・丨) | ± 0.35 | |||
> 4.0-20 | + 12.5% S. | ± 10% S. | ||||
> 20 | DV219 | ± 10% S. | ± 7.5% S. | |||
9 219 | + 12.5% S -10% S. | 土10% S. |
KUKI | Umuyoboro wo kwagura ubushyuhe | Ubusanzwe hanze ya Diameter (D) | byose | ± 1% D. | ± 0,75%。 |
Ubusanzwe Urukuta (S) | byose | + 20% S. -10% S. | + 15% S. -io% s | ||
WC | Ubukonje bukonje (buzunguruka) Umuyoboro | Ubusanzwe hanze ya Diameter (D) | <25.4 | ± 'L1j | - |
> 25.4 〜4 () | ± 0.20 | ||||
> 40 〜50 | |: 0.25 | - | |||
> 50 〜60 | ± 0.30 | ||||
> 60 | ± 0.5% D. | ||||
Ubusanzwe Urukuta (S) | <3.0 | ± 0.3 | ± 0.2 | ||
> 3.0 | S | ± 7.5% S. |
Uburebure:
Uburebure busanzwe bw'imiyoboro y'ibyuma ni 4 000 mm ~ 12 000 mm. Nyuma yo kugisha inama hagati yuwabitanze nuwaguze, akuzuza amasezerano, irashobora gutangwa imiyoboro yicyuma ifite uburebure burenga mm 12 000 cyangwa ngufi ya mm 000 ariko ntibiri munsi ya mm 3 000; uburebure bugufi Umubare wibyuma bitarenze mm 4000 ariko ntibiri munsi ya 3000 mm ntibishobora kurenga 5% byumubare wibyuma byatanzwe
Uburemere bwo gutanga :
Iyo umuyoboro wibyuma utanzwe ukurikije diameter yinyuma yinyuma nuburebure bwurukuta rwizina cyangwa diameter yimbere yimbere nubunini bwurukuta rwizina, umuyoboro wibyuma utangwa ukurikije uburemere nyabwo. Irashobora kandi gutangwa ukurikije uburemere bwa theoretical.
Iyo umuyoboro wibyuma utanzwe ukurikije diameter yinyuma nubunini bwurukuta ntarengwa, umuyoboro wibyuma utangwa ukurikije uburemere nyabwo; gutanga no gusaba amashyaka araganira. Kandi bigaragarira mu masezerano. Umuyoboro wibyuma urashobora kandi gutangwa ukurikije uburemere bwa theoretical.
Kwihanganira ibiro :
Ukurikije ibisabwa nuwaguze, nyuma yo kugisha inama hagati yuwabitanze nuwaguze, no mumasezerano, gutandukana hagati yuburemere nyabwo nuburemere bwamahame bwumuyoboro wibyuma bitanga bigomba kuba byujuje ibi bikurikira:
a) Umuyoboro umwe w'icyuma: ± 10%;
b) Buri cyiciro cyimiyoboro yicyuma gifite ubunini buke bwa 10 t: ± 7.5%.
Ibisabwa
Ikizamini cya Hydraustatic:
Umuyoboro wibyuma ugomba kugeragezwa mumazi umwe umwe. Umuvuduko ntarengwa wikizamini ni 20 MPa. Mugihe cyumuvuduko wikizamini, igihe cyo guhagarara ntigomba kuba munsi ya 10 s, kandi umuyoboro wibyuma ntugomba gutemba.
Umukoresha amaze kubyemera, ikizamini cya hydraulic gishobora gusimburwa na eddy igeragezwa cyangwa igeragezwa rya magnetiki flux.
Ikizamini kidahwitse :
Imiyoboro isaba ubugenzuzi bwinshi igomba kugenzurwa na ultrasonique imwe imwe. Nyuma yumushyikirano usaba uruhushya rwababuranyi kandi bisobanuwe mumasezerano, ibindi bizamini bidasenya birashobora kongerwaho.
Ikizamini cya Flattening :
Imiyoboro ifite diameter yo hanze irenga mm 22 igomba gukorerwa ikizamini. Nta gutandukanya kugaragara, ibibara byera, cyangwa umwanda bigomba kubaho mugihe cyubushakashatsi bwose.
Ikizamini cyo gutwika:
Ukurikije ibisabwa n’umuguzi kandi byavuzwe mu masezerano, umuyoboro wibyuma ufite diameter yo hanze ≤76mm hamwe nuburebure bwurukuta ≤8mm birashobora gukorwa ikizamini cyo gutwika. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bushyuhe bwicyumba hamwe na taper ya 60 °. Nyuma yo gucana, igipimo cyaka cya diameter yo hanze kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa kumeza ikurikira, kandi ibikoresho byikizamini ntibigomba kwerekana ibice cyangwa ibice.
Ubwoko bw'icyuma
| Igipimo cya diameter yo gutwika umuyoboro wibyuma /% | ||
Imbere Imbere / Diameter yo hanze | |||
<0.6 | > 0.6 〜0.8 | > 0.8 | |
Ibyuma byiza bya karubone byubaka | 10 | 12 | 17 |
Ibyuma byubaka ibyuma | 8 | 10 | 15 |
• Diameter y'imbere ibarwa kuri sample. |