Njengoba iholide seliphelile, siqale kabusha umsebenzi ojwayelekile. Ngiyabonga ngokusekelwa nokuqonda kwakho ngesikhathi samaholide. Manje, sibheke phambili ekuqhubekeni ukukunikeza ngezinsizakalo ezisebenzayo nezisezingeni eliphakeme.
Njengoba isimo semakethe siyashintsha, siqaphele ukuthi amanani aqhubekayo aqhubeke nokukhuphuka muva nje. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi singakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme nezinsizakalo, amanani entengo yemiyalo ethile angadinga ukulungiswa.
Ngakho-ke, ngomusa sikucela ukuthi unake izindaba ezilandelayo lapho ubeka ama-oda:
1. Ukuxhumana ngesikhathi: Uma une-oda elixoxiswana noma elizofakwa, sicela uxhumane nethimba lethu ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa imininingwane yentengo yakamuva.
2. Ukulungiswa kwamanani: Ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kwemakethe, intengo yemiyalo ethile ingashintsha. Sizozama konke okusemandleni ethu ukugcina intengo inengqondo futhi ilungise ngesikhathi ngokuya ngesimo esithile.
3 Uma unemibuzo noma udinga imininingwane eminingi, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi.
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo liyipayipi lensimbi ngaphandle kwama-welds, asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinkundleni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Izici zalo eziphambili ziyingcindezi eqinile ethwala amandla, ukumelana kahle nokugqwala, namandla aphezulu okujoyina, ngakho-ke kwenza kahle ezindaweni ezikhethekile njengokuphikiswa okuphezulu nokuphika ukushisa. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, futhi ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kwenziwa kusuka ekucutshungweni okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kumkhiqizo wokugcina.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kuqala ngama-bull steel. Izingosi zensimbi eziyindilinga zifuthelwa cishe ngo-1200 ℃ esithandweni sokushisa futhi zifake inqubo eshisayo yokugoqa. Inqubo eshisayo eshisayo isebenzisa umshini wokubhoboza ukubhoboza ama-buttery ama-steel ashibhile ukwakha i-tube billet enomgodi enkambeni. Lesi sinyathelo sinquma ukwakheka kokuqala kwepayipi lensimbi futhi kuqinisekise amandla wesakhiwo sepayipi lensimbi.
Okulandelayo, i-tube ebhobothiwe yeshubhu iphinde yandiswa futhi yakhiwa ngenqubo yokugoqa. Izinga lokushisa, ukucindezela kanye nesivinini ngesikhathi senqubo yokugoqa kudingeka lilawulwe ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe usayizi, ukulingana kodonga kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yepayipi lensimbi.
Ngemuva kokwenza, ipayipi lensimbi lidinga ukuhamba ngenqubo yokupholisa nokuqondisa okuqondisayo. Ukupholisa ukunciphisa ngokushesha ipayipi kusuka ekushiseni okuphezulu kuya ekushiseni kwegumbi ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesakhiwo se-metallographic. Ukuqondisa okuqondile ukuqeda ukugoba noma okunye ukuphuma okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuqondisisa kwepayipi.
Ekugcineni, ipayipi lensimbi lidinga nokuhlolwa okuqinile nokucubungula. Lezi zivivinyo zifaka ukutholwa kwephutha le-ultrasonic, ukutholwa kwangaphandle kwe-evdy, njll., Ikakhulukazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho iziphambeko ngaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo futhi zihlangabezane namazinga okusebenzisa. Amanye amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo nawo azophinde abhekane nezinqubo zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu ezinjengokuthathwa kanye nokuxoxisana ukuze athuthukise ukumelana nakho kokugqwala.
