Njengoba iholidi seliphelile, siqale kabusha umsebenzi ojwayelekile. Siyabonga ukwesekwa nokuqonda kwenu ngesikhathi samaholide. Manje, sibheke ngabomvu ukuqhubeka nokukunikeza izinsiza ezisebenza kahle nezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Njengoba isimo semakethe sishintsha, siye saqaphela ukuthi amanani aqhubekile nokukhuphuka muva nje. Ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi singaqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo namasevisi ekhwalithi ephezulu, izintengo zamanye ama-oda kungase kudingeke ukuthi zilungiswe.
Ngakho-ke, sikucela ngomusa ukuthi unake lezi zindaba ezilandelayo lapho ufaka ama-oda:
1. Ukuxhumana okufika ngesikhathi: Uma une-oda okuxoxiswana ngalo noma elizofakwa, sicela uxhumane nethimba lethu ngokushesha ukuze uqinisekise imininingwane yakamuva yentengo.
2. Ukulungiswa kwentengo: Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwemakethe, intengo yamanye ama-oda ingase ishintshe. Sizozama konke okusemandleni ethu ukugcina intengo inengqondo futhi siyilungise ngesikhathi ngokuvumelana nesimo esithile.
3. Ukungafihli nokwesekwa: Sizibophezele ekugcineni ukungafihli ekulungisweni kwezintengo kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezincazelo ezinemininingwane yoshintsho lwentengo. Uma unemibuzo noma udinga ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi.
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo ipayipi lensimbi ngaphandle kokushisela, elisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni. Izici zayo eziyinhloko amandla okuthwala ingcindezi eqinile, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, namandla okugoba aphezulu, ngakho-ke yenza kahle ezindaweni ezikhethekile ezifana nokucindezela okukhulu nokumelana nokushisa. Inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, futhi ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kwenziwa kusukela ekucutshungulweni kwempahla eluhlaza kuya kumkhiqizo wokugcina.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kuqala ngamabhilidi ensimbi ayindilinga. Amabhilidi ensimbi ayindilinga ashiswa afinyelele cishe ku-1200 ℃ esithandweni sokushisa futhi afaka inqubo yokugoqa okushisayo. Inqubo yokugoqa okushisayo isebenzisa umshini wokubhoboza ukuze ibhoboze amabhilidi ensimbi ashisayo ukuze kwakhe i-tube billet enembobo phakathi nendawo. Lesi sinyathelo sinquma ukuma kokuqala kwepayipi yensimbi futhi siqinisekisa amandla esakhiwo sepayipi yensimbi.
Okulandelayo, i-tube billet ebhoboziwe iyanwetshwa futhi yenziwe ngenqubo yokugoqa. Izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi kanye nesivinini ngesikhathi sokugingqika kudinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubukhulu, ukufana kodonga kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yepayipi lensimbi.
Ngemuva kokwakhiwa, ipayipi lensimbi lidinga ukuhamba ngenqubo yokupholisa nokuqondisa. Ukupholisa ukwehlisa ngokushesha ipayipi kusukela ekushiseni okuphezulu kuya ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo se-metallographic sezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukuqondisa kuwukuqeda ukugoba noma okunye ukuguqulwa okungenzeka ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza nokuqinisekisa ukuqondisa kwepayipi.
Ekugcineni, ipayipi lensimbi nalo lidinga ukuhlolwa nokucubungula okuqinile. Lokhu kuhlola kufaka phakathi ukutholwa kwamaphutha e-ultrasonic, ukutholwa kwamanje kwe-eddy, njll., ikakhulukazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi azikho iziphambeko ngaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo futhi kuhlangatshezwana nezindinganiso zokusebenzisa. Amanye amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo azophinde abhekane nezinqubo zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu njengokukhetha kanye ne-phosphating ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala.
Izinyathelo zokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo
Njengezinto eziqinile, ezimelana nokucindezela kanye nokugqwala, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, amakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, imishini nezinye izimboni. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa okufanele nokugcinwa kahle kusabalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside endaweni yokusebenza. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo zokuphepha zamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa:
1. Khetha izinto ezifanele kanye nemininingwane
Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo atholakala ezintweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nokucaciswa. Lapho uzisebenzisa, kufanele ukhethe umkhiqizo ofanele ngokuya ngesimo sohlelo oluthile. Izimo zokusebenza ezihlukene (ezifana nengcindezi yokusebenza, izinga lokushisa, ukugqwala kwe-medium, njll.) zinezidingo ezihlukene zempahla yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo. Isibonelo, lapho uthutha imidiya ephezulu yokushisa, amapayipi ensimbi angamelana nokushisa kufanele asetshenziswe; endaweni egqwala kakhulu, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma ezinye izinto ezimelana nokugqwala kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uqonda imingcele yezobuchwepheshe futhi usebenzise izimo zepayipi lensimbi ukuze ugweme izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukukhetha okungalungile kwezinto.
2. Naka indlela yokuxhuma ipayipi ngesikhathi sokufakwa
Njengoba amapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo engenawo ama-welds, ubuqotho bawo besakhiwo bungcono, kodwa indlela yokuxhuma kufanele ibe nengqondo ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Izindlela zokuxhuma ezijwayelekile zifaka ukuxhumana kwe-flange, ukuxhumana okunentambo kanye nokushisela. Ngomfutho ophakeme kanye nezikhathi zokushisa okuphezulu, ukushisela kudinga ukuqaphela ngokukhethekile, futhi izinga le-weld lithinta ngokuqondile impilo yesevisi yepayipi. Ngakho-ke, phakathi nenqubo yokwakha, kunconywa ukuthi ochwepheshe basebenze ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi i-welding iyunifomu, ayinama-pores kanye nemifantu.
3. Ukuhlola kanye nokugcinwa njalo
Nakuba amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo enokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu nokuhlala isikhathi eside, kusadingeka ukuthi ahlolwe futhi agcinwe njalo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi lapho kucindezelwa kakhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ezindaweni ezigqwala kakhulu. Amapayipi angaphansi kwengcindezi yokusebenza isikhathi eside kanye nokuguguleka okuphakathi, futhi imifantu emincane noma izindawo zokugqwala zingavela. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic njalo, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi nokuhlolwa kokugqwala kungasiza ukuthola izingozi ezifihliwe ngesikhathi futhi kugweme izingozi ezimbi.
4. Gwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile
Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anomthamo wawo wokuthwala umfutho ophezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, izindinganiso ezifanele nemithethonqubo kufanele ilandelwe ukugwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile. Ukucindezela ngokweqile kanye nokushisa ngokweqile kuzodala ukuwohloka kwepayipi, amandla ancishisiwe, ngisho nokugqashuka noma ukuvuza. Ngakho-ke, opharetha kufanele baqaphe ngokuqinile ingcindezi yokusebenza kanye nezinga lokushisa lepayipi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi lisebenza endaweni ephephile.
5. Vimbela ukulimala kwangaphandle kwemishini
Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, ukuphatha nokufakwa, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asengozini yokuthinteka ngaphandle nokungqubuzana, okungase kubangele ukulimala kwendawo futhi kuthinte ngisho namandla awo wonke. Ngakho-ke, lapho uphatha futhi ugcina, izinyathelo zokuzivikela kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukugwema ukuthintana nezinto ezibukhali, futhi ungadonsi ipayipi lensimbi ngokuthanda, ikakhulukazi lapho udonga lwamapayipi luncane.
6. Vimbela indlela yangaphakathi ekukhuleni noma ekuvimbeni
Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, indawo ephakathi epayipini ingase idiphozithe ukuze kwakheke ungqimba lwesikali, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhanjiswa amanzi, isitimu noma enye imidiya ejwayele ukukala. Ukukala odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepayipi kuzokwandisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwepayipi, kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa, futhi kubangele nokuvinjwa. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuyihlanza njalo futhi usebenzise ama-agent okuhlanza amakhemikhali ukuze wehliswe uma kunesidingo.