Izicelo zegobolondo likawoyela:

Isetshenziselwa ukugaya kahle uwoyela ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa inqubo yokubhoboza futhi ngemva kokuphothulwa ukusekela odongeni lomthombo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubo yokubhoboza kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwawo wonke umthombo ngemva kokuqedwa.Ngenxa yezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-geological, ngaphansi komhlaba. isimo sokucindezeleka siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi isenzo esibanzi sokucindezela, ukucindezela, ukugoba kanye nokucindezeleka emzimbeni wepayipi kubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi ye-casing ngokwayo. ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwawo wonke umthombo, noma ngisho ne-scrap.

Izinhlobo zegobolondo likawoyela:

Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96 "i-petroleum casing", ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-casing enentambo emfushane kanye nekholomu yayo kanye ne-casing enentambo ende kanye nokhololo wayo.

I-Oil casing standard kanye nokupakishwa kwayo:

Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96, i-casing yasekhaya kufanele iboshwe ngentambo yensimbi noma ibhande lensimbi.Ingxenye eveziwe ye-casing ngayinye kanye nentambo yekhola kufanele iboshwe ngendandatho yokuvikela ukuvikela intambo.

I-casing izohlinzekwa ngentambo kanye nekhola ngokusho kwe-API SPEC 5CT1988 edition yokuqala noma kunoma iyiphi yamafomu okuphela kwepayipi alandelayo: isiphetho esiyisicaba, intambo eyindilinga ngaphandle kwekholomu noma ikhola, intambo ye-trapezoidal ye-offset enekhola noma ngaphandle kwayo, intambo eqondile, ukucutshungulwa kokuphela okukhethekile. , ukwakhiwa kwendandatho yophawu.

Ibanga lensimbi le-petroleum casing:

I-Oil casing steel grade ingahlukaniswa ngamamaki ensimbi ahlukene ngokwamandla ensimbi ngokwayo, okuyi-H-40, J-55, K-55, N-80, C-75, L-80, C-90, C -95, P-110, Q-125, njll.Izimo zemithombo ehlukene, ukujula komthombo, ukusetshenziswa kwebanga lensimbi nakho kuhlukile.I-casing ngokwayo nayo iyadingeka ukuze ingagqwali ezindaweni ezigqwalile.Ezindaweni ezinezimo ze-geological eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-casing nayo iyadingeka ukuze imelane nokuchotshozwa.

Ifomula yokubala isisindo se-oyela casing imi kanje:

KG/ m = (ububanzi obungaphandle - ukujiya kodonga) * ukujiya kodonga * 0.02466

Ubude bebhokisi likawoyela:

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobude obucaciswe yi-API: R-1 4.88 kuya ku-7.62m, R-2 7.62 kuya ku-10.36m, R-3 10.36m kuya ubude.

Uhlobo lwebhande le-petroleum casing:

I-API 5CTIzinhlobo zebhande le-petroleum casing zifaka i-STC (ibhande eliyindilinga elifushane), i-LTC (ibhande eliyindilinga ende), i-BTC (ibhande lesitebhisi eliyingxenye), i-VAM (ibhande lenkosi) nezinye izinhlobo zebhande.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komzimba kwe-petroleum casing:

(1) Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96.Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-flattening (GB246-97) ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile (GB228-87) nokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic.

(2) ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, ukuhlolwa kokucaba, ukuhlolwa kokuqhekeka kwe-sulfide stress corrosion, ukuhlolwa kokuqina (ASTME18 noma inguqulo yakamuva ye-E10), ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile, ukuhlolwa komthelela oguquguqukayo (ASTMA370, ASTME23 kanye nenguqulo yakamuva yezindinganiso ezifanele) ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko ze I-American Petroleum Institute APISPEC5CT1988 uhlelo lokuqala Ok), ukunqunywa kosayizi wokusanhlamvu (ASTME112 inguqulo yakamuva noma enye indlela)

Ukungenisa nokuthekelisa isikhwama sikawoyela:

(1) Amazwe ayinhloko wokungenisa uwoyela yilawa: Germany, Japan, Romania, Czech Republic, Italy, United Kingdom, Austria, Switzerland, United States, Argentina, Singapore nazo zingenisa.Amazinga okungenisa abhekisela ku-American Petroleum Institute standard API5A, 5AX, 5AC.Izinga lensimbi ngu-H-40, J-55, N-80, P-110, C-75, C-95 njalonjalo.Imininingwane eyinhloko ithi 139.77. 72R-2, 177.89.19R-2, 244.58.94R-2, 244.510.03R-2, 244.511.05r-2, njll.

(2) Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobude ezicaciswe yi-API: u-R-1 ungu-4.88 ~ 7.62m, u-R-2 ungu-7.62 ~ 10.36m, u-R-3 ungu-10.36m ukuya ubude.

(3) Ingxenye yezimpahla ezingenisiwe imakwe nge-LTC, okungukuthi, umkhono webhande le-filament.

(4) Ngaphezu kwamazinga e-API, inani elincane lezihlahla ezingeniswa eJapan lithobela izindinganiso zabakhiqizi baseJapan (njengeNippon Steel, Sumitomo, Kawasaki, njll.), izinombolo zensimbi zithi NC-55E, NC-80E, NC -L80, NC-80HE, njll.

(5) Emacaleni okufaka isicelo, kube khona okungalungile okufana nebhande elimnyama, ukulimala kwethayi, ukugoqeka komzimba wamapayipi, ibhande eliphukile kanye nebanga eliqinile lentambo ngaphandle kokubekezelelwa, ukuhlanganisa inani elingu-J ngenxa yokubekezelelwa, kanye nezinkinga zekhwalithi zangaphakathi njengokuqhekeka okuphukayo. kanye namandla okukhiqiza aphansi we-casing.

Izici zemishini zesigaba ngasinye sensimbi se-petroleum casing: