Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwepayipi lensimbi ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa izigaba ezi-5 ezilandelayo:

1, ukucisha + izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (okwaziwa nangokuthi ukucisha kanye nokushisa)

Ipayipi lensimbi lishiswa ekushiseni okucishayo, ukuze isakhiwo sangaphakathi sepayipi yensimbi siguqulwe sibe yi-austenite, bese sipholile ngokushesha kunesivinini esibucayi sokucima, ukuze isakhiwo sangaphakathi sepayipi yensimbi siguqulwe sibe martensite, bese ethukuthele ngokushisa okuphezulu, ekugcineni, isakhiwo sepayipi yensimbi siguqulwa sibe yi-uniform tempered sopranite.Le nqubo ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa amandla nobulukhuni bepayipi yensimbi, kodwa futhi ihlanganisa ngokuphilayo amandla, ipulasitiki kanye nokuqina kwepayipi yensimbi.

2, normalizing (owaziwa nangokuthi normalizing)

Ngemuva kokushisa ipayipi yensimbi ekushiseni okujwayelekile, isakhiwo sangaphakathi sepayipi yensimbi siguqulwa ngokuphelele sibe yisakhiwo se-austenite, bese inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ipholile ngomoya njenge-medium.Ngemva kokujwayelekile, izakhiwo zensimbi ezahlukene zingatholakala, njenge-pearlite. , i-bainite, i-martensite, noma ingxube yazo.Le nqubo ayikwazi nje ukulungisa okusanhlamvu, ukwakheka okufanayo, ukuqeda ukucindezeleka, kodwa futhi ithuthukise ubulukhuni bepayipi yensimbi nokusebenza kwayo kokusika.

I-normalizing + tempering

Ishubhu lensimbi lishiselwa ekushiseni okujwayelekile, ukuze isakhiwo sangaphakathi seshubhu lensimbi siguqulwe ngokuphelele sibe yisakhiwo se-austenite, bese sipholiswa emoyeni, bese siyathukuthela.Isakhiwo sepayipi lensimbi sine-ferrite + pearlite, noma i-ferrite. + bainite, noma tempered bainite, noma tempered martensite, noma tempered sortensite.Inqubo ingakwazi ukuzinzisa isakhiwo sangaphakathi sepayipi lensimbi futhi ithuthukise ipulasitiki nokuqina kwayo.

4 , ukuthunga

Kuyinqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa lapho ishubhu lensimbi lishiselwa khona ukuze lifinyelele izinga lokushisa le-annealing futhi ligcinwe isikhathi esithile, bese lipholisa phansi ekushiseni okuthile ngesithando somlilo.Yehlisa ubulukhuni bepayipi lensimbi, uthuthukise ipulasitiki yayo, ukuze kube lula okulandelayo. ukusika noma ukucutshungulwa okubandayo;Coca okusanhlamvu, susa amaphutha e-microstructure, ukwakheka okufanayo kwangaphakathi nokwakheka, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwepayipi lensimbi noma lungiselela inqubo elandelayo;Susa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka noma ukuqhekeka.

5. Ukwelashwa kwesixazululo

I-tube yensimbi ishiselwa ekushiseni kwesisombululo, ukuze i-carbides kanye nezakhi ze-alloying zihlakazwe ngokugcwele futhi ngokulinganayo ku-austenite, bese ithubhu yensimbi ipholiswe ngokushesha, ukuze i-carbon ne-alloying izakhi zingabi nesikhathi sokushona, kanye nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa. kwesakhiwo esisodwa se-austenite siyatholakala.Umsebenzi wenqubo: ukwakheka okufanayo kwangaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi, ukwakheka okufanayo kwepayipi lensimbi;Susa ukuqina ohlelweni lokucubungula ukuze kube lula ukucutshungulwa kokushintsha okubandayo okwalandela;Buyisela ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali.