Chubu chosasokoneka cha boiler ndi mtundu wa chubu cha boiler, chomwe chili m'gulu la chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika. Njira yopangira ndi yofanana ndi chubu lopanda msoko, koma pali zofunikira zokhwima pazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chubu chachitsulo. Boiler yokhala ndi chubu yopanda msoko nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, mipope yotentha kwambiri komanso mpweya wamadzi pansi pakuchitapo, zidzachitika makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi dzimbiri. Machubu achitsulo amafunikira kuti akhale ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, kukana kwa ma oxidation corrosion, komanso kukhazikika kwa minofu. Boiler yokhala ndi chubu yopanda msoko imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga machubu othamanga kwambiri komanso okwera kwambiri, chubu chotenthetsera, chubu chowongolera gasi chokhala ndi chubu chopanda msoko, chubu chachikulu cha nthunzi, ndi zina zambiri.

Boiler chubu chotsika komanso chapakatiGB3087-1999, chubu chosasunthika cha boilerGB5310-1999amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitoliro chotsika cha boiler chotenthetsera, chitoliro chamadzi otentha ndi chitoliro chamadzi otentha kwambiri, chitoliro cha utsi, chitoliro chaching'ono chautsi ndi chitoliro cha njerwa chapamwamba cha carbon structural chitsulo chotentha chokulungidwa komanso chozizira ) chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika. Seamless zitsulo chubu kwa kapangidwe (GB/T8162-1999) ndi chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika pamapangidwe ambiri komanso makina amakina. Mafotokozedwe ndi maonekedwe abwino:GB5310-95"Seamless Zitsulo chubu kwa High kuthamanga kukatentha" otentha adagulung'undisa chitoliro awiri 22 ~ 530mm, khoma makulidwe 20 ~ 70mm. The awiri akunja ozizira kukokedwa (ozizira adagulung'undisa) chubu ndi 10 ~ 108mm, ndipo makulidwe khoma ndi 2.0 ~ 13.0mm. Chitoliro chachitsulo chosasinthika chapadera ndi mawu ambiri a chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika cha mawonekedwe ena ozungulira kupatula chitoliro chozungulira. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi kukula kwa gawo zitsulo chitoliro, akhoza kugawidwa mu ofanana khoma makulidwe apadera-woboola pakati zitsulo chitoliro (code kwa D), osalingana khoma makulidwe wapadera woboola pakati zitsulo chitoliro (code kwa BD), variable awiri apadera. -chitoliro chachitsulo chosasinthika (code for BJ). Machubu achitsulo osasunthika apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zida ndi zida zamakina. Poyerekeza ndi chubu chozungulira, chubu chokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mphindi yokulirapo ya inertia ndi gawo modulus, ndipo chimakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kokana kupindika ndi kugwedezeka, komwe kungachepetse kwambiri kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake ndikusunga chitsulo. 4. Mayeso opangidwa ndi Chemical (1)GB3087-82"Seamless zitsulo chubu kwa otsika ndi sing'anga pressure boilers". Njira yoyesera yopangira mankhwala molingana ndi GB222-84 ndi GB223 "Njira Yowunikira Chitsulo ndi Aloyi" gawo loyenera. (2)GB5310-95"Seamless Steel Tube for High pressure boiler" zofunikira. Njira yoyesera yopangira mankhwala imagwirizana ndi magawo ofunikira a GB222-84, Chemical Analysis Method of Steel and Alloy, ndi GB223 Chemical Analysis Method of Steel and Alloy. (3) Kuwunika kwa mankhwala a machubu achitsulo otenthetsera kunja kudzachitidwa molingana ndi mfundo zomwe zafotokozedwa mu mgwirizano. 5 kukatentha ndi opanda msokonezo chubu zitsulo (1) mkulu khalidwe mpweya structural zitsulo zitsulo ndi 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG. (2) aloyi structural zitsulo zitsulo 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoG12CrMoC2Br3Mo1Br, soVSi 2Br ​​3MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoG12CrMoC2Br3Mo1Br. (3) dzimbiri kutentha zosagwira zitsulo ambiri ntchito 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb kukatentha chubu kuwonjezera kuonetsetsa mankhwala zikuchokera ndi katundu makina, kuchita hayidiroliki mayeso muzu ndi mizu, kuchita flaring, flattening mayeso. Machubu achitsulo amaperekedwa m'malo otentha. Kuphatikiza apo, microstructure, kukula kwambewu ndi decarbonization wosanjikiza wa chitoliro chomalizidwa chachitsulo chimafunikanso.

6. Kuyesa kwathupi (1)GB3087-82 "Chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika cha boiler yotsika komanso yapakatikati” zoperekedwa. Kuyesa kwamphamvu molingana ndi GB/T228-87, kuyesa kwa hydraulic molingana ndi GB/T241-90, kuyesa kwa squashing molingana ndi GB/T246-97, kuyesa kwamoto molingana ndi GB/T242-97, kuyesa kupindika kozizira malinga ndi GB24497 (2) GB5310 -95 "Seamless Steel Tube for High pressure boiler” zoperekedwa. Kuyesa kwamphamvu, kuyesa kwa hydrostatic ndi kuyesa kwa flattening ndizofanana ndi GB3087-82; Impact mayeso malinga GB229-94, flaring mayeso malinga GB/T242-97, tirigu kukula mayeso malinga YB/T5148-93; Malinga ndi GB13298-91 pakuwunika kwa minofu ya microscopic, GB224-87 pakuwunika kwa decarbonized layer, komanso molingana ndi GB224-87 ya ultrasonic examinationGB/T5777-96. ku milingo yoyenera yotchulidwa mu mgwirizano.

