Njira yochizira kutentha kwa chitoliro chachitsulo imaphatikizapo magulu 5 awa:

1, kuzimitsa + kutentha kwakukulu (komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuzimitsa ndi kutentha)

Chitoliro chachitsulo chimatenthedwa ndi kutentha kozimitsa, kotero kuti mawonekedwe amkati a chitoliro chachitsulo amasandulika kukhala austenite, ndiyeno atakhazikika mofulumira kuposa liwiro lofunika kwambiri lozimitsa, kotero kuti mkati mwa chitoliro chachitsulo chimasandulika kukhala martensite, ndiyeno. kupsya mtima ndi kutentha, potsiriza, dongosolo zitsulo chitoliro ndi kusandulika yunifolomu mtima sopranite.This ndondomeko sangathe kusintha mphamvu ndi kuuma chitoliro zitsulo, komanso organically kuphatikiza mphamvu, plasticity ndi kulimba chitoliro zitsulo.

2, normalizing (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti normalizing)

Pambuyo potenthetsa chitoliro chachitsulo ku kutentha kwa kutentha, mkati mwa chitoliro chachitsulo chimasandulika kukhala austenite, ndiyeno njira yochizira kutentha imakhazikika ndi mpweya ngati sing'anga. , bainite, martensite, kapena chisakanizo cha them.This ndondomeko osati yeretsani njere, yunifolomu zikuchokera, kuthetsa nkhawa, komanso kusintha kuuma chitoliro zitsulo ndi ntchito yake kudula.

Normalizing + kutentha

Chitsulo chubu ndi usavutike mtima kwa kutentha normalizing, kuti dongosolo mkati mwa chubu chitsulo kwathunthu kusandulika mu austenite dongosolo, ndiyeno utakhazikika mu mlengalenga, ndiyeno tempered. + bainite, kapena tempered bainite, kapena tempered martensite, kapena tempered sortensite. Njirayi imatha kukhazikika mkati mwa chitoliro chachitsulo ndikuwongolera pulasitiki ndi kulimba kwake.

4 ,kubweza

Ndi njira yochizira kutentha yomwe chubu chachitsulo chimatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwa annealing ndikusungidwa kwa nthawi inayake, kenako kuzirala mpaka kutentha kwina ndi ng'anjo.Kuchepetsa kuuma kwa chitoliro chachitsulo, kuwongolera pulasitiki yake, kuti zithandizire wotsatira. kudula kapena ozizira mapindikidwe processing; Yenga mbewu, kuthetsa zolakwika microstructure, yunifolomu kapangidwe mkati ndi zikuchokera, kusintha ntchito ya chitoliro zitsulo kapena kukonzekera wotsatira ndondomeko; Chotsani nkhawa mkati chitoliro zitsulo kupewa mapindikidwe kapena akulimbana.

5. Chithandizo chamankhwala

Chitsulo chubu ndi mkangano kwa kutentha yankho, kuti carbides ndi zinthu alloying mokwanira ndi uniformly kusungunuka mu austenite, ndiyeno chubu chitsulo utakhazikika mwamsanga, kuti mpweya ndi alloying zinthu alibe nthawi precipitate, ndi ndondomeko kutentha mankhwala. wa dongosolo limodzi austenite ndi obtain.Function ya ndondomekoyi: yunifolomu mkati kapangidwe zitsulo chitoliro, yunifolomu zikuchokera zitsulo chitoliro; Kuthetsa kuumitsa m`kati processing kuti atsogolere wotsatira ozizira mapindikidwe processing; Bwezerani kukana dzimbiri zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.