Bomba la chuma cha kaboni na bomba la aloi ya chuma
Kampuni yetu inajishughulisha na biashara ya kuuza nje ya chuma cha kaboni na aloi ya chuma.Bomba la Aloi, bomba la aloi ya chuma, Aloi Steel Bomba China, bomba la kaboni, Bomba la Chuma cha Carbon, Bomba la Chuma cha Carbon China.
Je! unajua tofauti kati ya chuma cha kaboni na chuma cha aloi?
Chuma cha kaboni:hasa inahusu mali mitambo hutegemea maudhui kaboni ya chuma, na kwa ujumla si kuongeza mengi ya vipengele alloying ya chuma, wakati mwingine huitwa wazi kaboni chuma au chuma kaboni. Chuma cha kaboni, pia inajulikana kama chuma cha kaboni, maudhui ya kaboni WC chini ya 2% ya aloi ya kaboni ya chuma.
Chuma kaboni kwa ujumla ina kiasi kidogo cha silicon, manganese, kiberiti, fosforasi inaweza kugawanywa kulingana na matumizi ya chuma kaboni chuma kimuundo, chuma kaboni chombo na bure-kukata miundo chuma tatu kaboni miundo chuma imegawanywa katika chuma miundo na chuma cha miundo ya mashine, ambacho kinaweza kugawanywa katika chuma cha chini cha kaboni (WC ≤ 0.25%), chuma cha kati cha kaboni (WC 0.25% - 0.6%) na vyuma vya juu vya kaboni (WC> 0.6%).
Kwa mujibu wa maudhui ya fosforasi na sulfuri, vyuma vya kaboni vinaweza kugawanywa katika vyuma vya kawaida vya kaboni (fosforasi na sulfuri ni ya juu), vyuma vya juu vya kaboni (fosforasi na sulfuri ni ya chini) ya ubora wa juu (fosforasi, sulfuri chini).
Aloi ya chuma:kulingana na chuma cha kaboni, vipengele vya aloi moja au zaidi huongezwa kwa makusudi ili kuboresha utumishi na utendaji wa mchakato wa aloi ya msingi ya chuma inaitwa alloy chuma. Aloi ya chuma inarejelea chuma kilicho na silicon na manganese kama vipengele vya aloi au vipengele vya deoksidishaji, vipengele vingine vya aloi kama vile chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, shaba, tungsten, alumini, cobalt, niobiamu, zirconium na vipengele vingine, na baadhi pia. vyenye baadhi ya vipengele visivyo vya metali (kama vile boroni, nitrojeni, n.k.) chuma.
Kulingana na kiasi cha vipengele alloying katika chuma, lakini pia inaweza kugawanywa katika chuma chini alloy, aloi ya kati na chuma high alloy.
Tofauti katika muundo wa kemikali:
(1) Chuma cha kaboni: Chuma cha chini cha kaboni (C≤0.25%); Chuma cha kaboni cha kati (C≤0.25 ~ 0.60%); Chuma cha juu cha kaboni (C≤0.60%).
(2) Aloi ya chuma: Aloi ya chini ya chuma (jumla ya maudhui ya vipengele vya aloi ≤ 5%); Aloi ya kati ya chuma (jumla ya maudhui ya vipengele vya aloi> 5 ~ 10%); Aloi ya juu ya chuma (jumla ya maudhui ya vipengele vya aloi> 10%.
Faida za chuma cha kaboni:
Chuma cha kaboni kina nguvu ya juu, ductility na ugumu, gharama ya chini, kutumika katika mashine nzito kwa ajili ya utengenezaji wa sehemu za mzigo mkubwa. Inaweza kupatikana kwa matibabu ya joto mali bora ya mitambo kutupwa.
Faida za chuma cha alloy:
Mbali na chuma katika vipengele vya chuma vyenye chuma cha kaboni tu, chuma cha kaboni, silicon nyingine, sulfuri, fosforasi na uchafu mwingine. Mbali na vitu vingine vya chromium, manganese, molybdenum, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, niobium, boroni, silicon na chuma cha aloi ya nikeli kufikia sifa zinazohitajika kama vile joto la juu, elasticity ya juu, upinzani wa abrasion, nguvu ya juu, ushupavu wa juu na kadhalika. juu. Aloi chuma ugumu kuvaa upinzani, ugumu, upinzani ulikaji kuliko bora kaboni chuma.
