Ishubhu elingenamthungo le-boiler liwuhlobo lweshubhu lokubhayela, eliyingxenye yeshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo. Indlela yokukhiqiza iyafana neshubhu engenamthungo, kodwa kunezidingo eziqinile ensimbi esetshenziswa ekwenzeni ishubhu lensimbi. I-boiler ene-tube engenamthungo ivame ukusetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nezimo zokucindezela okuphezulu, amapayipi egesi yokushisa ephezulu ye-flue kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi ngaphansi kwesenzo, kuzokwenzeka i-oxidation kanye nokugqwala. Amashubhu ensimbi adingeka ukuze abe namandla ahlala isikhathi eside, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwe-oxidation, nokuzinza okuhle kwezicubu. I-boiler eneshubhu engenamthungo isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza umfutho ophezulu kanye neshubhu ye-boiler ye-ultra-high pressure superheater, ishubhu yokufudumeza kabusha, i-gas guide boiler eneshubhu engenamthungo, ishubhu yesitimu esikhulu, njll.

Ishubhu le-boiler enengcindezi ephansi naphakathiI-GB3087-1999, i-boiler tube engenamthungoI-GB5310-1999isetshenziselwa ukwakha izinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo zepayipi le-low pressure boiler elishisa kakhulu, ipayipi lamanzi abilayo kanye nepayipi le-locomotive boiler elishisa kakhulu, ipayipi lentuthu, ipayipi elincane lentuthu kanye nepayipi lepayipi lezitini le-arch lekhwalithi ephezulu yensimbi yensimbi eshisayo egoqiwe futhi idonswe ukubanda (igoqiwe. ) ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo. Ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo lesakhiwo (I-GB/T8162-1999) iyishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo yesakhiwo esijwayelekile kanye nesakhiwo somshini. Imininingwane nekhwalithi yokubukeka:I-GB5310-95“Ithubhu Lensimbi Elingenamthungo le-High pressure boiler” elishisayo eligoqiwe ububanzi bepayipi elingu-22~530mm, ukujiya kodonga 20~70mm. Ububanzi bangaphandle beshubhu elibandayo elidonswe (eligoqekile elibandayo) lingu-10~108mm, futhi ukujiya kodonga kungu-2.0~13.0mm. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elimise okukhethekile yitemu elivamile lepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo lamanye amajamo ahlukene ngaphandle kwepayipi eliyindilinga. Ngokwesimo esihlukile nosayizi wesigaba sepayipi lensimbi, lingahlukaniswa libe ukujiya okulingana odongeni ipayipi lensimbi emise okukhethekile (ikhodi D), ukushuba okungalingani kodonga olumise okwesipesheli lwepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo (ikhodi ye-BD), ububanzi obuguquguqukayo obukhethekile. -ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elimise (ikhodi ye-BJ). Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo akhethekile asetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zesakhiwo, amathuluzi nezingxenye zemishini. Uma kuqhathaniswa neshubhu eliyindilinga, ishubhu elimise okukhethekile ngokuvamile linesikhathi esikhudlwana se-inertia kanye ne-modulus yesigaba, futhi linamandla amakhulu okumelana nokugoba kanye ne-torsion, enganciphisa kakhulu isisindo sesakhiwo futhi yonge insimbi. 4. Ukuhlolwa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali (1)I-GB3087-82Izinhlinzeko ze-“seamless steel tube for low and medium pressure boiler” izinhlinzeko. Indlela yokuhlola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngokuya nge-GB222-84 kanye ne-GB223 “Indlela Yokuhlaziya Amakhemikhali Ensimbi Nengxubevange” ingxenye efanele. (2)I-GB5310-95Izinhlinzeko ze-“Seamless Steel Tube for High pressure boiler”. Indlela yokuhlola yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ihambisana nezingxenye ezifanele ze-GB222-84, Indlela Yokuhlaziya Amakhemikhali Yensimbi Nengxubevange, kanye ne-GB223 Chemical Analysis Method yensimbi ne-alloy. (3) Ukuhlolwa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwamashubhu ensimbi kabhayela angenisiwe kuzokwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezifanele ezishiwo kwinkontileka. I-boiler engu-5 eneshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo (1) insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural steel ingu-20G, 20MnG, 25MnG. (2) ingxubevange yensimbi yesakhiwo engu-15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoG12CrMoCr2Br3MoCr3MoCr3MoCr3MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoCr2Br3MoCr3Br, 3MoCr3Br kanye ne-3MoVG. (3) ukugqwala ukumelana nokushisa kwensimbi evame ukusetshenziswa 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb kubhayela tube ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, ukwenza i-hydraulic test impande ngempande, ukwenza ukuvutha, ukuhlolwa kokucaba. Amashubhu ensimbi alethwa esimweni sokuphathwa ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-microstructure, usayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nongqimba lwe-decarbonization wepayipi lensimbi eliqediwe liyadingeka.

6. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komzimba(1)GB3087-82 “Ishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo ye-boiler yokucindezela okuphansi nokuphakathi” amalungiselelo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile ngokuya nge-GB/T228-87, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic ngokusho kwe-GB/T241-90, ukuhlolwa kwe-squashing ngokusho kwe-GB/T246-97, ukuhlolwa kwe-flaring ngokusho kwe-GB/T242-97, ukuhlolwa okugoba okubandayo ngokusho kwe-GB24497(2)GB5310 -95 "I-Seamless Steel Tube ye-boiler ye-High pressure” amalungiselelo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tensile, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-flatening kuyafana ne-GB3087-82; Ukuhlolwa komthelela ngokuya nge-GB229-94, ukuhlolwa kwe-flaring ngokuya nge-GB/T242-97, ukuhlolwa kosayizi wokusanhlamvu ngokuya nge-YB/T5148-93; Ngokuya nge-GB13298-91 yokuhlolwa kwezicubu ezincanyana, i-GB224-87 yokuhlolwa kongqimba obukhishwe yi-carbonized, futhi ngokusho kwe-GB224-87 yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonicGB/T5777-96.(3) Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komzimba kanye nezinkomba zamashubhu obhayela angenisiwe kuzokwenziwa ngokuvumelana kumazinga afanele abalulwe kwinkontileka.

7. Isimo esikhulu sokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle

(1) I-high pressure boiler boiler emazweni angenayo i-seamless tube yi-Japan, Germany. Ngokuvamile ngenisa imininingwane ye-15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975mm; 406.460 mm, njll. Ubuncane bokucaciswa bungu-31.84.5 mm, ubude buvamise ukuba ngu-5 ~ 8 m.(2) esimeni sesimangalo esingenisiwe, ishubhu lokubhayela elingenamthungo lase-Germany mannesmann, isigayo samapayipi esingeniswe ngaphandle kwe-ST45 ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic yokubalwa kwabantu, kutholwe ukuthi inani elincane lokukhubazeka kwangaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi ngaphezu kwemithetho yefekthri kanye nezindinganiso zenhlangano yensimbi yaseJalimane.(3) evela eJalimane ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe elingenisiwe, izinga lensimbi lingu-34 crmo4 no-12 crmov, njll. kuhle, okuvamise ukusetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphezulu kubhayela ipayipi lensimbi.(4) ithubhu yengxubevange elandwe lisuka eJapan ngaphezulu, imininingwane mm5 426.012 ~ 8 m; 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 ukuqaliswa kwezinga lezimboni zase-Japan, njengebanga lensimbi le-STPA25, lolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elisetshenziselwa ukumatanisa neshubhu yengxubevange yokushisa ephezulu.Ukungenisa nokuthekelisa kweshubhu elinomfutho ophakeme,(1) ishubhu ebhayela yokucindezela okukhulu engenamthungo amazwe amakhulu angenisa impahla ngaphandle yiJapan, Germany. Ngokuvamile ngenisa imininingwane ye-15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975mm; 406.460 mm izicaciso ezincane kakhulu ezifana no-31.84.5 mm, ubude buvamise ukuba ngu-5 ~ 8 m.(2) esimeni sesimangalo esingenisiwe, i-German mannesmann boiler tube tube, isigayo samapayipi esingeniswe ngaphandle kwe-ST45 ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic yokubalwa kwabantu, kutholwe ukuthi inani elincane lokukhubazeka kwangaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi ngaphezu kwemithetho yefekthri kanye nezindinganiso zenhlangano yensimbi yaseJalimane.(3) evela eJalimane ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe elingenisiwe, izinga lensimbi lingu-34 crmo4 no-12 crmov, njll. kuhle, okuvamise ukusetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphezulu kubhayela ipayipi lensimbi.(4) ishubhu yengxubevange elandwe lisuka eJapan ngaphezulu, imininingwane mm5 426.012 ~ 8 m; 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 ukuqaliswa kwezinga lezimboni zase-Japan, njengebanga lensimbi le-STPA25. Lolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elisetshenziselwa ukufanisa neshubhu yengxubevange yokushisa ephezulu.

I-boiler izindlela zokukhiqiza ishubhu engenamthungoI-boiler enohlobo lweshubhu engenamthungo. Izindlela zokukhiqiza kanye neshubhu engenamthungo ziyefana, kodwa yiba nesicelo esiqinile sokukhiqiza insimbi esetshenziswa epayipini lensimbi. Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa zingahlukaniswa zibe amashubhu amabili okubhayela jikelele kanye neshubhu lokubhayela elinomfutho ophakeme.1, isifinyezo se(1) indlela yokukhiqiza:(1) izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile likabhayela elingenamthungo elingaphansi kuka-450 ℃, ipayipi elifuywayo ikakhulukazi lisebenzisa i-10 , 20 carbon steel hot hot roll rolled or cold drawn tube.(2) umfutho ophezulu kubhayela amashubhu angenamthungo avame ukuba kumazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo zokucindezela okukhulu, lapho kusetshenziswa ipayipi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushisa okuphezulu kwegesi ephumayo kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi, i-oxidation kanye nokugqwala kwenzeke. Izimfuneko zepayipi lensimbi elinamandla amakhulu okuqhekeka, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwe-oxidation, futhi libe nokusimama okuhle kwenhlangano.(2) sebenzisa:(1) ishubhu elivamile elingenamthungo likabhayela lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza ishubhu eludongeni lwamanzi, ipayipi lamanzi, ishubhu yesitimu esishisa kakhulu, ibhayela lesitimela. ipayipi lesitimu esishisa kakhulu, ipayipi elikhulu nelincane kanye nesitini se-tube arch, njll.(2) ishubhu elingenamthungo likabhayela elinomfutho ophezulu lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakha amashubhu okushisa okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu kakhulu, ishubhu yokufudumeza kabusha, ipayipi lesitimu esikhulu somzila womoya, njll.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-boiler tube engenamthungo

(1) ishubhu elivamile le-boiler elingenamthungo lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza ishubhu yodonga lwamanzi, ipayipi lamanzi, ishubhu yesitimu esishisa kakhulu, ipayipi lesitimela esishisayo esishisayo, ipayipi elikhulu nelincane nesitini se-arch, njll. esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amashubhu kabhayela we-high-pressure kanye ne-ultrahigh-pressure boiler superheater, ishubhu yokufudumeza, ipayipi lesitimu elikhulu lomzila womoya, njll.(3) GB3087-82 amashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo ephansi ye-GB3087-82 kanye ne-GB5310-95 “high pressure boiler yensimbi engenamthungo” . Ikhwalithi yokubukeka: ishubhu lensimbi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo ayivunyelwe ukuba nokuqhekeka, ukugoqa, ukugoqa, izibazi, i-delamination kanye nezinwele. Lezi ziphambeko zizosuswa ngokuphelele. Khipha ukuchezuka okuyinegethivu, ukujula akumele kudlule ukushuba kodonga okulingene ukuhlanzwa kugqinsi lwangempela lodonga akumele kube ngaphansi kwenani eliphansi lokujiya kodonga elivunyelwe.Indlela yokubala isisindo sethiyori yeshubhu lebhayela engenamthungo: – ukushuba kodonga (ububanzi) * 0.02466 * ukujiya kodonga.