Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo liwuhlobo lwensimbi ende enengxenye engenalutho futhi alihlanganisi nxazonke.Ipayipi lensimbi linendawo engenalutho futhi lisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukudlulisa amapayipi oketshezi, njengokuthutha uwoyela, igesi yemvelo, igesi, amanzi nezinye izinto eziqinile.Uma kuqhathaniswa ngensimbi eqinile njengensimbi eyindilinga, ipayipi lensimbi inokugoba okufanayo namandla okugoqa kanye nesisindo esilula. Iwuhlobo lwensimbi ye-cross-section yezomnotho futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izingxenye zesakhiwo kanye nezingxenye zemishini, njengepayipi lokubhoboza uwoyela, i-automobile drive shaft, ifreyimu yebhayisikili kanye ne-scaffolding yensimbi esetshenziswa ekwakheni.

Isikhathi sokutholwa:

Izinsuku zokusebenza ezi-5 okungenani.

Indlela yokuhlola:

DB, GB, GB/T, JB/T, NB/T, YB/T, njll.

Uhlobo lokuhlola ishubhu lensimbi engenamthungo:

Ukuhlola ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elishisayo eligoqiwe: okuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi elivamile, ipayipi lensimbi elinomfutho ophansi nophakathi, ipayipi lensimbi elinomfutho ophezulu, ipayipi lensimbi exubile, ipayipi lensimbi engenalutho, ipayipi eliqhekeka likaphethiloli, ipayipi lensimbi ye-geological kanye nokunye ukuhlola ipayipi lensimbi eligoqiwe elingenamthungo. .

Ukuhlolwa kweshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo elibandayo eligoqelwe elingenamthungo: Kubandakanya ukwakheka okujwayelekile, ukwakheka komshini okuneshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo, ishubhu elingenamthungo eliphansi eliphakathi nendawo elingenamthungo, ishubhu elinomfutho ophakeme we-boiler elingenamthungo, uketshezi lokudlulisela oluneshubhu elingenamthungo, ipayipi elibandayo elidonswayo noma elinembayo elinembayo elingenamthungo, ukubhola kwe-geological, ipayipi lokumba, i-hydraulic cylinder cylinder ukunemba ububanzi bangaphakathi ipayipi elingenamthungo, ithubhu likamanyolo elingenamthungo, umkhumbi onepayipi, ishubhu eliqhekezayo likawoyela, zonke izinhlobo zamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo agoqekayo abandayo njengokutholwa.

Ukuhlolwa kweshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo eliyindilinga lensimbi engenamthungo: ishubhu lokumba i-petroleum geology, ishubhu yokuqhekeka kwe-petrochemical, ishubhu elibhayela, ishubhu elithwalayo nemoto, ugandaganda, ukuhlolwa kweshubhu lensimbi yesakhiwo ngokunemba okuphezulu.

Ukuhlola ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo: ipayipi lensimbi engenasici eligoqiwe, ipayipi lensimbi engenasici elishisayo kanye nepayipi lensimbi engenasici elidonswayo (eligoqiwe), ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali ye-semi-ferritic semi-Martensitic, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic, ipayipi lensimbi e-austenitic, insimbi ye-austenite-ferritic ipayipi yensimbi engagqwali uhlelo, njll.

Ukutholwa kwe-jacking yamapayipi okungenamthungo: ukutholwa kwe-tube jacking yebhalansi yomfutho womoya, ibhalansi yamanzi odaka kanye nebhalansi yengcindezi yomhlaba.

Ukuhlolwa kwamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo anomumo okhethekile: okufaka isikwele, i-oval, unxantathu, i-hexagonal, umumo wemelon, umumo wenkanyezi, namashubhu ensimbi enamaphiko angenamthungo.

Ipayipi lensimbi eliwugqinsi lokuhlola udonga: ipayipi lensimbi eligqinsile eligoqiwe eligoqiwe eliqinile, ipayipi lensimbi eliqinile elidonswa ngokubanda elidonsa kanzima, ipayipi lensimbi eliwugqinsi elikhishiwe, insimbi engenamthungo. isakhiwo sokugqekeza ipayipi, njll.

Ukuhlola ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo: okuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi elivamile, ipayipi lensimbi elinomfutho ophansi nophakathi, ipayipi lensimbi elinomfutho ophezulu, ipayipi lensimbi elixutshwayo, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi eliqhekeka likaphethiloli, ipayipi lensimbi yokwakheka komhlaba kanye nelinye ipayipi lensimbi.

Izinto zokuhlola ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo:

Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zihlola ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukumelana ne-asidi, ukumelana ne-alkali, ukumelana ne-oxidation, njll.

Ukwelulwa kwentambo yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenqubo, ukuhlolwa kokuphuka, ukugoba okuphindaphindiwe, ukugoba okubuyela emuva, ukuhlehla okuphansi, ukugoqa kwezindlela ezimbili, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic, ukuhlolwa kokuvutha, ukugoba, ukugoqa, ukwenza isicaba, ukunwetshwa kwendandatho, ukwelula indandatho, i-microstructure, ukuhlolwa kwenqubo yenkomishi, ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic, njll.

Ukuhlola okungabhubhisi X – ukuhlolwa kwe-ray okungabhubhisi, ukuhlolwa kwe-electromagnetic ultrasonic, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-eddy, ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kazibuthe, ukuhlolwa kokungena, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiyana kazibuthe.

Izakhiwo zemishini zivivinya amandla okuqina, ukuhlolwa komthelela, iphuzu lesivuno, ubude ngemva kokuphuka, ukuncishiswa kwendawo, inkomba yokuqina (ukuqina kwe-Rockwell, ubulukhuni buka-Brinell, ubulukhuni be-Vickers, ubulukhuni buka-Richter, ubulukhuni be-Vickers).

Ezinye izinto: isakhiwo se-metallographic, inclusions, ungqimba lwe-decarburization, ukunqunywa kokuqukethwe kwe-microstructure, ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yokugqwala, usayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nesilinganiso se-microscopic, isakhiwo esiphansi, ukugqwala kwe-intergranular, i-microstructure ye-superalloy, isakhiwo se-metallographic lokushisa eliphezulu, njll.

Izinto zokuhlaziya: ukuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo, ukuhlonza impahla, ukuhlaziya ukwehluleka, ukuhlaziya ingxenye.

Ukuhlaziya ukwehluleka kokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali ukuhlaziywa kokuqhekeka, ukuhlaziya ukugqwala, njll.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-element Thola futhi uhlaziye ngokunembile ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwe-manganese, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, i-carbon, isulfure, i-silicon, insimbi, i-aluminium, i-phosphorus, i-chromium, i-vanadium, i-titanium, ithusi, i-cobalt, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-cerium, i-lanthanum, i-calcium, i-magnesium. , i-zinc, i-tin, i-antimony, i-arsenic nezinye izakhi zensimbi ensimbi, i-alloy kanye nemikhiqizo yayo, insimbi engagqwali.

Izinga lokuhlola lepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo (ingxenye) :

I-GB 18248-2008 Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo wamasilinda egesi.

2, GB/T 18984-2016 ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo yepayipi lokushisa eliphansi.

3, GB/T 30070-2013 Ingxubevange steel ipayipi Seamless steel zokuthutha amanzi olwandle.

4, GB/T 20409-2018 Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo anentambo yangaphakathi yama-boilers anengcindezi ephezulu.

I-5, i-GB 28883-2012 eyinhlanganisela yamashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo yokucindezela.

I-GB 3087-2008 Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo wamabhoyela okucindezela okuphansi naphakathi.

7, GB/T 34105-2017 Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo wezakhiwo zobunjiniyela zasolwandle.

I-GB 6479-2013 Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo wemishini kamanyolo enomfutho ophezulu.