Chitoliro chopanda chitsulo chosasinthika (GB/T8162-2008) amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zonse komanso makina opangira chitoliro chopanda chitsulo.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga machubu opanda zitsulo zamapaipi, zotengera, zida, zopangira ndi makina amakina

Kumanga: kamangidwe ka holo, sea trestle, kapangidwe ka ndege, doko, chitseko chachitetezo, chitseko cha garaja, zitseko zomangirira zitsulo ndi Windows, khoma lamkati lamkati, kapangidwe ka mlatho ndi alonda amsewu, njanji, zokongoletsera, zogona, mapaipi okongoletsa.

Zigawo zamagalimoto: kupanga magalimoto ndi mabasi, zida zoyendera

Ulimi: Zida zaulimi

Makampani: Makina, Thandizo la Solar, gawo lamafuta am'mphepete mwa nyanja, zida zamigodi, zida zamakina ndi zamagetsi, Umisiri, migodi, zolemetsa ndi zothandizira, Umisiri wazinthu, kukonza zinthu, zida zamakina

Mayendedwe: njanji za oyenda pansi, njanji zachitetezo, masikweya nyumba, zikwangwani, zida zamsewu, mipanda

Kusungirako zinthu: mashelufu akusitolo, mipando, zida zapasukulu

Main kalasi ya zitsulo chitoliro

Q345, 15CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, A53A, A53B, SA53A, SA53B

Kukula kwa chubu chosasunthika komanso kupatuka kovomerezeka

Chubu chachitsulo cha carbon (GB/8162-2008)

Chitoliro chachitsulo chamtunduwu nthawi zambiri chimasungunuka ndi chosinthira kapena chotseguka, zopangira zake zazikulu ndi chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chitsulo chosungunula, zomwe zili sulfure ndi phosphorous muzitsulo ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa chitoliro chachitsulo chapamwamba cha carbon structural chitsulo, nthawi zambiri sulfure ≤0.050 %, phosphorous ≤0.045%. Zomwe zili muzinthu zina zophatikizira, monga chromium, faifi tambala ndi mkuwa, zomwe zimabweretsedwa muzitsulo ndi zida zopangira nthawi zambiri siziposa 0,30%. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi ntchito zofunika, kalasi ya mtundu uwu wa chitoliro structural zitsulo zikusonyezedwa ndi zitsulo kalasi Q195, Q215A, B, Q235A, B, C, D, Q255A, B, Q275 ndi zina zotero.

Zindikirani: "Q" ndi zilembo zaku China zotulutsa zokolola "qu", zotsatiridwa ndi zokolola zochepa (σ S) mtengo wa giredi, kutsatiridwa ndi chizindikiro molingana ndi zinthu zodetsedwa (sulfure, phosphorous) zomwe zili pamwamba mpaka pansi. ndi kusintha kwa zinthu za carbon ndi manganese, zogawidwa m'magulu anayi A, B, C, D.

Mtundu uwu wa structural zitsulo chitoliro linanena bungwe lalikulu, ntchito ndi lalikulu kwambiri, zambiri adagulung'undisa mu mbale, mbiri (wozungulira, lalikulu, lathyathyathya, ntchito, poyambira, ngodya, etc.) ndi mbiri ndi kupanga kuwotcherera zitsulo chitoliro. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamisonkhano, mlatho, sitima ndi zomangira zina komanso mapaipi oyendera madzi ambiri. Chitsulo chamtunduwu nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanda chithandizo cha kutentha.

Low aloyi mkulu mphamvu structural chitsulo chitoliro (GB/T8162-2008)

Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa silicon kapena manganese, mapaipi achitsulo amakhala ndi zinthu zina zoyenera ku China. Monga vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), titaniyamu (Ti), aluminiyamu (Al), molybdenum (Mo), nayitrogeni (N), ndi zinthu zosawerengeka za nthaka (RE). Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi ntchito zofunikira, kalasi yake imayimiridwa ndi Q295A, B, Q345A, B, C, D, E, Q390A, B, C, D, E, Q420A, B, C, D, E, Q460C, D , E ndi makalasi ena zitsulo, ndipo tanthauzo lake ndi chimodzimodzi ndi mpweya structural zitsulo chitoliro.

Kuphatikiza pa chitsulo cha giredi A ndi B, zitsulo za giredi C, GRADE D ndi Grade E ziyenera kukhala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zoyengedwa bwino za tirigu monga V, Nb, Ti ndi Al. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo zitsulo, zitsulo za A, B zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku chimodzi mwa izo. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zotsalira za Cr, Ni ndi Cu ndizochepera 0.30%. Q345A, B, C, D, E ndi oimira zitsulo zamtundu uwu, zomwe A, B kalasi yachitsulo nthawi zambiri imatchedwa 16Mn; Zoposa chinthu chimodzi chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku giredi C ndi pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo, ndipo chinthu chimodzi chotsika kwambiri cha kutentha chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku makina ake.

Chiŵerengero cha mtundu uwu wa structural zitsulo chitoliro kwa mpweya structural zitsulo. Ili ndi maubwino amphamvu kwambiri, magwiridwe antchito abwino, moyo wautali wautumiki, kuchuluka kwa ntchito komanso chuma chofananira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu Bridges, zombo, ma boilers, magalimoto ndi nyumba zofunika kwambiri zomanga.