Píobán Cruach Carbóin agus píopa cruach cóimhiotail
Tá ár gcuideachta i mbun gnó onnmhairithe cruach carbóin agus cruach cóimhiotail.Píobán Cóimhiotail, píopa cruach cóimhiotail, Píobán Cruach Alloy tSín, píopa carbóin, Píob Cruach Carbóin, Píobán Cruach Carbóin tSín.
An bhfuil a fhios agat an difríocht idir cruach carbóin agus cruach cóimhiotail?
Cruach charbóin:Tagraíonn go príomha do na hairíonna meicniúla ag brath ar an ábhar carbóin cruach, agus go ginearálta nach bhfuil a chur ar a lán de na heilimintí chóimhiotalach cruach, ar a dtugtar uaireanta cruach carbóin plain nó cruach carbóin. Cruach carbóin, ar a dtugtar cruach carbóin, ábhar carbóin WC níos lú ná 2% cóimhiotal carbóin iarainn.
Tá cruach carbóin ina theannta sin go ginearálta méid beag de sileacain, mangainéise, sulfair, is féidir fosfar a roinnt de réir úsáid a bhaint as cruach carbóin cruach struchtúrach carbóin, cruach uirlis charbóin agus cruach struchtúrach saor-ghearradh trí cruach struchtúrach carbóin roinnte ina cruach struchtúrach agus cruach struchtúrach meaisín, is féidir a roinnt ina chruach ísealcharbóin (WC ≤ 0.25%), cruach mheáncharbóin (WC 0.25% - 0.6%) agus steels ardcharbóin (WC> 0.6%).
De réir ábhar fosfar agus sulfair, is féidir steels carbóin a roinnt ina ngnáth-steí carbóin (tá fosfar agus sulfair níos airde), steels carbóin ardchaighdeáin (fosfar agus sulfair níos ísle) cruach ard-chaighdeán (fosfar, sulfair níos ísle).
Cruach cóimhiotail:bunaithe ar chruach carbóin, cuirtear eilimint chóimhiotalach amháin nó níos mó leis d'aon ghnó chun feabhas a chur ar inseirbhísiúlacht agus ar fheidhmíocht phróiseas an chóimhiotail iarainn-bhunaithe ar a dtugtar cruach cóimhiotail. Tagraíonn cruach cóimhiotail don chruach ina bhfuil sileacain agus mangainéis mar eilimintí cóimhiotail nó eilimintí dí-ocsaídeacha, eilimintí cóimhiotail eile cosúil le cróimiam, nicil, moluibdín, vanadiam, tíotáiniam, copar, tungstain, alúmanam, cóbalt, niobium, siorcóiniam agus gnéithe eile, agus roinnt freisin. go bhfuil roinnt eilimintí neamh-mhiotail (cosúil le bórón, nítrigin, etc.) cruach.
De réir méid na n-eilimintí cóimhiotail i cruach, ach is féidir iad a roinnt freisin i cruach cóimhiotail íseal, cóimhiotal meánach agus cruach cóimhiotail ard.
Difríocht comhdhéanamh ceimiceach:
(1) Cruach charbóin: Cruach ísealcharbóin (C≤0.25%); Cruach mheáncharbóin (C≤0.25 ~ 0.60%); Cruach ardcharbóin (C≤0.60%).
(2) Cruach cóimhiotail: Cruach cóimhiotail íseal (ábhar iomlán na n-eilimintí cóimhiotail ≤ 5%); Cruach mheán-chóimhiotail (ábhar iomlán na n-eilimintí cóimhiotail> 5 ~ 10%); Cruach cóimhiotail ard (ábhar iomlán na n-eilimintí cóimhiotail> 10%.
Buntáistí cruach carbóin:
Tá ard-neart, insínteacht agus toughness, costas íseal ag cruach carbóin, a úsáidtear in innealra trom chun páirteanna trom-ualach a mhonarú. Is féidir é a fháil trí chóireáil teasa airíonna meicniúla níos fearr a caitheadh.
Buntáistí cruach cóimhiotail:
Chomh maith le iarann i eilimintí cruach nach bhfuil ach cruach carbóin, cruach carbóin, sileacain eile, sulfair, fosfar agus neamhíonachtaí eile. Chomh maith le gnéithe eile de chróimiam, mangainéise, moluibdín, tíotáiniam, tungstain, vanadium, niobium, bórón, sileacain agus cruach cóimhiotail nicil chun na hairíonna atá ag teastáil a bhaint amach, mar shampla teocht ard, leaisteachas ard, friotaíocht abrasion, neart ard, toughness ard agus mar sin de. ar. Tá friotaíocht caitheamh cruas cruach cóimhiotail, hardenability, friotaíocht creimeadh ná cruach carbóin den scoth.
Anseo, is féidir leat cuid de na húsáidí coitianta a fheiceáilCruach charbóingráid ábhair i bPíobáil phróiseála.
·Do phíopaí: ASTM A53 Gr A/B, A106 Gr A/B/C, API 5L Gr B
· Píobán ASTM A53, Cruach, Dubh agus Te-tumtha, Sinc-brataithe, Táthaithe agus Gan uaim
· ASTM A106 Gan uaimPíob Cruach Carbóinle haghaidh Seirbhíse Ardteochta
Forbhreathnú
Iarratas
Úsáidtear go príomha é le haghaidh meicniúil agus úsáidtear é chun sorcóirí gáis a dhéanamh. áiríonn sé feadánra meicniúil gan uaim cruach carbóin agus cóimhiotail, agus clúdaíonn sé feadánra meicniúil te-chríochnaithe gan uaim agus feadánra meicniúla fuarchríochnaithe i méideanna suas go dtí agus lena n-áirítear 12 3⁄4 in. (323.8 mm) trastomhas lasmuigh le haghaidh feadáin chruinn le tiús bhalla mar is gá.
Príomhghráid
1018,1026,8620,4130,4140
Comhpháirt Cheimiceach
TÁBLA 1 Ceanglais Cheimiceacha Cruach Ísealcharbóin
| Grád | Teorainneacha Comhdhéanaimh Cheimiceach, % | |||||||
| Ainmniú | CarbónA | MangainéisB | fosfar,B | Sulfar,B | ||||
| uas | uas | |||||||
| MT X 1015 | 0.10–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 05 | ||||
| MT 1010 | 0.05–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 04 | 0. 05 | ||||
| MT 1015 | 0.10–0.20 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 04 | 0. 05 | ||||
| MT 1020 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 04 | 0. 05 | ||||
| MT X 1020 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.70–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 05 | ||||
BBaineann teorainneacha le hanailís teasa; ach amháin mar a cheanglaítear le 6.1, tá anailísí táirgí faoi réir na lamháltas breise is infheidhme a thugtar i dTábla 5.
TÁBLA 2 Ceanglais Cheimiceacha Cruach Charbóin Eile
| Grád | Teorainneacha Comhdhéanaimh Cheimiceach, %A | ||||
| Ainmniú | |||||
| Carbón | Mangainéis | fosfar, | Sulfar, | ||
| uas | uas | ||||
| 1008 | 0.10 max | 0.30–0.50 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1010 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1012 | 0.10–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1015 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1016 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1017 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1018 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1019 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.70–1.00 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1020 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1021 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1022 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–1.00 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1025 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.30–0.60 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1026 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1030 | 0.28–0.34 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1035 | 0.32–0.38 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1040 | 0.37–0.44 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1045 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1050 | 0.48–0.55 | 0.60–0.90 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1518 | 0.15–0.21 | 1.10–1.40 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1524 | 0.19–0.25 | 1.35–1.65 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
| 1541 | 0.36–0.44 | 1.35–1.65 | 0. 040 | 0. 050 | |
A Baineann na raonta agus na teorainneacha a thugtar sa tábla seo le hanailís teasa; ach amháin mar a éilíonn6.1, tá anailísí táirgí faoi réir na lamháltais bhreise is infheidhme a thugtar i dTábla Uimhir 5.
| TÁBLA 3 Ceanglais Cheimiceacha do Alloy Steels | |||||||||
| NÓTA | 1—Baineann na raonta agus na teorainneacha sa tábla seo le cruach nach mó ná 200 in.2(1290 cm2) i limistéar trasghearrtha. | ||||||||
| NÓTA | 2—Tá cainníochtaí beaga d’eilimintí áirithe i láthair i cruacha cóimhiotail nach bhfuil sonraithe nó riachtanach. Meastar na heilimintí seo a bheith teagmhasach | ||||||||
| agus féadfaidh siad a bheith i láthair go dtí na huasmhéideanna seo a leanas: copar, 0.35 %; nicil, 0.25 %; cróimiam, 0.20 %; moluibdín, 0.10 %. | |||||||||
| NÓTA | 3—Baineann na raonta agus na teorainneacha a thugtar sa tábla seo le hanailís teasa; ach amháin mar a éilíonn6.1, tá anailísí táirge faoi réir an infheidhme | ||||||||
| lamháltais bhreise a thugtar i dTábla Uimhir 5. | |||||||||
| GrádA,B | Teorainneacha Comhdhéanaimh Cheimiceach, % | |||||||
| Dear- | ||||||||
| Carbón | Mangainéis | fosfa- | Sulfar,C,D | sileacain | nicil | Cróimiam | Molaibde- | |
| tiontú | ||||||||
| rus,Cuas | uas | uimh | ||||||
| 1330 | 0.28–0.33 | 1.60–1.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
| 1335 | 0.33–0.38 | 1.60–1.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
| 1340 | 0.38–0.43 | 1.60–1.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
| 1345 | 0.43–0.48 | 1.60–1.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | … |
| 3140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.10–1.40 | 0.55–0.75 | … |
| E3310 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.45–0.60 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | 1.40–1.75 | … |
| 4012 | 0.09–0.14 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4023 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4024 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0.035 – 0.050 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4027 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4028 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0.035 – 0.050 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4037 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4042 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4047 | 0.45–0.50 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4063 | 0.60–0.67 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4118 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 4130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.40–0.60 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4135 | 0.32–0.39 | 0.65–0.95 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4137 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4142 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4145 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4147 | 0.45–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4320 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.45–0.65 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4337 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.60–0.80 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
| E4337 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.65–0.85 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4340 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.60–0.80 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
| E4340 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.65–0.85 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4422 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.35–0.45 |
| 4427 | 0.24–0.29 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.35–0.45 |
| 4520 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.45–0.65 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | … | 0.45–0.60 |
| 4615 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.45–0.65 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4617 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.45–0.65 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4620 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.45–0.65 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4621 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 1.65–2.00 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4718 | 0.16–0.21 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.30–0.40 |
| 4720 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.50–0.70 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 4815 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.40–0.60 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4817 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.40–0.60 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 4820 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.50–0.70 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.25–3.75 | … | 0.20–0.30 |
| 5015 | 0.12–0.17 | 0.30–0.50 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.30–0.50 | … |
| 5046 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.20–0.35 | … |
| 5115 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 5120 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 5130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | … |
| 5132 | 0.30–0.35 | 0.60–0.80 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.75–1.00 | … |
| 5135 | 0.33–0.38 | 0.60–0.80 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.05 | … |
| 5140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 5145 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 5147 | 0.46–0.51 | 0.70–0.95 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.85–1.15 | … |
| 5150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 5155 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 5160 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 52100E | 0.93–1.05 | 0.25–0.45 | 0. 025 | 0. 015 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.25 uas | 1.35–1.60 | 0.10 max |
| E50100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
| E51100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.90–1.15 | … |
| E52100 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.25–0.45 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 1.30–1.60 | … |
| Vanaidiam | ||||||||
| 6118 | 0.16–0.21 | 0.50–0.70 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.50–0.70 | 0.10–0.15 |
| 6120 | 0.17–0.22 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | 0.10 nóim |
| 6150 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15 nóim |
| Alúmanam | moluibdín | |||||||
| E7140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.50–0.70 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.40 | 0.95–1.30 | 1.40–1.80 | 0.30–0.40 |
| nicil | ||||||||
| 8115 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.20–0.40 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 8615 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8617 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8620 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8622 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8625 | 0.23–0.28 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8627 | 0.25–0.30 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8630 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8637 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8640 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8642 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8645 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8650 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8655 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8660 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 8720 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 8735 | 0.33–0.38 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 8740 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 8742 | 0.40–0.45 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 8822 | 0.20–0.25 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.30–0.40 |
| 9255 | 0.51–0.59 | 0.60–0.80 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | 0.60–0.80 | … |
| 9260 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | … | … |
| 9262 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 1.80–2.20 | … | 0.25–0.40 | … |
| E9310 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.45–0.65 | 0. 025 | 0. 025 | 0.15–0.35 | 3.00–3.50 | 1.00–1.40 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 9840 | 0.38–0.42 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.85–1.15 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 9850 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.70–0.90 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.85–1.15 | 0.70–0.90 | 0.20–0.30 |
| 50B40 | 0.38–0.42 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
| 50B44 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
| 50B46 | 0.43–0.50 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.20–0.35 | … |
| 50B50 | 0.48–0.53 | 0.74–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
| 50B60 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.40–0.60 | … |
| 51B60 | 0.56–0.64 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | … | 0.70–0.90 | … |
| 81B45 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.20–0.40 | 0.35–0.55 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 86B45 | 0.43–0.48 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.15–0.25 |
| 94B15 | 0.13–0.18 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 94B17 | 0.15–0.20 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 94B30 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
| 94B40 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.75–1.00 | 0. 04 | 0. 04 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.30–0.50 | 0.08–0.15 |
B Is féidir a bheith ag súil go mbeidh íosrialú bóróin 0.0005 % ag na gráid a thaispeántar sa tábla seo leis an litir B, mar 50B40. AIs tríd an bpróiseas bunfhoirnéise-leictreachais a mhonaraítear na gráid a thaispeántar sa tábla seo le réimír E. Déantar na cinn eile go léir a mhonarú de ghnáth tríd an bpróiseas bunúsach-teallaigh oscailte ach féadfar iad a mhonarú tríd an bpróiseas bunfhoirnéise-leictreachais le coigeartuithe san fhosfar agus sa sulfair.
cIs iad seo a leanas na teorainneacha fosfair maidir le sulfair do gach próiseas:
Foirnéis bhunúsach leictreach 0.025 uas % Foirnéis leictreach aigéadach 0.050 uas %
Teallach oscailte bunúsach 0.040 uas % teallach oscailte aigéadach 0.050 uas %
D Léiríonn an t-íosmhéid agus an t-uasmhéid sulfair steels athshulfurized.
EFéadfaidh an ceannaitheoir na huasmhéideanna seo a leanas a shonrú: copar, 0.30 %; alúmanam, 0.050 %; agus ocsaigin, 0.0015%.
Maoin Mheicniúil
Airíonna Teanntachta tipiciúla, Cruas agus Coinníoll Teirmeach do chuid de na Gráid Charbóin is Coitinne agus Cruach Alloy
CW— Fuar-Oibrithe SR - Faoiseamh ar Strus A - Anáil N - NormalaitheA Seo a leanas na sainmhínithe siombaile do na coinníollacha éagsúla: HR - Hot Rolle
| Grád | Condi- | Deiridh | Toradh | Fadú | Rockwell, | ||||
| Dearadh- | tiontúA | Neart, | Neart, | in 2 in. nó | Cruas | ||||
| náisiún | 50 mm, % | Scála B | |||||||
| ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | ||||||
| 1020 | HR | 50 | 345 | 32 | 221 | 25 | 55 | ||
| CW | 70 | 483 | 60 | 414 | 5 | 75 | |||
| SR | 65 | 448 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 72 | |||
| A | 48 | 331 | 28 | 193 | 30 | 50 | |||
| N | 55 | 379 | 34 | 234 | 22 | 60 | |||
| 1025 | HR | 55 | 379 | 35 | 241 | 25 | 60 | ||
| CW | 75 | 517 | 65 | 448 | 5 | 80 | |||
| SR | 70 | 483 | 55 | 379 | 8 | 75 | |||
| A | 53 | 365 | 30 | 207 | 25 | 57 | |||
| N | 55 | 379 | 36 | 248 | 22 | 60 | |||
| 1035 | HR | 65 | 448 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 72 | ||
| CW | 85 | 586 | 75 | 517 | 5 | 88 | |||
| SR | 75 | 517 | 65 | 448 | 8 | 80 | |||
| A | 60 | 414 | 33 | 228 | 25 | 67 | |||
| N | 65 | 448 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 72 | |||
| 1045 | HR | 75 | 517 | 45 | 310 | 15 | 80 | ||
| CW | 90 | 621 | 80 | 552 | 5 | 90 | |||
| SR | 80 | 552 | 70 | 483 | 8 | 85 | |||
| A | 65 | 448 | 35 | 241 | 20 | 72 | |||
| N | 75 | 517 | 48 | 331 | 15 | 80 | |||
| 1050 | HR | 80 | 552 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 85 | ||
| SR | 82 | 565 | 70 | 483 | 6 | 86 | |||
| A | 68 | 469 | 38 | 262 | 18 | 74 | |||
| N | 78 | 538 | 50 | 345 | 12 | 82 | |||
| 1118 | HR | 50 | 345 | 35 | 241 | 25 | 55 | ||
| CW | 75 | 517 | 60 | 414 | 5 | 80 | |||
| SR | 70 | 483 | 55 | 379 | 8 | 75 | |||
| A | 50 | 345 | 30 | 207 | 25 | 55 | |||
| N | 55 | 379 | 35 | 241 | 20 | 60 | |||
| 1137 | HR | 70 | 483 | 40 | 276 | 20 | 75 | ||
| CW | 80 | 552 | 65 | 448 | 5 | 85 | |||
| SR | 75 | 517 | 60 | 414 | 8 | 80 | |||
| A | 65 | 448 | 35 | 241 | 22 | 72 | |||
| N | 70 | 483 | 43 | 296 | 15 | 75 | |||
| 4130 | HR | 90 | 621 | 70 | 483 | 20 | 89 | ||
| SR | 105 | 724 | 85 | 586 | 10 | 95 | |||
| A | 75 | 517 | 55 | 379 | 30 | 81 | |||
| N | 90 | 621 | 60 | 414 | 20 | 89 | |||
| 4140 | HR | 120 | 855 | 90 | 621 | 15 | 100 | ||
| SR | 120 | 855 | 100 | 689 | 10 | 100 | |||
| A | 80 | 552 | 60 | 414 | 25 | 85 | |||
| N | 120 | 855 | 90 | 621 | 20 | 100 | |||
d
Caoinfhulaingt
Lamháltais Trastomhas Lasmuigh le haghaidh Feadánra Babhta Te-chríochnaitheA,B,C
| Lasmuigh de Raon Méid Trastomhas, | Trastomhas Lasmuigh Caoinfhulaingt, isteach (mm) | |||
| isteach (mm) | Thar | Faoi | ||
| Suas go dtí 2.999 (76.17) | 0.020 (0.51) | 0.020 (0.51) | ||
| 3.000–4.499 (76.20–114.27) | 0.025 (0.64) | 0.025 (0.64) | ||
| 4.500–5.999 (114.30–152.37) | 0.031 (0.79) | 0.031 (0.79) | ||
| 6.000–7.499 (152.40–190.47) | 0.037 (0.94) | 0.037 (0.94) | ||
| 7.500–8.999 (190.50–228.57) | 0.045 (1.14) | 0.045 (1.14) | ||
| 9.000–10.750 (228.60–273.05) | 0. 050 (1.27) | 0. 050 (1.27) | ||
A Níl lamháltais trastomhais infheidhme maidir le coinníollacha normalaithe agus tempered nó Múchadh agus tempered.
B Is é 1 an raon coitianta de mhéideanna feadáin críochnaithe te12 in. (38.1 mm) go 103⁄4 orlach (273.0 mm) trastomhas lasmuigh le tiús balla ar a laghad 3 % nó níos mó den trastomhas seachtrach, ach nach lú ná 0.095 in. (2.41 mm).
C Tá méideanna níos mó ar fáil; téigh i gcomhairle leis an monaróir maidir le méideanna agus lamháltais.
Lamháltais Tiús Balla do Bhabhta Te-Críochnaithe
feadánra
| Tiús Balla | Caoinfhulaingt Tiús Balla,Afaoin gcéad Thar | |||
| Raon mar Céatadán | agus Faoi Ainmfhocal | |||
| of Amuigh | ||||
| Amuigh | Amuigh | Amuigh | ||
| Trastomhas | ||||
| Trastomhas | Trastomhas | Trastomhas | ||
| 2. 999 in. | 3.000 in. | 6.000 isteach. | ||
| (76.19 mm) | (76.20 mm) | (152.40 mm) | ||
| agus níos lú | go 5.999 in | go 10.750 in | ||
| (152.37 mm) | (273.05 mm) | |||
| Faoi 15 | 12.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | |
| 15 agus os a chionn | 10.0 | 7.5 | 10.0 | |
A Ní fhéadfaidh lamháltais tiús balla a bheith infheidhme maidir le ballaí 0.199 isteach (5.05 mm) agus níos lú; téigh i gcomhairle leis an monaróir maidir le lamháltais balla ar mhéideanna feadáin den sórt sin.
gné níos tábhachtaí, ansin ba chóir feadánra fuar-oibrithe a shonrú go dtí trastomhas taobh istigh agus tiús bhalla nó trastomhas lasmuigh agus trastomhas taobh istigh.
Feadánra Meicniúil Garbh-Chompaite — Ní sháróidh an t-athrú ar thrastomhas lasmuigh agus tiús balla an lamháltas sa Tábla. Clúdaíonn an tábla lamháltais mar a chuirtear i bhfeidhm ar thrastomhas lasmuigh agus tiús bhalla agus baineann sé leis an méid sonraithe.
Feadánra Meicniúla Thalmhaithe—Ní rachaidh athrú ar thrastomhas lasmuigh thar na lamháltais sa Tábla. De ghnáth déantar an táirge seo ó fheadán fuar-oibrithe.
Faid - Cuirtear feadáin mheicniúla ar fáil go coitianta i muilinn, 5 troigh (1.5 m) agus os a chionn. Cuirtear faid gearrtha cinnte ar fáil nuair a shonraíonn an ceannaitheoir é. Taispeántar lamháltais faid i dTábla .
Díreach — Ní sháróidh na lamháltais dhíreacha le haghaidh feadánra cruinn gan uaim na méideanna a thaispeántar sa Tábla.
Ceanglas Tástála
Tástáil 1.Hardness
Nuair is gá teorainneacha cruas, rachfar i gcomhairle leis an monaróir. Liostaítear cruasanna tipiciúla i dTábla . Nuair a shonraítear é, déanfar an tástáil cruas ar 1 % de na feadáin.
Tástálacha 2.Tension
Nuair is gá airíonna teanntachta, rachfar i gcomhairle leis an monaróir. Tá airíonna teanntachta tipiciúla do chuid de na gráid is coitianta agus na coinníollacha teirmeacha liostaithe sa tábla.
Tástálacha 3.Nondestructive
Tá cineálacha éagsúla tástálacha ultrasonaic nó leictreamaighnéadacha nondestructive ar fáil. Déanfar an tástáil a úsáidfear agus na teorainneacha iniúchta a bhunú le comhaontú an mhonaróra agus an cheannaitheora.
Tástáil 4.Flaring
Nuair a bhíonn ceanglais speisialta ann maidir le glaineacht cruach, déanfar na modhanna tástála agus na teorainneacha glactha a bhunú le comhaontú an mhonaróra agus an cheannaitheora.
Sonraí Táirge
Píopaí Meicniúla/Ceimiceacha & Leasacháin
GB/T8162-2008
ASTM A519-2006
BS EN 10210-1-2006
ASTM A53/A53M-2012
GB9948-2006
GB6479-2013