Hapa unaweza kuona baadhi ya matumizi ya kawaidaChuma cha kabonimadaraja ya nyenzo katika mchakato wa bomba.
·Kwa Mabomba: ASTM A53 Gr A/B, A106 Gr A/B/C, API 5L Gr B
Bomba la ASTM A53, Chuma, Nyeusi na Lililochovywa, Limepakwa Zinki, Lililochomezwa, na Isiyofumwa
·ASTM A106 ImefumwaBomba la Chuma cha Carbonkwa Huduma ya Halijoto ya Juu
Muhtasari
Maombi
Hutumika Hasa kwa ajili ya mitambo na hutumika kutengenezea mitungi ya gesi. ni pamoja na mirija ya mitambo ya kaboni na aloi isiyo na mshono, na inashughulikia mirija ya mitambo iliyomalizwa na moto isiyo na mshono na neli ya mitambo iliyokamilishwa na baridi kwa ukubwa hadi na ikijumuisha inchi 12 3⁄4. (milimita 323.8) kipenyo cha nje kwa mirija ya mviringo yenye unene wa ukuta inavyohitajika.
Daraja Kuu
1018,1026,8620,4130,4140
Kipengele cha Kemikali
JEDWALI 1 Mahitaji ya Kemikali ya Vyuma vya Chini vya Carbon
Daraja | Vikomo vya Utungaji wa Kemikali, % | |||||||
Uteuzi | KaboniA | ManganeseB | Fosforasi,B | Sulfuri,B | ||||
max | max | |||||||
MT X 1015 | 0.10–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT 1010 | 0.05–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT 1015 | 0.10–0.20 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT 1020 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT X 1020 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.70–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
BMipaka inatumika kwa uchambuzi wa joto; isipokuwa inavyotakiwa na 6.1, uchanganuzi wa bidhaa unategemea ustahimilivu wa ziada unaotumika uliotolewa katika Jedwali la 5.
JEDWALI 2 Mahitaji ya Kemikali ya Vyuma Vingine vya Carbon
Daraja | Vikomo vya Utungaji wa Kemikali, %A | ||||
Uteuzi | |||||
Kaboni | Manganese | Fosforasi, | Sulfuri, | ||
max | max | ||||
1008 | 0.10 juu | 0.30–0.50 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1010 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1012 | 0.10–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1015 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1016 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1017 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1018 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1019 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.70–1.00 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1020 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1021 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1022 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–1.00 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1025 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1026 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1030 | 0.28–0.34 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1035 | 0.32–0.38 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1040 | 0.37–0.44 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1045 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1050 | 0.48–0.55 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1518 | 0.15–0.21 | 1.10–1.40 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1524 | 0.19–0.25 | 1.35–1.65 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
1541 | 0.36–0.44 | 1.35–1.65 | 0.040 | 0.050 | |
A Masafa na vikomo vilivyotolewa katika jedwali hili vinatumika kwa uchanganuzi wa joto; isipokuwa kama inavyotakiwa na6.1, uchanganuzi wa bidhaa hutegemea viwango vya ziada vya kustahimili vilivyotolewa katika Jedwali Nambari 5.