7. Mkhalidwe waukulu wolowetsa ndi kutumiza kunja

(1) maiko aku Japan, Germany. Nthawi zambiri kuitanitsa specifications 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975 mm; 406.460 mm, ndi zina zotero. Mafotokozedwe ochepera ndi 31.84.5 mm, kutalika kwake nthawi zambiri ndi 5 ~ 8 m. (2) pankhani ya zomwe zatumizidwa kunja, Germany mannesmann seamless boiler chubu, chitoliro cha chitoliro chotumizidwa kunja ST45 ndi kuyesa kwa ultrasonic kalembera, anapeza kuti ochepa mkati zolakwika chitoliro zitsulo kuposa malamulo fakitale ndi mfundo German zitsulo mgwirizano. chabwino, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakutentha kwambiri kutentha kwachitsulo chitoliro. 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 kukhazikitsa muyezo Japanese mafakitale, monga kalasi zitsulo kwa STPA25, mtundu uwu wa zitsulo chitoliro ntchito yofananira ndi kutentha aloyi chubu. High kuthamanga kukatentha kukatentha opanda chubu kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja, (1) mkulu kuthamanga kukatentha kukatentha chubu opanda phokoso maiko akuluakulu otumiza kunja ndi Japan, Germany. Nthawi zambiri kuitanitsa specifications 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975 mm; 406.460 mamilimita ndi zing'onozing'ono monga 31.84.5 mm, kutalika nthawi zambiri ndi 5 ~ 8 m. (2) pankhani ya zomwe zatumizidwa kunja, Germany mannesmann seamless boiler chubu, chitoliro cha chitoliro chotumizidwa kunja ST45 ndi kuyesa kwa ultrasonic kalembera, anapeza kuti ochepa mkati zolakwika chitoliro zitsulo kuposa malamulo fakitale ndi mfundo German zitsulo mgwirizano. chabwino, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakutentha kwambiri kutentha kwachitsulo chitoliro. 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 kukhazikitsa muyezo wa mafakitale aku Japan, monga kalasi yachitsulo ya STPA25. Chitoliro chachitsulo ichi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofananiza ndi chubu cha aloyi kutentha kwambiri.

Njira zopangira machubu opanda msokoMa boiler okhala ndi machubu opanda msoko. Njira zopangira ndi chubu chopanda msoko ndizofanana, koma khalani ndi pempho lolimba la kupanga zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitoliro chachitsulo. Malinga ndi ntchito kutentha akhoza kugawidwa mu awiri ambiri kukatentha chubu ndi kuthamanga kwa boiler chubu.1, mwachidule (1) njira kupanga: (1) ambiri kukatentha moto kutentha chubu pansi 450 ℃, chitoliro zoweta makamaka ntchito 10 , 20 carbon zitsulo otentha adagulung'undisa kapena ozizira kukokedwa chubu kupanga.(2) mkulu kuthamanga kukatentha kukatentha machubu opanda msokonezo machubu nthawi zambiri mu kutentha ndi zinthu kuthamanga kwambiri, pamene ntchito chitoliro pansi pa zochita za kutentha chitoliro mpweya ndi nthunzi madzi, makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi dzimbiri. kuchitika. Zofunikira za chitoliro chachitsulo chokhala ndi mphamvu yoduka kwambiri, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa okosijeni, komanso kukhazikika kwadongosolo.(2) gwiritsani ntchito:(1) chubu chotenthetsera chambiri chopanda msoko chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga chubu lamadzi, chitoliro chamadzi, chubu chotenthetsera cha nthunzi, chowotcha chamoto. chitoliro champhamvu kwambiri cha nthunzi, chitoliro chachikulu ndi chaching'ono ndi njerwa ya chubu, etc.

Kugwiritsa ntchito machubu opanda msoko

(1) ambiri kukawotchera msokonezo chubu makamaka ntchito popanga madzi khoma chubu, madzi chitoliro, superheated nthunzi chubu, locomotive kukatentha kutentha nthunzi chitoliro, chitoliro chachikulu ndi yaing'ono ndi chubu Chipilala njerwa, etc. amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga machubu otenthetsera kwambiri komanso okwera kwambiri, chubu chotenthetsera mpweya, chitoliro chachikulu cha mpweya, ndi zina zotero. . Mawonekedwe abwino: chubu chachitsulo mkati ndi kunja sikuloledwa kukhala ndi mng'alu, kupindika, kupindika, mabala, delamination ndi tsitsi. Zolakwika izi zidzachotsedwa kwathunthu. Chotsani kupatuka koipa, kuya sikudutsa makulidwe odziwika bwino a khoma kuyeretsa mu makulidwe enieni a khoma sikudzakhala kuchepera mtengo wocheperako wa makulidwe a khoma kumaloledwa. Njira yowerengera kulemera kwa chiphunzitso cha boiler yopanda msoko: - makulidwe a khoma (m'mimba mwake) * 0.02466 * makulidwe a khoma.