Tchuthi chatha, tayambiranso ntchito yabwinobwino. Zikomo chifukwa chothandizidwa ndi tchuthi. Tsopano, tikuyembekezera kupitiriza kukupatsirani ntchito zabwino komanso zapamwamba kwambiri.
Misika yamasika ikamasintha, tazindikira kuti mitengo yapitilizabe kukwerera posachedwa. Kuti tiwonetsetse kuti titha kupitiliza kupereka zinthu zapamwamba komanso ntchito zapamwamba, mitengo ya madongosolo ena ingafunike kusintha.
Chifukwa chake, tikukupemphani kuti mumvere zinthu zotsatirazi mukamayika:
1. Kuyankhulana Nthawi: Ngati muli ndi dongosolo lomwe likukambirana kapena litatsala pang'ono kupakidwa, chonde lemberani timu yathu posachedwa kuti mutsimikizire zambiri zamitengo.
2. Kusintha kwa mtengo: Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa msika, mtengo wa madongosolo ena atha kusintha. Tiyesetsa kwambiri kuti mtengo ukhale wololera ndikusintha nthawi yake malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
3. Kulimbikitsa ndi Kuthandiza: Ndife odzipereka kuti tisamalire ndi kusintha kwa mitengo. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mukufuna zambiri, chonde khalani omasuka kulumikizana nafe.
Chitoliro chachitsulo chosawoneka ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda ma weds, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda yamafakitale. Zithunzi zake zazikulu ndi kupanikizika kolimba mtima, kukana kokwanira kuwonongeka, komanso kulimba kwambiri, motero zimagwira bwino ntchito zapadera monga kukakamizidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kupanga mapaipi achitsulo opanda zisoti kumagawidwa m'masitepe angapo, ndipo kuwongolera kokhazikika kumachitika kuchokera ku zosankhika kwazinthu zomaliza.
Njira Zopangira
Kupanga kwa mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka bwino kumayamba ndi ma billets ozungulira. Ma billet achitsulo ozungulira amatenthedwa pafupifupi 1200 ℃ mu ng'anjo yotentha ndikulowetsa kutentha kotentha. Njira yopondera imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola kuti abowole ma billets a chitsulo kuti apange chubu cha chubu billet ndi bowo mkati. Gawo ili limatsimikiza mawonekedwe oyamba a chitolirochi ndipo amawonetsetsa kuti ndiye mphamvu ya chitoliro chachitsulo.
Kenako, tube tubu Billet imakulitsidwanso ndikupangidwa kudzera munjira yogudubuza. Kutentha, kupanikizika ndi liwiro pakugwedezeka kumafunikira kuwongolera kuti zitsimikizire kukula kwake, khoma lakuthwa limafanana ndi mawonekedwe a chitsulo.
Pambuyo popanga, chitoliro chachitsulo chikufunika kudutsa pamazizira komanso kuwongoka. Kuzizira ndikuchepetsa chitolirocho kuchokera kutentha kwambiri mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda kuti mutsimikizire kukhazikika kwa zinthu zodziwika bwino. Kuwongola ndikuchotsa kugwada kapena kusokoneza kwina komwe kumatha kuchitika pakupanga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chitoliro.
Pomaliza, chipika chachitsulo chikufunikanso kuyeserera kokhazikika ndi kukonza. Mayeso awa amaphatikizanso kupezeka kwapa akupanga, kupezeka kwa Eddy, edc. Mapaipi ena osawonekawo adzagwirira ntchito njira zamankhwala monga kutola ndi phula lowonjezera kukana kwawo.