Izindlela zokuphepha zokusebenzisa amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo
Njengento enamandla amakhulu, amelana nengcindezelo futhi amelana nengcindezi, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, amakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, imishini kanye neminye imboni kanye nezinye izimboni. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokusebenza kwalo okuphakeme, ukusetshenziswa okulungile nokulondolozwa kusabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo isikhathi eside endaweni yokusebenza. Lokhu okulandelayo kunezinyathelo zokuphepha kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa:
1. Khetha izinto ezifanele kanye nokucaciswa
Amapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo ayatholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha kanye nokucaciswa. Lapho usebenzisa, kufanele ukhethe umkhiqizo ofanele ngokwesimo esithile sohlelo lokusebenza. Izimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza (njengokucindezela kokusebenza, izinga lokushisa, ukuwohloka kwamaphakathi, njll) linezidingo ezihlukile zokuqukethwe kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo. Isibonelo, lapho uhambisa abezindaba eziphakeme zokushisa, kufanele kusetshenziswe amapayipi ensimbi avimbela ukushisa; Esimweni esinamandla kakhulu, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo enziwe ngensimbi engenasici noma ezinye izinto zokulwa nokugqwala kufanele zisetshenziswe. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uqonda amapharamitha wezobuchwepheshe kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa kwepayipi lensimbi ukugwema izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukukhethwa kwezinto ezingafanele.
2. Naka indlela yokuxhumana yepayipi ngesikhathi sokufakwa
Njengoba amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo awanawo ama-welds, ubuqotho babo bokuhleleka bungcono, kepha indlela yokuxhumana kumele ibe nengqondo ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Izindlela zokuxhumana ezijwayelekile zifaka ukuxhumana kwe-flange, ukuxhumana okunentambo kanye nokufudumala. Ukucindezela okuphezulu kanye nezikhathi eziphakeme zokushisa, ukufudumala kudinga ukuqaphela ikakhulukazi, futhi izinga le-weld lithinta ngqo impilo yenkonzo yepayipi. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokwakha, kunconywa ukuthi ochwepheshe basebenze ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-welding ifana, mahhala ama-pores kanye nemifantu.
3. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokulungiswa
Yize amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anokumelana nokuqina okuphezulu nokuqina, asadinga ukubhekwa futhi anakekelwe njalo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ekucindezelweni okuphezulu, izindawo eziphakeme kakhulu. Amapayipi afakwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokusebenza yesikhathi eside kanye nokuguguleka okuphakathi, kanye nemifantu emincane noma amaphuzu wokukhulisa kungavela. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwe-ultrasonic, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi nokuhlolwa kokugqwala kungasiza ukubona izingozi ezifihliwe ngesikhathi futhi zigweme izingozi ezinkulu.
4. Gwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile
Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anengcindezi yawo edala ingcindezi ephezulu yokuthwala kanye nokushisa okusebenzayo okuphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa, kumele kulandelwe amazinga nemigomo efanelekile ukugwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile nokusebenziseka ngokweqile kuzokwenza ukuthi i-deformation yepayipi, amandla ancishisiwe, futhi ngisho nokuqhuma noma ukuvuza. Ngakho-ke, opharetha kufanele babheke ngokuqinile ingcindezi yokusebenza kanye nokushisa kwepayipi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi isebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphephile.
5. Vimbela ukulimala kwemishini yangaphandle
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ukuphatha nokufakwa, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo atholakala emthanjeni wangaphandle kanye nokushayisana, okungadala ukulimala komhlaba futhi kuthinte amandla abo jikelele. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukuphatha nokugcina, izindlela zokuvikela kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukugwema ukuxhumana nezinto ezibukhali, futhi ungahuduli ipayipi lensimbi ngentando, ikakhulukazi lapho udonga lwamapayipi luncane.
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Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, okuphakathi kwepayipi kungafaka ekwakheni ungqimba olungaphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma kudlulisela amanzi, umusi noma eminye imidiya ethambekele ekulinganiseni. Ukukala odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepayipi kuzokhulisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwepayipi, kunciphise ukudlulisela ukusebenza kahle, futhi kubangele ukuqhekeka. Ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa ukuyihlanza njalo futhi isebenzise ama-ejenti wokuhlanza amakhemikhali ukuze akwazi ukwehla lapho kunesidingo.