JEDWALI 3 Mahitaji ya Kemikali kwa Vyuma vya Aloi | |||||||||
KUMBUKA | 1—Safu na vikomo katika jedwali hili vinatumika kwa chuma kisichozidi inchi 200.2(sentimita 12902) katika eneo la msalaba. | ||||||||
KUMBUKA | 2—Viwango vidogo vya vipengele fulani vipo katika vyuma vya aloi ambavyo havijabainishwa au kuhitajika. Vipengele hivi vinazingatiwa kama matukio | ||||||||
na inaweza kuwapo kwa viwango vya juu vifuatavyo: shaba, 0.35%; nikeli, 0.25%; chromium, 0.20%; molybdenum, 0.10%. | |||||||||
KUMBUKA | 3—Safu na mipaka iliyotolewa katika jedwali hili inatumika kwa uchanganuzi wa joto; isipokuwa kama inavyotakiwa na6.1, uchambuzi wa bidhaa unategemea husika | ||||||||
uvumilivu wa ziada ulioonyeshwa kwenye Jedwali Nambari 5. |
DarajaA,B | Vikomo vya Utungaji wa Kemikali, % | |||||||
Designa- | ||||||||
Kaboni | Manganese | Phospho- | Sulfuri,C,D | Silikoni | Nickel | Chromium | Molybde- | |
tion | ||||||||
rus,Cmax | max | nambari | ||||||
1330 | 0.28–0.33 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
1335 | 0.33–0.38 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
1340 | 0.38–0.43 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
1345 | 0.43–0.48 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
3140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.10–1.40 | 0.55–0.75 | … |
E3310 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.45–0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | 1.40–1.75 | … |
4012 | 0.09–0.14 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.15–0.25 |
4023 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4024 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.035−0.050 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4027 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4028 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.035−0.050 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4037 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4042 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4047 | 0.45–0.50 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4063 | 0.60–0.67 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4118 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | 0.08–0.15 |
4130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4135 | 0.32–0.39 | 0.65–0.95 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4137 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4142 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4145 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4147 | 0.45–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4320 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
4337 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
E4337 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.65–0.85 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
4340 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
E4340 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.65–0.85 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
4422 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.35–0.45 |
4427 | 0.24–0.29 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.35–0.45 |
4520 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.45–0.60 |
4615 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4617 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4620 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4621 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4718 | 0.16–0.21 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.30–0.40 |
4720 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.15–0.25 |
4815 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4817 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4820 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
5015 | 0.12–0.17 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.30–0.50 | … |
5046 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.20–0.35 | … |
5115 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
5120 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
5130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | … |
5132 | 0.30–0.35 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.75–1.00 | … |
5135 | 0.33–0.38 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.05 | … |
5140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
5145 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
5147 | 0.46–0.51 | 0.70–0.95 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.85–1.15 | … |
5150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
5155 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
5160 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
52100E | 0.93–1.05 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.15–0.35 | Upeo 0.25 | 1.35–1.60 | 0.10 juu |
E50100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
E51100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.90–1.15 | … |
E52100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 1.30–1.60 | … |
Vanadium | ||||||||
6118 | 0.16–0.21 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.50–0.70 | 0.10–0.15 |
6120 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | Dakika 0.10 |
6150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | Dakika 0.15 |
Alumini | Molybdenum | |||||||
E7140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.40 | 0.95–1.30 | 1.40–1.80 | 0.30–0.40 |
Nickel | ||||||||
8115 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.20–0.40 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
8615 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8617 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8620 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8622 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8625 | 0.23–0.28 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8627 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8630 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8637 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8640 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8642 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8645 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8650 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8655 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8660 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8720 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8735 | 0.33–0.38 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8740 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8742 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8822 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.30–0.40 |
9255 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | 0.60–0.80 | … |
9260 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | … | … |
9262 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | 0.25–0.40 | … |
E9310 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.00–3.50 | 1.00–1.40 | 0.08–0.15 |
9840 | 0.38–0.42 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.85–1.15 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
9850 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.85–1.15 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
50B40 | 0.38–0.42 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
50B44 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
50B46 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.20–0.35 | … |
50B50 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.74–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
50B60 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
51B60 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
81B45 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.20–0.40 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.08–0.15 |
86B45 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
94B15 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
94B17 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
94B30 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
94B40 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
B Madaraja yaliyoonyeshwa kwenye jedwali hili yenye herufi B, kama vile 50B40, yanaweza kutarajiwa kuwa na udhibiti wa boroni wa 0.0005%. AMadaraja yaliyoonyeshwa kwenye jedwali hili yenye kiambishi awali cha herufi E kwa ujumla yanatengenezwa kwa mchakato wa tanuru-msingi-umeme. Nyingine zote kwa kawaida hutengenezwa kwa mchakato wa msingi-wazi-wazi lakini zinaweza kutengenezwa na mchakato wa msingi wa tanuru ya umeme na marekebisho katika fosforasi na sulfuri.
CMapungufu ya salfa ya fosforasi kwa kila mchakato ni kama ifuatavyo.
Tanuru ya msingi ya umeme 0.025 max % Tanuru ya umeme yenye asidi 0.050 max %
Makao ya msingi ya wazi 0.040 max % Asidi ya kufungua makaa 0.050 max %
D Kiwango cha chini na cha juu cha sulfuri huonyesha vyuma vilivyosafishwa tena.
EMnunuzi anaweza kutaja viwango vya juu vifuatavyo: shaba, 0.30%; alumini, 0.050%; na oksijeni, 0.0015 %.