Kusamala pakugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka
Monga mphamvu zapamwamba, zolimbana ndi zovuta komanso zowonongeka, mapaipi achitsulo osachizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mafuta a petroleum, mankhwala, mphamvu yamagetsi, makina ndi mafakitale ena. Komabe, ngakhale anali kuchitapo kanthu kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito molondola komanso kukonza ndi kusanthula kuti muwonetsetse kuti ali ndi mwayi wogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali. Izi ndizosasamala kwa mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka:
1. Sankhani zinthu zoyenera ndi zolembera
Mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka amapezeka m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kusankha chinthu choyenera malinga ndi pulogalamu inayake. Mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana (monga kukakamiza, kutentha, kuwononga sing'anga, etc.) kukhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pazikuto zopanda zipilala zachitsulo zopanda pake. Mwachitsanzo, mukamayendetsa makanema otentha kwambiri, mapaipi achitetezo otentha ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito; M'dera loipa kwambiri, mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka bwino opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena zinthu zina zosagonjetsedwa kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, musanagule, muyenera kumvetsetsa magawo aluso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ziphuphu zachitsulo kuti zipewe ngozi zotetezedwa chifukwa cha kusankha zinthu mosayenera.
2. Yang'anirani njira yolumikizira paipi pokhazikitsa
Popeza matumbo achitsulo osawoneka alibe ma weds, kukhulupirika kwawo kuli bwino, koma njira yolumikizira iyenera kukhala yomveka mukakhazikitsa. Njira zolumikizira zolumikizira zimaphatikizapo kulumikizana kwa cholekani, kulumikizana ndi kuwotcherera. Kupanikizika kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuwonjeza kumafunikira kusamala kwambiri, ndipo mtundu wa weld umakhudza mwachindunji moyo wa pa mapaipi. Chifukwa chake, pomanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti akatswiri amagwira ntchito kuti awonetsetse kuti kuwotcha ndi yunifolomu, popanda ming'alu ndi ming'alu.
3. Kuyendera pafupipafupi ndi kukonza
Ngakhale matumbo achitsulo opanda chitsulo alibe chipongwe chachikulu komanso kulimba kwambiri, amafunikirabe kuyesedwa ndikusungidwa nthawi zonse panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito, kutentha kwambiri kapena madera ochulukirapo. Mapaipi amayang'aniridwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukokoloka kwapakatikati, ndi ming'alu yaying'ono kapena malo otupa amatha kuwonekera. Kuyesa pafupipafupi kwa akupanga, kuyezetsa ndi kuyezetsa kumatha kumvetsetsa zoopsa zobisika munthawi komanso kupewa ngozi zazikulu.
4. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri
Mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka bwino amakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zidapangidwa kwambiri komanso kutentha koyenera. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, miyezo yoyenera komanso malamulo ayenera kutsatiridwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso kudzayambitsa kuphatikizika kwa chitolirocho, kuchepetsedwa mphamvu, ngakhale kukwiya kapena kusokonezeka. Chifukwa chake, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuwunika mosamalitsa ntchito yogwira ntchito ndi kutentha kwa mapaipi kuti akwaniritse zomwe zimagwira ntchito moyenera.
5. Pewani kuwonongeka kwa makina akunja
Nthawi yoyendera, kusamalira ndi kuyika, mapaipi achitsulo omwe amatha kugwera kunja komanso kukangana kwadzidzidzi, komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe komanso kukhudza mphamvu zawo zonse. Chifukwa chake, pogwirira ntchito ndi kusunga, njira zotchinga ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kulumikizana ndi zinthu zakuthwa, ndipo musakokere chitoliro cha zipilala zokhala ndi zowonda.
6. Pewani chofufumitsa chamkati kuchokera pakukula kapena kubisala
Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, sing'anga mu mapaipi akhoza kuyikapo kuti apange madzi osanjikiza, makamaka akamapereka madzi, nthunzi kapena makanema ena omwe amakonda kubisa. Kukula pa khoma lamkati mwa mapaipi kudzakulitsa kukana kwamkati kwa mapaipi, kuchepetsa mphamvu, ndipo ngakhale kuyambitsa block. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa nthawi zonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyeretsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pakafunika kutero.