I-15Mo3 (15MoG) : Ipayipi lensimbi ku-DIN17175 ejwayelekile. Ishubhu lensimbi elincane eliwububanzi be-carbon molybdenum le-boiler ne-superheater, kanye nohlobo lwe-pearlescent yensimbi yamandla ashisayo. Ngo-1995, yatshalwa kabusha ukuzeGB5310futhi yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-15MoG. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali kulula, kodwa iqukethe i-molybdenum, ngakho inamandla angcono okushisa kune-carbon steel kuyilapho igcina ukusebenza kwenqubo efanayo njenge-carbon steel. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle, intengo eshibhile, iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, insimbi inomkhuba wokwenza i-graphitization ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi eside ekushiseni okuphezulu, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza kufanele lilawulwe ngaphansi kuka-510 ℃, futhi inani le-Al elingeziwe ekuncibilikeni kufanele likhawulelwe ukulawula nokubambezeleka kwenqubo ye-graphitization. Leli shubhu lensimbi lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukushisa okuphansi kwe-superheater kanye nokushisa okuphansi kokushisa kabusha. Izinga lokushisa lodonga lingaphansi kuka-510 ℃. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali C0.12-0.20, SI0.10-0.35, MN0.40-0.80, S≤0.035, P≤0.035, MO0.25-0.35; Izinga lamandla elivamile σs≥270-285, σb≥450-600 MPa; I-Plastiki Delta 22 noma ngaphezulu.

15CrMoG:GB5310-95 insimbi (ihambisana ne-1CR-1/2Mo kanye ne-11/4CR-1/2MO-Si insimbi esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni), okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-chromium kuphakeme kunensimbi ye-12CrMo, ngakho inamandla aphezulu okushisa ku-500-550 ℃. Lapho izinga lokushisa lidlula ama-550 ℃, amandla okushisa ensimbi ancipha kakhulu. Uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside ku-500-550 ℃, i-graphitization ayenzeki, kodwa i-carbide spheroidization kanye nokwabiwa kabusha kwezakhi ze-alloying kwenzeka, okuholela ekwehleni kwamandla okushisa ensimbi. Insimbi inokumelana okuhle nokuphumula ku-450 ℃. Ukwenziwa kwamapayipi kanye nokusebenza kwenqubo yokushisela kuhle. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengepayipi le-steam elinomfutho ophakeme namaphakathi kanye nebhokisi lokuhlanganisa elinepharamitha yesitimu ngaphansi kuka-550℃, ishubhu ye-superheater enezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-560℃, njll. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali C0.12-0.18, Si0.17-0.37, MN0.40 -0.70, S≤0.030, P≤0.030, CR0.80-1.10, MO0.40-0.55; Ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa esivamile, izinga lamandla σs≥235, σb≥440-640 MPa; I-Plastiki Delta p 21.

I-T22 (P22), 12Cr2MoG: T22 (P22) kukhonaI-ASME SA213 (SA335) izinto zokwakha zekhodi, ezifakwe kuyoGB5310-95. Ochungechungeni lwensimbi ye-CR-Mo, ukusebenza kwayo kwamandla okushisa kuphakeme kakhulu, izinga lokushisa elifanayo lamandla ahlala isikhathi eside nokucindezeleka okuvumelekile kunensimbi engu-9CR-1Mo ephakeme nakakhulu, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi kumandla ashisayo angaphandle, amandla enuzi kanye nemikhumbi yokucindezela. Kodwa-ke, umnotho wayo wezobuchwepheshe ungaphansi kwe-12Cr1MoV yethu, ngakho-ke awusetshenziswa kancane ekwenziweni kukabhayela wamandla ashisayo wasekhaya. Sebenzisa kuphela uma kudingeka (ikakhulukazi uma uklanywe futhi wakhiwe ngokuhambisana nekhodi ye-ASME). Insimbi ayizweli ekwelapheni ukushisa futhi inepulasitiki eqinile eqinile nokusebenza okuhle kokushisela. T22 encane ububanzi tube isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengoba metal odongeni lokushisa ngaphansi 580 ℃ superheater kanye reheater reheater ebusweni tube, njll.,P22Ishubhu elikhulu lobubanzi lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseni kodonga lwensimbi alikho ngaphezu kuka-565 ℃ ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa le-superheater/reheater kanye nepayipi elikhulu lesitimu. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali C≤0.15, Si≤0.50, MN0.30-0.60, S≤0.025, P≤0.025, CR1.90-2.60, MO0.87-1.13; Ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa esivamile, izinga lamandla σs≥280, σb≥450-600 MPa; Plastic Delta 20 noma ngaphezulu.

12Cr1MoVG:GB5310-95 nano standard steel, ingcindezi ephezulu yasekhaya, i-ultra high pressure, i-subcritical power plant boiler superheater, ibhokisi lokuqoqa kanye nensimbi yesitimu esetshenziswa kabanzi. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zemishini zepuleti le-12Cr1MoV ziyafana. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali kulula, okuqukethwe kwe-alloy okuphelele kungaphansi kuka-2%, ngekhabhoni ephansi, uhlobo oluphansi lwe-alloy pearlescent yensimbi yamandla ashisayo. I-Vanadium ingakha i-carbide VC ezinzile nge-carbon, engenza i-chromium ne-molybdenum ensimbi kube khona ngokukhethekile ku-ferrite, futhi yehlise izinga lokudluliswa kwe-chromium ne-molybdenum isuka ku-ferrite iye ku-carbide, ukuze insimbi izinze kakhulu ekushiseni okuphezulu. Inani eliphelele lezinto ezihlanganisiwe kule nsimbi liyingxenye yensimbi engu-2.25 CR-1Mo esetshenziswa kabanzi phesheya, kodwa amandla ahlala isikhathi eside ku-580 ℃ kanye ne-100,000 h angu-40% aphezulu kunalawo akamuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula futhi ukusebenza kwe-welding kuhle. Uma nje inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa iqinile, ukusebenza okuphelele kanye nokusebenza kwamandla okushisa kunganeliseka. Ukusebenza kwangempela kwesiteshi sikagesi kubonisa ukuthi ipayipi lesitimu elikhulu i-12Cr1MoV lisengasetshenziswa ngemva kokusebenza okuphephile ku-540℃ amahora angu-100,000. Ishubhu elinobubanzi obukhulu lisetshenziswa kakhulu njengebhokisi lokuqoqa kanye nepayipi lesitimu eliyinhloko lepharamitha yesitimu engaphansi kuka-565 ℃, futhi ishubhu enobubanzi obuncane isetshenziselwa ishubhu lokushisisa likabhayela elingaphezulu kwezinga lokushisa lensimbi elingaphansi kuka-580 ℃.

I-12Cr2MoWVTiB (G102) :Gb5310-95 ensimbi, ekuthuthukisweni kweChina ngawo-1960s, ikhabhoni ephansi, ingxubevange ephansi (inani elincane lokuhlukahluka) uhlobo lwensimbi ye-Bainite yamandla ashisayo, kusukela ngawo-1970 yafakwa ku-Ministry of Metallurgical Industry standard YB529-70 futhi manje izinga kazwelonke, ekupheleni 1980 insimbi ngokusebenzisa Ministry of Metallurgical Industry, Ministry of Machinery kanye Ministry of amandla kagesi identification ngokuhlanganyela. Insimbi inezici ezinhle ezibanzi zemishini, futhi amandla ayo okushisa kanye nezinga lokushisa lesevisi liphakeme kunalawo ensimbi efanayo phesheya, lifinyelela izinga lezinsimbi ezithile ze-chromium-nickel austenitic ku-620℃. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi insimbi iqukethe izinhlobo eziningi zezinto ze-alloying, futhi yengezwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana ne-oxidation yezinto ezifana ne-Cr, Si, ukuze izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lesevisi lingafinyelela ku-620℃. Ukusebenza kwangempela kwesiteshi samandla kubonisa ukuthi isakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo zepayipi lensimbi azishintshi kakhulu ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi eside. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengeshubhu ye-superheater kanye neshubhu yokushisa kabusha kubhayela wepharamitha ephezulu kakhulu enezinga lokushisa lensimbi ≤620℃. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali C0.08-0.15, Si0.45-0.75, MN0.45-0.65, S≤0.030, P≤0.030, CR1.60-2.10, MO0.50-0.65, V0.28-0.42, TI0.08, TI0.08 -0.18, W0.30-0.55, B0.002-0.008; Ngaphansi kwesimo esivamile sokushisa, ileveli yamandla σs≥345, σb≥540-735 MPa; I-Plastiki Delta p 18.

I-Sa-213t91 (335P91) : Inombolo yensimbi ngaphakathiI-ASME SA-213(335) ejwayelekile. Ithuthukiswa yi-Rubber Ridge National Laboratory yase-United States of America, esetshenziselwa amandla enuzi (ingasetshenziswa nakwezinye izici) izingxenye zokucindezela ukushisa okuphezulu kwento, insimbi isekelwe ku-T9 (9CR-1MO) yensimbi, umkhawulo wokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, lawula ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kwe-P no-S nezinye izinto ezisele ngesikhathi esifanayo, Kwakhiwa uhlobo olusha lwensimbi ye-ferritic engamelana nokushisa ngokungeza amanani omkhondo we-0.030-0.070% N, 0.18-0.25 % V kanye no-0.06-0.10% Nb ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuhluzwa okusanhlamvu. IkonaI-ASME SA-213ikholomu insimbi ejwayelekile, eyafakwa kabushaGB5310ejwayelekile ngo-1995 futhi ibanga lingu-10Cr9Mo1VNb. Izinga lamazwe ngamazwe ISO/ DIS9399-2 lifakwe kuhlu njenge-X10 CRMOVNB9-1.

Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-chromium (9%), ukumelana kwayo ne-oxidation, ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokuthambekela okungeyona i-graphitization kungcono kunaleyo yensimbi ephansi ye-alloy. I-Molybdenum (1%) ithuthukisa kakhulu amandla okushisa aphezulu futhi ivimbele ukuthambekela kokushisa okushisayo kwensimbi ye-chromium. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-T9, izindawo zokushisela kanye nokukhathala okushisayo ziyathuthukiswa, amandla ahlala isikhathi eside ku-600 ℃ aphindwe kathathu kunawakamuva, futhi ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-high-temperature corrosion resistance of T9 (9CR-1Mo) steel kugcinwa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic, i-coefficient yokunweba incane, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kuhle, futhi inamandla ahlala isikhathi eside (njenge-TP304 austenitic steel ratio, kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa eliqinile lingu-625 ℃, izinga lokushisa lokucindezeleka elilinganayo lingu-607 ℃). Ngakho-ke, inezindawo ezingcono eziphelele zemishini, isakhiwo esizinzile kanye nezakhiwo ngaphambi nangemva kokuguga, izakhiwo ezinhle zokushisela kanye nezinqubo, amandla ahlala isikhathi eside nokumelana ne-oxidation. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i-superheater kanye ne-reheater enezinga lokushisa lensimbi ≤650 ℃ ku-boiler. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali C0.08-0.12, Si0.20-0.50, MN0.30-0.60, S≤0.010, P≤0.020, CR8.00-9.50, MO0.85-1.05, V0.18-0.25, Al≤040, Al≤04 , NB0.06-0.10, N0.03-0.07; Ngaphansi kwesimo esivamile sokushisa, ileveli yamandla σs≥415, σb≥585 MPa; Plastic Delta 20 noma ngaphezulu.