Mukakumana ndi dongosolo lomwe likufunika kupangidwa, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kudikirira nthawi yopanga, yomwe imasiyanasiyana kuyambira masiku 3-5 mpaka masiku 30-45, ndipo tsiku loperekera liyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi kasitomala kuti onsewo athe kufikira. mgwirizano.

Kapangidwe ka mipope yachitsulo chosasunthika makamaka kumaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kukonzekera Billet
Zopangira za mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika ndi zitsulo zozungulira kapena ingots, nthawi zambiri zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za carbon kapena chitsulo chochepa. Billet imatsukidwa, pamwamba pake imayang'aniridwa ngati ili ndi zolakwika, ndikudula kutalika kofunikira.

2. Kutentha
Billet imatumizidwa ku ng'anjo yotentha kuti itenthedwe, nthawi zambiri pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 1200 ℃. Kutentha kwa yunifolomu kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa panthawi yowotcha kuti njira yotsatira yoboola ipitirire bwino.

3. Kuboola
Billet yotenthedwa imaphwanyidwa ndi perforator kuti ipange chubu chopanda kanthu. Njira yowonongeka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi "oblique rolling perforation", yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma roller awiri ozungulira ozungulira kuti akankhire billet patsogolo pamene akuizungulira, kuti pakati pakhale phokoso.

4. Kugudubuza (kutambasula)
The perforated akhakula chitoliro anatambasula ndi kakulidwe ndi zosiyanasiyana anagudubuza zida. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala njira ziwiri:

Njira yogudubuza mosalekeza: Gwiritsani ntchito mphero yogudubuza ma pass-multi-pass kuti mugubuduze mosalekeza kuti pang'onopang'ono muonjezere chitoliro choyipa ndikuchepetsa makulidwe a khoma.

Njira yojambulira chitoliro: Gwiritsani ntchito mandrel kuthandiza kutambasula ndikugudubuza kuwongolera ma diameter amkati ndi akunja a chitoliro chachitsulo.

5. Kukula ndi kuchepetsa
Kuti akwaniritse kukula kwake komwe kumafunikira, chitoliro cholimba chimakonzedwa mu mphero kapena mphero yochepetsera. Kupyolera mu kugubuduza kosalekeza ndi kutambasula, m'mimba mwake ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro zimasinthidwa.

6. Chithandizo cha kutentha
Pofuna kukonza makina a chitoliro chachitsulo ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kwamkati, kupanga nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo njira yochizira kutentha monga normalizing, tempering, quenching kapena annealing. Sitepe iyi ikhoza kusintha kulimba ndi kulimba kwa chitoliro chachitsulo.

7. Kuwongola ndi kudula
Chitoliro chachitsulo pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha chikhoza kupindika ndipo chiyenera kuwongoleredwa ndi wowongoka. Pambuyo kuwongola, chitoliro chachitsulo chimadulidwa mpaka kutalika kofunikira ndi kasitomala.

8. Kuyendera
Mipope yachitsulo yopanda msoko iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo izi:

Kuyang'anira maonekedwe: Onetsetsani ngati pali ming'alu, zolakwika, ndi zina zotero pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.
Kuyang'anira kukula: Yesani ngati m'mimba mwake, makulidwe a khoma ndi kutalika kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chikukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Kuyang'anira katundu wakuthupi: monga kuyesa kwamphamvu, kuyesa kwamphamvu, kuyesa kuuma, ndi zina.
Kuyeza kosawononga: Gwiritsani ntchito ma ultrasound kapena X-ray kuti muwone ngati pali ming'alu kapena ma pores mkati.
9. Kuyika ndi kutumiza
Pambuyo podutsa kuyendera, chitoliro chachitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anti-corrosion ndi anti- dzimbiri mankhwala monga kufunikira, ndikunyamula ndi kutumizidwa.

Kupyolera m'masitepe omwe ali pamwambawa, mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika omwe amapangidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumafuta, gasi, mankhwala, boilers, galimoto, ndege ndi madera ena, ndipo amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zazikulu, kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso makina abwino.