Izicelo zegobolondo likawoyela:

Isetshenziselwa ukugaya kahle uwoyela ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa inqubo yokubhoboza futhi ngemva kokuphothulwa ukusekela odongeni lomthombo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubo yokubhoboza kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwawo wonke umthombo ngemva kokuqedwa.Ngenxa yezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-geological, ngaphansi komhlaba. isimo sokucindezeleka siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi isenzo esibanzi sokuqineka, ukucindezela, ukugoba kanye nokucindezeleka okuguquguqukayo emzimbeni wepayipi kubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi yekesi ngokwalo.Uma ikesi ngokwalo yonakele ngenxa yesizathu esithile, kungase kuholele ekuncishisweni kokukhiqizwa kwawo wonke umthombo, noma ngisho ne-scrap.

Izinhlobo zegobolondo likawoyela:

Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96 "i-petroleum casing", ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-casing enentambo emfushane kanye nekholomu yayo kanye ne-casing enentambo ende kanye nokhololo wayo.

I-Oil casing standard kanye nokupakishwa kwayo:

Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96, i-casing yasekhaya kufanele iboshwe ngentambo yensimbi noma ibhande lensimbi.Ingxenye eveziwe ye-casing ngayinye kanye nentambo yekhola kufanele iboshwe ngendandatho yokuvikela ukuvikela intambo.

I-casing izohlinzekwa ngentambo kanye nekhola ngokusho kwe-API SPEC 5CT1988 edition yokuqala noma kunoma iyiphi yamafomu okuphela kwepayipi alandelayo: isiphetho esiyisicaba, intambo eyindilinga ngaphandle kwekholomu noma ikhola, intambo ye-trapezoidal ye-offset enekhola noma ngaphandle kwayo, intambo eqondile, ukucutshungulwa kokuphela okukhethekile. , ukwakhiwa kwendandatho yophawu.

Ibanga lensimbi le-petroleum casing:

I-Oil casing steel grade ingahlukaniswa ngamamaki ensimbi ahlukene ngokwamandla ensimbi ngokwayo, okuyi-H-40, J-55, K-55, N-80, C-75, L-80, C-90, C -95, P-110, Q-125, njll.Izimo zemithombo ehlukene, ukujula komthombo, ukusetshenziswa kwebanga lensimbi nakho kuhlukile.I-casing ngokwayo nayo iyadingeka ukuze ingagqwali ezindaweni ezigqwalile.Ezindaweni ezinezimo ze-geological eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-casing nayo iyadingeka ukuze imelane nokuchotshozwa.

Ifomula yokubala isisindo se-oyela casing imi kanje:

KG/ m = (ububanzi obungaphandle - ukujiya kodonga) * ukujiya kodonga * 0.02466

Ubude bebhokisi likawoyela:

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobude obucaciswe yi-API: R-1 4.88 kuya ku-7.62m, R-2 7.62 kuya ku-10.36m, R-3 10.36m kuya ubude.

Uhlobo lwebhande le-petroleum casing:

I-API 5CTIzinhlobo zebhande le-petroleum casing zifaka i-STC (ibhande eliyindilinga elifushane), i-LTC (ibhande eliyindilinga ende), i-BTC (ibhande lesitebhisi eliyingxenye), i-VAM (ibhande lenkosi) nezinye izinhlobo zebhande.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komzimba kwe-petroleum casing:

(1) Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96.Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-flattening (GB246-97) ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile (GB228-87) nokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic.

(2) ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, ukuhlolwa kokucaba, ukuhlolwa kokuqhekeka kwe-sulfide stress corrosion, ukuhlolwa kokuqina (ASTME18 noma inguqulo yakamuva ye-E10), ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile, ukuhlolwa komthelela oguquguqukayo (ASTMA370, ASTME23 kanye nenguqulo yakamuva yezindinganiso ezifanele) ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko ze I-American Petroleum Institute APISPEC5CT1988 uhlelo lokuqala Ok), ukunqunywa kosayizi wokusanhlamvu (ASTME112 inguqulo yakamuva noma enye indlela)

Ukungenisa nokuthekelisa isikhwama sikawoyela:

(1) Amazwe ayinhloko wokungenisa uwoyela yilawa: Germany, Japan, Romania, Czech Republic, Italy, United Kingdom, Austria, Switzerland, United States, Argentina, Singapore nazo zingenisa.Amazinga okungenisa abhekisela ku-American Petroleum Institute standard API5A, 5AX, 5AC.Izinga lensimbi ngu-H-40, J-55, N-80, P-110, C-75, C-95 njalonjalo.Imininingwane eyinhloko ithi 139.77. 72R-2, 177.89.19R-2, 244.58.94R-2, 244.510.03R-2, 244.511.05r-2, njll.

(2) Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobude ezicaciswe yi-API: u-R-1 ungu-4.88 ~ 7.62m, u-R-2 ungu-7.62 ~ 10.36m, u-R-3 ungu-10.36m ukuya ubude.

(3) Ingxenye yezimpahla ezingenisiwe imakwe nge-LTC, okungukuthi, umkhono webhande le-filament.

(4) Ngaphezu kwamazinga e-API, inani elincane lezihlahla ezingeniswa eJapan lithobela izindinganiso zabakhiqizi baseJapan (njengeNippon Steel, Sumitomo, Kawasaki, njll.), izinombolo zensimbi zithi NC-55E, NC-80E, NC -L80, NC-80HE, njll.

(5) Emacaleni okufaka isicelo, kube khona okungalungile okufana nebhande elimnyama, ukulimala kwethayi, ukugoqeka komzimba wamapayipi, ibhande eliphukile kanye nebanga eliqinile lentambo ngaphandle kokubekezelelwa, ukuhlanganisa inani elingu-J ngenxa yokubekezelelwa, kanye nezinkinga zekhwalithi zangaphakathi njengokuqhekeka okuphukayo. kanye namandla okukhiqiza aphansi we-casing.

Izakhiwo zemishini zesigaba ngasinye sensimbi se-petroleum casing: