Pibell Dur Carbon a phibell ddur aloi
Mae ein cwmni'n ymwneud â busnes allforio dur carbon a dur aloi.Pibell Aloi, bibell dur aloi, Pibell Dur aloi Tsieina, pibell garbon, Pibell Dur Carbon, Pibell Dur Carbon Tsieina.
Ydych chi'n gwybod y gwahaniaeth rhwng dur carbon a dur aloi?
Dur carbon:yn bennaf yn cyfeirio at y priodweddau mecanyddol yn dibynnu ar y cynnwys carbon o ddur, ac yn gyffredinol nid ydynt yn ychwanegu llawer o elfennau aloi o ddur, a elwir weithiau yn ddur carbon plaen neu ddur carbon. Dur carbon, adwaenir hefyd fel dur carbon, cynnwys carbon WC llai na 2% aloi carbon haearn.
Yn ogystal, mae dur carbon yn gyffredinol yn cynnwys swm bach o silicon, manganîs, sylffwr, gellir rhannu ffosfforws yn ôl y defnydd o ddur carbon dur strwythurol carbon, dur offeryn carbon a dur strwythurol torri'n rhydd, rhennir tri dur strwythurol carbon yn ddur strwythurol a dur strwythurol peiriant, y gellir ei rannu'n ddur carbon isel (WC ≤ 0.25%), dur carbon canolig (WC 0.25% - 0.6%) a dur carbon uchel (WC> 0.6%).
Yn ôl cynnwys ffosfforws a sylffwr, gellir rhannu dur carbon yn ddur carbon cyffredin (mae ffosfforws a sylffwr yn uwch), duroedd carbon o ansawdd uchel (mae ffosfforws a sylffwr yn is) dur o ansawdd uchel (ffosfforws, sylffwr yn is).
Dur aloi:yn seiliedig ar ddur carbon, mae un neu fwy o elfennau aloi yn cael eu hychwanegu'n fwriadol i wella defnyddioldeb a pherfformiad proses yr aloi haearn a elwir yn ddur aloi. Mae dur aloi yn cyfeirio at y dur sy'n cynnwys silicon a manganîs fel elfennau aloi neu elfennau deoxidizing, elfennau aloi eraill megis cromiwm, nicel, molybdenwm, vanadium, titaniwm, copr, twngsten, alwminiwm, cobalt, niobium, zirconium ac elfennau eraill, a rhai hefyd. cynnwys rhai elfennau anfetel (fel boron, nitrogen, ac ati) dur.
Yn ôl faint o elfennau aloi mewn dur, ond hefyd gellir eu rhannu'n ddur aloi isel, aloi canolig a dur aloi uchel.
Gwahaniaeth cyfansoddiad cemegol:
(1) Dur carbon: Dur carbon isel (C≤0.25%); Dur carbon canolig (C≤0.25 ~ 0.60%); Dur carbon uchel (C≤0.60%).
(2) Dur aloi: Dur aloi isel (cyfanswm cynnwys yr elfennau aloi ≤ 5%); Dur aloi canolig (cyfanswm cynnwys yr elfennau aloi> 5 ~ 10%); Dur aloi uchel (cyfanswm cynnwys yr elfennau aloi> 10%.
Manteision dur carbon:
Mae gan ddur carbon gryfder uchel, hydwythedd a chaledwch, cost isel, a ddefnyddir mewn peiriannau trwm ar gyfer cynhyrchu rhannau llwyth trwm. Gellir ei gael trwy driniaeth wres gwell eiddo mecanyddol cast.
Manteision dur aloi:
Yn ogystal â haearn mewn elfennau dur sy'n cynnwys dim ond dur carbon, dur carbon, silicon eraill, sylffwr, ffosfforws ac amhureddau eraill. Yn ogystal ag elfennau eraill o gromiwm, manganîs, molybdenwm, titaniwm, twngsten, vanadium, niobium, boron, silicon a dur aloi nicel i gyflawni'r eiddo a ddymunir megis tymheredd uchel, elastigedd uchel, ymwrthedd crafiadau, cryfder uchel, caledwch uchel ac ati. ymlaen. Alloy dur caledwch gwisgo ymwrthedd, hardenability, cyrydiad ymwrthedd na dur carbon rhagorol.
Yma gallwch weld rhai o'r defnydd cyffredinDur carbongraddau deunydd mewn pibellau Proses.
· Ar gyfer pibellau: ASTM A53 Gr A/B, A106 Gr A/B/C, API 5L Gr B
· Pibell ASTM A53, Dur, Du a Di-dor, Wedi'i Gorchuddio â Sinc, Wedi'i Weldio, a Di-dor
·ASTM A106 Di-dorPibell Dur Carbonar gyfer Gwasanaeth Tymheredd Uchel
Trosolwg
Cais
Fe'i Defnyddir yn Bennaf ar gyfer mecanyddol ac fe'i defnyddir i wneud silindrau nwy. Mae'n cynnwys tiwbiau mecanyddol di-dor carbon a dur aloi, ac mae'n cynnwys tiwbiau mecanyddol gorffenedig poeth di-dor a thiwbiau mecanyddol di-dor gorffenedig oer mewn meintiau hyd at a chan gynnwys 12 3⁄4 mewn. (323.8 mm) diamedr allanol ar gyfer tiwbiau crwn gyda thrwch wal yn ôl yr angen.
Prif Radd
1018,1026,8620,4130,4140
Cydran Cemegol
TABL 1 Gofynion Cemegol Dur Carbon Isel
Gradd | Terfynau Cyfansoddiad Cemegol, % | |||||||
Dynodiad | CarbonA | ManganîsB | Ffosfforws,B | sylffwr,B | ||||
max | max | |||||||
MT X 1015 | 0.10–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT 1010 | 0.05–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT 1015 | 0.10–0.20 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT 1020 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
MT X 1020 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.70–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
BMae terfynau'n berthnasol i ddadansoddi gwres; ac eithrio fel sy'n ofynnol gan 6.1, mae dadansoddiadau cynnyrch yn ddarostyngedig i'r goddefiannau ychwanegol cymwys a roddir yn Nhabl 5.
TABL 2 Gofynion Cemegol Dur Carbon Eraill
Gradd | Terfynau Cyfansoddiad Cemegol, %A | ||||
Dynodiad | |||||
Carbon | Manganîs | Ffosfforws, | sylffwr, | ||
max | max | ||||
1008 | 0.10 uchafswm | 0.30–0.50 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1010 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1012 | 0.10–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1015 | 0.13-0.18 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1016 | 0.13-0.18 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1017 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1018 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1019 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.70–1.00 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1020 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1021 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1022 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–1.00 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1025 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1026 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1030 | 0.28–0.34 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1035 | 0.32-0.38 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1040 | 0.37–0.44 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1045 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1050 | 0.48–0.55 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1518. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.15-0.21 | 1.10–1.40 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1524 | 0.19–0.25 | 1.35–1.65 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
1541 | 0.36–0.44 | 1.35–1.65 | 0. 040 | 0.050 | |
A Mae'r amrediadau a'r terfynau a roddir yn y tabl hwn yn berthnasol i ddadansoddi gwres; ac eithrio fel sy'n ofynnol gan6.1, mae dadansoddiadau cynnyrch yn ddarostyngedig i'r goddefgarwch ychwanegol cymwys a roddir yn Nhabl Rhif 5.
TABL 3 Gofynion Cemegol ar gyfer Alloy Steels | |||||||||
NODYN | 1 - Mae'r amrediadau a'r terfynau yn y tabl hwn yn berthnasol i ddur nad yw'n fwy na 200 modfedd.2(1290 cm2) mewn ardal drawstoriadol. | ||||||||
NODYN | 2 - Mae meintiau bach o rai elfennau yn bresennol mewn duroedd aloi nad ydynt wedi'u nodi neu eu hangen. Ystyrir bod yr elfennau hyn yn atodol | ||||||||
a gall fod yn bresennol i'r symiau uchaf a ganlyn: copr, 0.35 %; nicel, 0.25 %; cromiwm, 0.20%; molybdenwm, 0.10%. | |||||||||
NODYN | 3—Mae'r amrediadau a'r terfynau a roddir yn y tabl hwn yn berthnasol i ddadansoddi gwres; ac eithrio fel sy'n ofynnol gan6.1, mae dadansoddiadau cynnyrch yn amodol ar y cymwys | ||||||||
rhoddir goddefiannau ychwanegol yn Nhabl Rhif 5. |
GraddA,B | Terfynau Cyfansoddiad Cemegol, % | |||||||
Designa- | ||||||||
Carbon | Manganîs | ffosffo- | sylffwr,C,D | Silicon | Nicel | Cromiwm | Molybde- | |
tion | ||||||||
rus,Cmax | max | rhif | ||||||
1330. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.28–0.33 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
1335. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.33-0.38 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
1340. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.38–0.43 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
1345. llathredd eg | 0.43–0.48 | 1.60–1.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
3140. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.38–0.43 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.10–1.40 | 0.55–0.75 | … |
E3310 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.45–0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | 1.40–1.75 | … |
4012 | 0.09–0.14 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.15–0.25 |
4023 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4024 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.035 -0.050 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4027 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4028 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.035 -0.050 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4037 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4042 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4047 | 0.45–0.50 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4063 | 0.60–0.67 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4118. llariaidd | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | 0.08–0.15 |
4130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4135. llarieidd | 0.32–0.39 | 0.65–0.95 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4137. gorchymmyn | 0.35–0.40 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4142. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4145. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4147. llariaidd | 0.45–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
4320 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
4337. llarieidd | 0.35–0.40 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
E4337 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.65–0.85 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
4340 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
E4340 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.65–0.85 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
4422. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.35–0.45 |
4427. llariaidd | 0.24–0.29 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.35–0.45 |
4520 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.45–0.60 |
4615 | 0.13-0.18 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4617 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4620 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4621. llariaidd | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4718. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.16–0.21 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.30–0.40 |
4720 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.15–0.25 |
4815. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.13-0.18 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4817. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.15–0.20 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
4820 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
5015 | 0.12–0.17 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.30–0.50 | … |
5046 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.20–0.35 | … |
5115 | 0.13-0.18 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
5120 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
5130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | … |
5132. llathr | 0.30–0.35 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.75–1.00 | … |
5135. llarieidd | 0.33-0.38 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.05 | … |
5140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
5145. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.43–0.48 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
5147 | 0.46–0.51 | 0.70–0.95 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.85–1.15 | … |
5150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
5155. llarieidd | 0.51–0.59 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
5160 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
52100E | 0.93–1.05 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.25 uchafswm | 1.35–1.60 | 0.10 uchafswm |
E50100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
E51100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.90–1.15 | … |
E52100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 1.30–1.60 | … |
Fanadiwm | ||||||||
6118. llariaidd | 0.16–0.21 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.50–0.70 | 0.10–0.15 |
6120 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | 0.10 mun |
6150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15 mun |
Alwminiwm | Molybdenwm | |||||||
E7140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.50–0.70 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.40 | 0.95–1.30 | 1.40–1.80 | 0.30–0.40 |
Nicel | ||||||||
8115. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.13-0.18 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.20–0.40 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
8615. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.13-0.18 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8617. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.15–0.20 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8620 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8622. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8625. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.23–0.28 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8627. llariaidd | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8630 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8637. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.35–0.40 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8640 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8642. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8645. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8650 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8655. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.51–0.59 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8660 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
8720 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8735. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.33-0.38 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8740. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8742. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
8822. llarieidd-dra eg | 0.20–0.25 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.30–0.40 |
9255 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.60–0.80 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | 0.60–0.80 | … |
9260 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | … | … |
9262 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | 0.25–0.40 | … |
E9310 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.45–0.65 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.00–3.50 | 1.00–1.40 | 0.08–0.15 |
9840 | 0.38–0.42 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.85–1.15 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
9850 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.85–1.15 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
50B40 | 0.38–0.42 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
50B44 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
50B46 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.20–0.35 | … |
50B50 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.74–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
50B60 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
51B60 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70-0.90 | … |
81B45 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.20–0.40 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.08–0.15 |
86B45 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
94B15 | 0.13-0.18 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
94B17 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
94B30 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
94B40 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
B Gellir disgwyl i'r graddau a ddangosir yn y tabl hwn gyda'r llythyren B, megis 50B40, fod â rheolaeth boron leiaf 0.0005%. AMae'r graddau a ddangosir yn y tabl hwn gyda rhagddodiad llythyren E yn gyffredinol yn cael eu cynhyrchu gan y broses sylfaenol-trydan-ffwrnais. Mae'r lleill i gyd fel arfer yn cael eu cynhyrchu gan y broses aelwyd agored sylfaenol ond gellir eu gweithgynhyrchu gan y broses sylfaenol-trydan-ffwrnais gydag addasiadau mewn ffosfforws a sylffwr.
CMae'r cyfyngiadau sylffwr ffosfforws ar gyfer pob proses fel a ganlyn:
Ffwrnais drydan sylfaenol 0.025 uchafswm % Ffwrnais drydan asid 0.050 uchafswm %
Aelwyd agored sylfaenol 0.040 uchafswm % aelwyd agored asid 0.050 uchafswm %
D Mae isafswm ac uchafswm cynnwys sylffwr yn dynodi duroedd wedi'u had-sylffwreiddio.
EGall y prynwr nodi'r uchafsymiau canlynol: copr, 0.30 %; alwminiwm, 0.050%; ac ocsigen, 0.0015%.
Eiddo Mecanyddol
Priodweddau Tynnol Nodweddiadol, Caledwch a Chyflwr Thermol ar gyfer rhai o'r Graddau Mwy Cyffredin o Garbon ac Alloy Steels
CW — Oer Gweithio SR — Lleddfu Straen A — Anelio N — Wedi'i NormaleiddioA Dyma'r diffiniadau symbolau ar gyfer y gwahanol amodau: HR — Hot Rolle
Gradd | Condi- | Yn y pen draw | Cnwd | Elongation | Rockwell, | ||||
dylunio- | tionA | Cryfder, | Cryfder, | mewn 2 mewn. neu | Caledwch | ||||
cenedl | 50 mm, % | Graddfa B | |||||||
ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | ||||||
1020 | HR | 50 | 345 | 32 | 221 | 25 | 55 | ||
CW | 70 | 483 | 60 | 414 | 5 | 75 | |||
SR | 65 | 448 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 72 | |||
A | 48 | 331 | 28 | 193 | 30 | 50 | |||
N | 55 | 379 | 34 | 234 | 22 | 60 | |||
1025 | HR | 55 | 379 | 35 | 241 | 25 | 60 | ||
CW | 75 | 517 | 65 | 448 | 5 | 80 | |||
SR | 70 | 483 | 55 | 379 | 8 | 75 | |||
A | 53 | 365 | 30 | 207 | 25 | 57 | |||
N | 55 | 379 | 36 | 248 | 22 | 60 | |||
1035 | HR | 65 | 448 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 72 | ||
CW | 85 | 586 | 75 | 517 | 5 | 88 | |||
SR | 75 | 517 | 65 | 448 | 8 | 80 | |||
A | 60 | 414 | 33 | 228 | 25 | 67 | |||
N | 65 | 448 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 72 | |||
1045 | HR | 75 | 517 | 45 | 310 | 15 | 80 | ||
CW | 90 | 621 | 80 | 552 | 5 | 90 | |||
SR | 80 | 552 | 70 | 483 | 8 | 85 | |||
A | 65 | 448 | 35 | 241 | 20 | 72 | |||
N | 75 | 517 | 48 | 331 | 15 | 80 | |||
1050 | HR | 80 | 552 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 85 | ||
SR | 82 | 565 | 70 | 483 | 6 | 86 | |||
A | 68 | 469 | 38 | 262 | 18 | 74 | |||
N | 78 | 538 | 50 | 345 | 12 | 82 | |||
1118. llarieidd-dra eg | HR | 50 | 345 | 35 | 241 | 25 | 55 | ||
CW | 75 | 517 | 60 | 414 | 5 | 80 | |||
SR | 70 | 483 | 55 | 379 | 8 | 75 | |||
A | 50 | 345 | 30 | 207 | 25 | 55 | |||
N | 55 | 379 | 35 | 241 | 20 | 60 | |||
1137. llarieidd-dra eg | HR | 70 | 483 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 75 | ||
CW | 80 | 552 | 65 | 448 | 5 | 85 | |||
SR | 75 | 517 | 60 | 414 | 8 | 80 | |||
A | 65 | 448 | 35 | 241 | 22 | 72 | |||
N | 70 | 483 | 43 | 296 | 15 | 75 | |||
4130 | HR | 90 | 621 | 70 | 483 | 20 | 89 | ||
SR | 105 | 724 | 85 | 586 | 10 | 95 | |||
A | 75 | 517 | 55 | 379 | 30 | 81 | |||
N | 90 | 621 | 60 | 414 | 20 | 89 | |||
4140 | HR | 120 | 855 | 90 | 621 | 15 | 100 | ||
SR | 120 | 855 | 100 | 689 | 10 | 100 | |||
A | 80 | 552 | 60 | 414 | 25 | 85 | |||
N | 120 | 855 | 90 | 621 | 20 | 100 |
d
Goddefgarwch
Goddefiannau Diamedr Allanol ar gyfer Tiwbiau Gorffen Poeth CrwnA,B,C
Ystod Maint Diamedr y tu allan, | Goddefiant Diamedr Allanol, i mewn (mm) | |||
mewn. (mm) | Drosodd | Dan | ||
Hyd at 2.999 (76.17) | 0.020 (0.51) | 0.020 (0.51) | ||
3.000–4.499 (76.20–114.27) | 0.025 (0.64) | 0.025 (0.64) | ||
4.500–5.999 (114.30–152.37) | 0.031 (0.79) | 0.031 (0.79) | ||
6.000–7.499 (152.40–190.47) | 0.037 (0.94) | 0.037 (0.94) | ||
7.500–8.999 (190.50–228.57) | 0.045 (1.14) | 0.045 (1.14) | ||
9.000–10.750 (228.60–273.05) | 0.050 (1.27) | 0.050 (1.27) | ||
A Nid yw goddefiannau diamedr yn berthnasol i amodau wedi'u normaleiddio a'u tymeru neu eu diffodd a'u tymheru.
B Yr ystod gyffredin o feintiau tiwbiau gorffenedig poeth yw 11⁄2 modfedd (38.1 mm) i 103⁄4 modfedd (273.0 mm) diamedr allanol gyda thrwch wal o leiaf 3 % neu fwy o ddiamedr allanol, ond dim llai na 0.095 i mewn (2.41 mm).
C Mae meintiau mwy ar gael; ymgynghorwch â'r gwneuthurwr am feintiau a goddefiannau.
Goddefiannau Trwch Wal ar gyfer Gorffen Poeth Rownd
Tiwbio
Trwch Wal | Goddefgarwch Trwch Wal,Acant Dros | |||
Ystod fel Canran | a Dan Enwol | |||
o'r tu allan | ||||
Y tu allan | Y tu allan | Y tu allan | ||
Diamedr | ||||
Diamedr | Diamedr | Diamedr | ||
2.999 i mewn. | 3.000 i mewn. | 6.000 i mewn. | ||
(76.19 mm) | (76.20 mm) | (152.40 mm) | ||
a llai | i 5.999 i mewn. | i 10.750 i mewn. | ||
(152.37 mm) | (273.05 mm) | |||
Dan 15 | 12.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | |
15 a throsodd | 10.0 | 7.5 | 10.0 | |
A Efallai na fydd goddefiannau trwch wal yn berthnasol i waliau 0.199 i mewn (5.05 mm) a llai; ymgynghorwch â'r gwneuthurwr ar gyfer goddefiannau wal ar feintiau tiwbiau o'r fath.
yn ddimensiwn pwysicach, yna dylid pennu tiwbiau oer i ddiamedr y tu mewn a thrwch wal neu ddiamedr allanol a diamedr y tu mewn.
Tiwbiau Mecanyddol wedi'u Troi'n Arw - Ni fydd yr amrywiad mewn diamedr allanol a thrwch wal yn fwy na'r goddefiant yn y Tabl. Mae'r tabl yn cwmpasu goddefiannau fel y'i cymhwysir i ddiamedr allanol a thrwch wal ac yn berthnasol i'r maint penodedig.
Tiwbiau Mecanyddol Daear - Ni ddylai amrywiad mewn diamedr allanol fod yn fwy na'r goddefiannau yn y Tabl. Mae'r cynnyrch hwn fel arfer yn cael ei gynhyrchu o diwb sy'n gweithio'n oer.
Hyd - Mae tiwbiau mecanyddol yn cael eu dodrefnu'n gyffredin mewn hyd melin, 5 troedfedd (1.5 m) a throsodd. Mae darnau toriad pendant yn cael eu dodrefnu pan nodir hynny gan y prynwr. Dangosir goddefiannau hyd yn Nhabl .
Sythrwydd - Ni ddylai'r goddefiannau sythrwydd ar gyfer tiwbiau crwn di-dor fod yn fwy na'r symiau a ddangosir yn y Tabl.
Gofyniad Prawf
Prawf 1.Hardness
Pan fydd angen terfynau caledwch, dylid ymgynghori â'r gwneuthurwr. Rhestrir caledwch nodweddiadol yn Nhabl . Pan nodir hynny, rhaid cynnal y prawf caledwch ar 1% o'r tiwbiau.
Profion 2.Tension
Pan fydd angen priodweddau tynnol, dylid ymgynghori â'r gwneuthurwr. Mae priodweddau tynnol nodweddiadol ar gyfer rhai o'r graddau ac amodau thermol mwy cyffredin wedi'u rhestru yn y tabl.
Profion 3.Nondestructive
Mae gwahanol fathau o brofion ultrasonic neu electromagnetig nad ydynt yn ddinistriol ar gael. Rhaid sefydlu'r prawf i'w ddefnyddio a'r terfynau arolygu trwy gytundeb y gwneuthurwr a'r prynwr.
Prawf 4.Flaring
Pan fo gofynion arbennig ar gyfer glendid dur, rhaid sefydlu'r dulliau prawf a therfynau derbyn trwy gytundeb y gwneuthurwr a'r prynwr.