Mali ya Mitambo
Sifa za Kawaida za Mvutano, Ugumu na Hali ya Joto kwa baadhi ya Alama za Kawaida zaidi za Kaboni na Vyuma vya Aloi.
CW—Cold Worked SR—Stress Relived A—Annealed N— NormalizedA Yafuatayo ni ufafanuzi wa ishara kwa hali mbalimbali: HR—Hot Rolle
Daraja | Condi- | Mwisho | Mazao | Kurefusha | Rockwell, | ||||
Ubunifu- | tionA | Nguvu, | Nguvu, | katika 2 in | Ugumu | ||||
taifa | 50 mm,% | B Kiwango | |||||||
ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | ||||||
1020 | HR | 50 | 345 | 32 | 221 | 25 | 55 | ||
CW | 70 | 483 | 60 | 414 | 5 | 75 | |||
SR | 65 | 448 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 72 | |||
A | 48 | 331 | 28 | 193 | 30 | 50 | |||
N | 55 | 379 | 34 | 234 | 22 | 60 | |||
1025 | HR | 55 | 379 | 35 | 241 | 25 | 60 | ||
CW | 75 | 517 | 65 | 448 | 5 | 80 | |||
SR | 70 | 483 | 55 | 379 | 8 | 75 | |||
A | 53 | 365 | 30 | 207 | 25 | 57 | |||
N | 55 | 379 | 36 | 248 | 22 | 60 | |||
1035 | HR | 65 | 448 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 72 | ||
CW | 85 | 586 | 75 | 517 | 5 | 88 | |||
SR | 75 | 517 | 65 | 448 | 8 | 80 | |||
A | 60 | 414 | 33 | 228 | 25 | 67 | |||
N | 65 | 448 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 72 | |||
1045 | HR | 75 | 517 | 45 | 310 | 15 | 80 | ||
CW | 90 | 621 | 80 | 552 | 5 | 90 | |||
SR | 80 | 552 | 70 | 483 | 8 | 85 | |||
A | 65 | 448 | 35 | 241 | 20 | 72 | |||
N | 75 | 517 | 48 | 331 | 15 | 80 | |||
1050 | HR | 80 | 552 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 85 | ||
SR | 82 | 565 | 70 | 483 | 6 | 86 | |||
A | 68 | 469 | 38 | 262 | 18 | 74 | |||
N | 78 | 538 | 50 | 345 | 12 | 82 | |||
1118 | HR | 50 | 345 | 35 | 241 | 25 | 55 | ||
CW | 75 | 517 | 60 | 414 | 5 | 80 | |||
SR | 70 | 483 | 55 | 379 | 8 | 75 | |||
A | 50 | 345 | 30 | 207 | 25 | 55 | |||
N | 55 | 379 | 35 | 241 | 20 | 60 | |||
1137 | HR | 70 | 483 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 75 | ||
CW | 80 | 552 | 65 | 448 | 5 | 85 | |||
SR | 75 | 517 | 60 | 414 | 8 | 80 | |||
A | 65 | 448 | 35 | 241 | 22 | 72 | |||
N | 70 | 483 | 43 | 296 | 15 | 75 | |||
4130 | HR | 90 | 621 | 70 | 483 | 20 | 89 | ||
SR | 105 | 724 | 85 | 586 | 10 | 95 | |||
A | 75 | 517 | 55 | 379 | 30 | 81 | |||
N | 90 | 621 | 60 | 414 | 20 | 89 | |||
4140 | HR | 120 | 855 | 90 | 621 | 15 | 100 | ||
SR | 120 | 855 | 100 | 689 | 10 | 100 | |||
A | 80 | 552 | 60 | 414 | 25 | 85 | |||
N | 120 | 855 | 90 | 621 | 20 | 100 |
d
Uvumilivu
Uvumilivu wa Kipenyo cha Nje kwa Mirija Iliyokamilika MviringoA,B,C
Safu ya saizi ya nje ya kipenyo, | Uvumilivu wa Kipenyo cha Nje, ndani. (mm) | |||
ndani. (mm) | Zaidi | Chini ya | ||
Hadi 2.999 (76.17) | 0.020 (0.51) | 0.020 (0.51) | ||
3.000–4.499 (76.20–114.27) | 0.025 (0.64) | 0.025 (0.64) | ||
4.500–5.999 (114.30–152.37) | 0.031 (0.79) | 0.031 (0.79) | ||
6.000–7.499 (152.40–190.47) | 0.037 (0.94) | 0.037 (0.94) | ||
7.500–8.999 (190.50–228.57) | 0.045 (1.14) | 0.045 (1.14) | ||
9.000–10.750 (228.60–273.05) | 0.050 (1.27) | 0.050 (1.27) | ||
Uvumilivu wa Kipenyo hautumiki kwa hali ya kawaida na ya hasira au iliyozimwa na ya hasira.
