Ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo liyinsimbi eyindilinga, eyisikwele, engunxande enengxenye engenalutho futhi ayikho imithungo ezungezile.Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo enziwe ngezingotshi noma amabhilidi aqinile abhoboze amashubhu e-capillary abese egoqwa ashisayo, agoqeke abandayo noma adonswe ngokubanda.

Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elinengxenye engenalutho, inani elikhulu lamapayipi asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa uketshezi, Emandleni okugoba nawokuxukuza ngesikhathi esifanayo,Ukuqhathanisa ipayipi lensimbi nensimbi eyindilinga kanye nezinye insimbi eqinile.Isisindo sepayipi lensimbi silula, kuwuhlobo lwezomnotho. ingxenye yensimbi, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye zesakhiwo kanye nezingxenye zemishini, njengokumba insimbi kawoyela.

Ukukhiqizwa kweshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo kunomlando weminyaka ecishe ibe yi-100. Abazalwane baseJalimane baseManismann baqala ukusungula isibhakela esinama-roll-rolling-rolling ngo-1885, base besungula umshini wokugoqa amapayipi ngezikhathi ezithile ngo-1891, futhi i-RCStiefel yaseSwitzerland yasungula umshini wokugoqa wamapayipi ozishintshayo. owaziwa nangokuthi umshini wokugingqika wamapayipi aphezulu) ngo-1903, kanye nemishini ehlukahlukene yokunweba, njengomshini oqhubekayo wamapayipi kanye nomshini wokuphusha amapayipi, yaqala ukwakha imboni yesimanje yamapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo. yamukelwa.

I-Extrusion press kanye nezikhathi ezithile ezibandayo ezigoqayo zithuthukisa ukuhlukahluka kanye nekhwalithi yamashubhu ensimbi.Ngawo-1960, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komshini wokugaya amapayipi oqhubekayo, ukuvela kwe-punch ye-roll-roll, ikakhulukazi impumelelo yokusetshenziswa komshini wokunciphisa ukungezwani nokuqhubekayo. i-casting billet, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi yathuthukisa ukuncintisana kwamapayipi angenamthungo namapayipi ashiselwe.

Ngawo-1970, ipayipi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elishiselwe kuyahambisana, futhi ukuphuma kwamapayipi ensimbi emhlabeni kukhuphuka ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-5 ngonyaka. iqale yakha uhlelo lokukhiqiza lokugingqa amapayipi ahlukahlukene amakhulu, aphakathi nendawo namancane.Ngokujwayelekile, ipayipi lethusi liphinde lamukele inqubo yokugingqa nokubhobozwa kwe-billet, ukugingqa kwepayipi lokugaya kanye nokudweba ikhoyili.

Isicelokanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo

Isicelo: Ishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo iwuhlobo lwensimbi yesigaba sezomnotho, inesikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni kazwelonke, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, imboni yamakhemikhali, ubhayela, isiteshi samandla, umkhumbi, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, imoto, izindiza, i-aerospace, amandla, i-geology. , imikhakha yezokwakha nezempi.

Ukuhlukaniswa:

(1) Ngokuvumelana nokuma kwesigaba esihlukaniswe: Ishubhu lesigaba esiyindilinga, ishubhu lesigaba esimise okukhethekile

(2) ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo: ipayipi lensimbi ye-carbon, ipayipi lensimbi ye-alloy, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi eliyinhlanganisela

(3) Ngokusho kwemodi yokuxhuma: ipayipi yokuxhuma enentambo, ipayipi yokushisela

(4) Ngokwemodi yokukhiqiza: ukugoqa okushisayo (i-extrusion, phezulu, ukunwetshwa) ipayipi, ipayipi elibandayo (lidonsa)

(5) Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa: ipayipi elibhayela, ipayipi lomthombo kawoyela, ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi lesakhiwo, ipayipi likamanyolo.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo

Inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinhloko yeshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo egoqwe ngokushisayo (inqubo yokuhlola enkulu):

Ukulungiswa nokuhlolwa kwe-billet yepayipi → ukushisisa i-billet yepayipi → ukubhoboza → ipayipi eligoqayo → ukushisisa kabusha kwepayipi elingenalutho → ukulungisa (ukunciphisa) ububanzi → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa kwepayipi eliphelile → ukuqeda → ukuhlolwa (okungonakali, ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kwesiteshi) → indawo yokugcina impahla

(2) Inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo (ukudweba) okugoqeka okubandayo

Ukulungiswa kwebhilethi → ukukha nokugcoba → ukugoqa okubandayo (umdwebo) → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa → ukuqeda → ukuhlola

Ishadi lokugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza yeshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo egoqelwe ngokushisayo limi kanje: