Igiciro Cyinshi Ubushinwa Umuyoboro udafite ibyuma bya Oli na Gas Line
Hamwe nubuyobozi bwacu buhebuje, ubushobozi bwa tekinike bukomeye hamwe na sisitemu yo hejuru yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, dukomeza guha abaguzi bacu ubuziranenge bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ibiciro byumvikana hamwe n’amasosiyete meza. Dufite intego yo kuba mubafatanyabikorwa bawe bizewe kandi tukabona ibyo usohozaumuyoboro, Umuyoboro udafite umurongo ， umuyoboro wa gazi, Umuyoboro w'icyuma, Ubunararibonye bwacu butugira ingenzi mumaso yabakiriya bacu. Ubwiza bwacu buvuga ubwabwo imitungo nkiyi idahindagurika, isuka cyangwa isenyuka, ibyo rero nibyo abakiriya bacu bazahora bizeye mugihe batanga itegeko.
Uku ni ukwezi twarangije gutumiza umushinga wo murugo umuyoboro wa gazi.
Harimo X60, X52 na GrB
urashobora kubona ibisobanuro n'ubunini:
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 168.3 | 5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 114.3 | 5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 88.9 | 5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 60.3 | 5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 168.3 | 12.5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 168.3 | 6.4 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L415N | 406.4 | 12.5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L360N | 323.9 | 12.5 |
| Umuyoboro utagira inganoL360N | 273.1 | 10 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 114.3 | 6.3 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 88.9 | 5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 60.3 | 5 |
| Umuyoboro udafite L245N | 33.7 | 5 |
Kuri iri teka, risaba ikizamini cyingaruka -29 °. Kandi twagabanije icyitegererezo cyo kugerageza. Ibisubizo ni byiza cyane.
Ariko kubisanzwe, birasaba gusa 0 °. ntugahangayikishwe rero nubwiza.
Gusaba
Umuyoboro ukoreshwa mu gutwara peteroli, amavuta n'amazi yavuye mu butaka mu nganda zikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze binyuze mu muyoboro
Icyiciro rusange
Icyiciro cya API 5L umurongo wicyuma: Gr.B X42 X52 X60 X65 X70
Ibigize imiti
| Icyiciro cy'icyuma (Izina ry'icyuma) | Igice kinini, gishingiye ku bushyuhe no gusesengura ibicuruzwaa, g% | |||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | ||
| max b | max b | min | max | max | max | max | max | |
| Umuyoboro utagira ikizinga | ||||||||
| L175 cyangwa A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L175P cyangwa A25P | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.045 | 0.080 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L210 cyangwa A. | 0.22 | 0.90 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L245 cyangwa B. | 0.28 | 1.20 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | c, d | c, d | d |
| L290 cyangwa X42 | 0.28 | 1.30 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L320 cyangwa X46 | 0.28 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L360 cyangwa X52 | 0.28 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L390 cyangwa X56 | 0.28 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L415 cyangwa X60 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L450 cyangwa X65 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L485 cyangwa X70 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| Umuyoboro wo gusudira | ||||||||
| L175 cyangwa A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L175P cyangwa A25P | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.045 | 0.080 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L210 cyangwa A. | 0.22 | 0.90 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L245 cyangwa B. | 0.26 | 1.20 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | c, d | c, d | d |
| L290 cyangwa X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L320 cyangwa X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L360 cyangwa X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L390 cyangwa X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L415 cyangwa X60 | 0.26 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L450 cyangwa X65 | 0.26 e | 1.45 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L485 cyangwa X70 | 0.26 e | 1.65 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| a Cu ≤ 0,50%; Ni ≤ 0,50%; Cr ≤ 0,50% na Mo ≤ 0.15%. b Kuri buri kugabanuka kwa 0.01% munsi yubushakashatsi bwateganijwe bwa karubone, kwiyongera kwa 0,05% hejuru yubushakashatsi ntarengwa kuri Mn biremewe, kugeza kuri 1.65% kumanota ≥ L245 cyangwa B, ariko ≤ L360 cyangwa X52; kugeza kuri ntarengwa 1.75% kumanota> L360 cyangwa X52, ariko <L485 cyangwa X70; kandi kugeza kuri 2.00% ntarengwa ya Grade L485 cyangwa X70. c Keretse niba byumvikanyweho ukundi, Nb + V ≤ 0.06%. d Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%. e Keretse niba byumvikanyweho ukundi. f Keretse niba byumvikanyweho ukundi, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%. g Nta kongeraho nkana B byemewe kandi ibisigaye B ≤ 0.001%. | ||||||||
Umutungo wa mashini
|
Umuyoboro | Umuyoboro wumubiri utagira kashe kandi wasuditswe | Weld Seam ya EW, LW, SAW, na INKAUmuyoboro | ||
| Gutanga Imbaragaa Rt0.5 | Imbaragaa Rm | Kurambura(kuri mm 50 cyangwa 2 muri.)Af | Imbaragab Rm | |
| MPa (psi) | MPa (psi) | % | MPa (psi) | |
| min | min | min | min | |
| L175 cyangwa A25 | 175 (25.400) | 310 (45.000) | c | 310 (45.000) |
| L175P cyangwa A25P | 175 (25.400) | 310 (45.000) | c | 310 (45.000) |
| L210 cyangwa A. | 210 (30.500) | 335 (48,600) | c | 335 (48,600) |
| L245 cyangwa B. | 245 (35.500) | 415 (60,200) | c | 415 (60,200) |
| L290 cyangwa X42 | 290 (42.100) | 415 (60,200) | c | 415 (60,200) |
| L320 cyangwa X46 | 320 (46.400) | 435 (63.100) | c | 435 (63.100) |
| L360 cyangwa X52 | 360 (52,200) | 460 (66.700) | c | 460 (66.700) |
| L390 cyangwa X56 | 390 (56,600) | 490 (71.100) | c | 490 (71.100) |
| L415 cyangwa X60 | 415 (60,200) | 520 (75.400) | c | 520 (75.400) |
| L450 cyangwa X65 | 450 (65,300) | 535 (77,600) | c | 535 (77,600) |
| L485 cyangwa X70 | 485 (70,300) | 570 (82.700) | c | 570 (82.700) |
| a Kubyiciro byaciriritse, itandukaniro riri hagati yingufu ntarengwa zagaragajwe nimbaraga ntarengwa zagaragajwe kumubiri wa pipe igomba kuba nkuko byatanzwe mumeza kumanota akurikira.b Kubyiciro byaciriritse, imbaraga ntarengwa zerekana imbaraga zo gusudira. Bizaba bifite agaciro kamwe nkuko byagenwe kumubiri wumuyoboro ukoresheje ibisobanuro ahagana hasi kurupapuro a) .c Kugabanuka ntarengwa ntarengwa,Af, bigaragazwa ku ijana kandi bizunguruka ku ijana hafi, bizagenwa hakoreshejwe ikigereranyo gikurikira:
he C ni 1940 kubara ukoresheje SI ibice na 625.000 kubara ukoresheje USC; Axc nigice gikoreshwa cyikizamini cyambukiranya igice, cyerekanwe muri milimetero kare (santimetero kare), nkibi bikurikira: 1) kubice byipimisha bizenguruka ibice, 130 mm2 (0,20 muri.2) kuri mm 12,7 (0.500 muri.) Na 8.9 mm (0.350 muri.) Ibipimo bya diameter; 65 mm2 (0,10 muri.2) kuri 6.4 mm (0.250 muri.) Ibipimo by'ibizamini bya diameter; ) kuzunguruka kuri mm2 hafi ya (0.01 muri.2); 3) kubice bipimisha ibipapuro, munsi ya a) 485 mm2 (0,75 muri.2) na b) agace kambukiranya igice cyikizamini, gikomoka hakoreshejwe ubugari bwagenwe bwikizamini hamwe nuburebure bwurukuta rwerekanwe. , kuzunguruka kuri mm2 hafi ya (0.01 muri.2); U ni imbaraga ntarengwa zerekana imbaraga, zigaragarira muri megapascal (pound kuri santimetero kare). | ||||
Hanze ya diameter, hanze yuburebure n'ubugari bw'urukuta
| Kugaragara Hanze ya Diameter D (in) | Ubworoherane bwa Diameter, santimetero d | Kwihanganirana-Kwuzuzanya muri | ||||
| Umuyoboro usibye iherezo a | Umuyoboro urangira a, b, c | Umuyoboro usibye iherezo a | Umuyoboro Kurangiza a, b, c | |||
| Umuyoboro muto | Umuyoboro wo gusudira | Umuyoboro muto | Umuyoboro wo gusudira | |||
| <2.375 | -0.031 kugeza + 0.016 | - 0.031 kugeza + 0.016 | 0.048 | 0.036 | ||
| ≥2.375 kugeza 6.625 | 0.020D kuri | 0.015D kuri | ||||
| +/- 0.0075D | - 0.016 kugeza + 0.063 | D / t≤75 | D / t≤75 | |||
| Kubwumvikane kuri | Kubwumvikane kuri | |||||
| > 6.625 kugeza 24.000 | +/- 0.0075D | +/- 0.0075D, ariko max ya 0.125 | +/- 0.005D, ariko max ya 0.063 | 0.020D | 0.015D | |
| > 24 kugeza 56 | +/- 0.01D | +/- 0.005D ariko max ya 0.160 | +/- 0.079 | +/- 0.063 | 0.015D kuri ariko max ya 0.060 | 0.01D kuri ariko max ya 0.500 |
| Kuri | Kuri | |||||
| D / t≤75 | D / t≤75 | |||||
| Ku bwumvikane | Ku bwumvikane | |||||
| Kuri | Kuri | |||||
| D / t≤75 | D / t≤75 | |||||
| > 56 | Nkuko byumvikanyweho | |||||
| a. Umuyoboro wanyuma urimo uburebure bwa 4 mukurya buri gice cyumuyoboro | ||||||
| b. Kuri umuyoboro wa SMLS kwihanganira gusaba t≤0.984in kandi kwihanganira umuyoboro mwinshi bizaba nkuko byumvikanyweho | ||||||
| c. Ku muyoboro wagutse hamwe na D≥8.625in no ku muyoboro utaguwe, kwihanganira diameter no kwihanganira ibitagenda neza bishobora kugenwa ukoresheje diameter yabazwe imbere cyangwa ikapimirwa imbere ya diameter aho kuba OD yerekanwe. | ||||||
| d. Kugirango hamenyekane kubahiriza kwihanganira diameter, diameter ya pipe isobanurwa nkumuzenguruko w'umuyoboro mu ndege izenguruka igabanijwe na Pi. | ||||||
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | Ubworoherane a |
| santimetero | santimetero |
| Umuyoboro wa SMLS b | |
| ≤ 0.157 | -1.2 |
| > 0.157 kugeza kuri <0.948 | + 0.150t / - 0.125t |
| ≥ 0.984 | + 0.146 cyangwa + 0.1t, niyihe nini kuruta |
| - 0.120 cyangwa - 0.1t, niyihe nini kuruta | |
| Umuyoboro usudira c, d | |
| ≤ 0.197 | +/- 0.020 |
| > 0.197 kugeza kuri <0.591 | +/- 0.1t |
| ≥ 0.591 | +/- 0.060 |
| a. Niba gahunda yo kugura igaragaza kwihanganira gukuramo uburebure bwurukuta ruto ugereranije nagaciro katanzwe muri iyi mbonerahamwe, kongeraho kwihanganira uburebure bwurukuta bizongerwaho amafaranga ahagije kugirango akomeze kwihanganira. | |
| b. Ku muyoboro ufite D≥ 14.000 muri na t0,984in, kwihanganira uburebure bwurukuta rwaho birashobora kurenga kwihanganira ubukana bwurukuta rwiyongereyeho 0.05t mugihe hiyongereyeho kwihanganira misa bitarenze. | |
| c. Byongeye kandi kwihanganira urukuta ntirukoreshwa ahantu hasudutse | |
| d. Reba ibisobanuro byuzuye bya API5L kugirango ubone ibisobanuro birambuye | |
Ubworoherane
Ibisabwa
Ikizamini cya Hydrostatike
Umuyoboro kugirango uhangane n'ikizamini cya hydrostatike kidatemba binyuze mumasuderi cyangwa umubiri. Ihuriro ntirigomba gupimwa hydrostatike itanga ibice byakoreshejwe byageragejwe neza.
Ikizamini
Nta gucika kugaragara mugice icyo aricyo cyose cyikizamini kandi nta gufungura gusudira kuzabaho.
Ikizamini
Ibipimo byo kwemererwa gukora ikizamini giteganijwe ni:
- Imiyoboro ya EW D <12.750 muri:
- X60 hamwe na T 500in. Ntabwo hazabaho gufungura gusudira mbere yuko intera iri hagati yisahani iri munsi ya 66% yumwimerere wa diameter. Ku byiciro byose no kurukuta, 50%.
- Ku muyoboro ufite D / t> 10, ntihazabaho gufungura gusudira mbere yuko intera iri hagati yisahani iri munsi ya 30% yumwimerere wa diameter.
- Kubindi binini reba API 5L yuzuye.
Ikizamini cya CVN kuri PSL2
Ingano nini ya PSL2 nini hamwe n amanota bisaba CVN. Umuyoboro utagira ikizinga ugomba gupimwa mumubiri. Umuyoboro wo gusudira ugomba gupimwa mumubiri, gusudira imiyoboro hamwe na zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe. Reba kuri API 5L yuzuye ibisobanuro ku mbonerahamwe yubunini n'amanota kandi bisabwa imbaraga zingirakamaro.