B Saizi ya kawaida ya mirija ya kumaliza moto ni 11⁄2 in. (milimita 38.1) hadi 103⁄4 in. (273.0 mm) kipenyo cha nje na unene wa ukuta angalau 3 % au zaidi ya kipenyo cha nje, lakini si chini ya 0.095 in. (2.41 mm).
C Saizi kubwa zinapatikana; wasiliana na mtengenezaji kwa ukubwa na uvumilivu.
Uvumilivu wa Unene wa Ukuta kwa Umemaliza Mzunguko wa Moto
Mirija
Unene wa Ukuta | Uvumilivu wa unene wa ukuta,Aasilimia Zaidi | |||
Sambamba kama Asilimia | na Chini ya Jina | |||
wa Nje | ||||
Nje | Nje | Nje | ||
Kipenyo | ||||
Kipenyo | Kipenyo | Kipenyo | ||
inchi 2.999 | 3,000 ndani | 6,000 ndani | ||
(milimita 76.19) | (milimita 76.20) | (milimita 152.40) | ||
na ndogo | hadi inchi 5.999. | hadi inchi 10.750. | ||
(milimita 152.37) | (milimita 273.05) | |||
Chini ya miaka 15 | 12.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | |
15 na zaidi | 10.0 | 7.5 | 10.0 | |
Uvumilivu wa unene wa ukuta hauwezi kutumika kwa kuta za inchi 0.199 (milimita 5.05) na chini; wasiliana na mtengenezaji kwa uvumilivu wa ukuta kwenye saizi kama hizo za bomba.
kipimo muhimu zaidi, basi neli inayofanya kazi kwa baridi inapaswa kubainishwa kwa kipenyo cha ndani na unene wa ukuta au kipenyo cha nje na kipenyo cha ndani.
Mirija ya Mitambo Iliyogeuka Mbaya—Kubadilika kwa kipenyo cha nje na unene wa ukuta hautazidi uvumilivu ulio kwenye Jedwali. Jedwali inashughulikia uvumilivu kama inavyotumika kwa kipenyo cha nje na unene wa ukuta na inatumika kwa saizi maalum.
Mirija ya Mitambo ya Ardhi—Utofauti wa kipenyo cha nje hautazidi uvumilivu ulio kwenye Jedwali. Bidhaa hii kawaida hutolewa kutoka kwa bomba la kazi baridi.
Urefu—Miriba ya kimakaniki hutolewa kwa urefu wa kinu, futi 5 (m 1.5) na zaidi. Urefu dhahiri wa kukata hutolewa wakati umebainishwa na mnunuzi. Uvumilivu wa urefu unaonyeshwa kwenye Jedwali.
Unyoofu—Ustahimilivu wa unyoofu kwa mirija ya duara isiyo na mshono hautazidi kiasi kilichoonyeshwa kwenye Jedwali.
Mahitaji ya Mtihani
1.Mtihani wa Ugumu
Wakati mipaka ya ugumu inahitajika, mtengenezaji atashauriwa. Ugumu wa kawaida umeorodheshwa kwenye Jedwali. Inapobainishwa, mtihani wa ugumu utafanywa kwenye 1% ya mirija.
2.Vipimo vya Mvutano
Wakati mali ya mvutano inahitajika, mtengenezaji atashauriwa. Tabia za kawaida za mvutano kwa baadhi ya alama za kawaida na hali ya joto zimeorodheshwa kwenye jedwali.
3.Vipimo Visivyoharibu
Aina mbalimbali za majaribio yasiyo ya uharibifu ya ultrasonic au sumakuumeme zinapatikana. Jaribio litakalotumika na mipaka ya ukaguzi itawekwa na makubaliano ya mtengenezaji na mnunuzi.
Mtihani wa 4.Flaring
Wakati kuna mahitaji maalum ya usafi wa chuma, mbinu za mtihani na mipaka ya kukubalika itaanzishwa na makubaliano ya mtengenezaji na mnunuzi.