Agha ndị mba ọzọ na-aga n'ihu, ma ụlọ akụ macroeconomics na-aga n'ihu na-ewebata atumatu dị mma, na n'akụkụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ọnụ ahịa ígwè ígwè agbagoro elu ọhụrụ ọtụtụ ugboro.Bifocals ebiliwo site n'ịchọ ụbara n'oge oge okpomọkụ, nkwado ọnụ ahịa dị ike, ọnụ ahịa ígwè na-aga n'ihu na-arị elu., egwu nke nnukwu ọnụ ahịa ọnụ ahịa abawanyela, ọrụ ndozi ahịa abawanyela, nrụpụta igwe anaghị agba nchara agbadala kwa ụbọchị, mbubata ígwè ebelatala, ahịa ala ọzọ amalitela, ahịa ebe ahụ kwụsiri ike ma sie ike.Site n'echiche zuru oke, a na-atụ anya na ọnụ ahịa ígwè ga-eguzosi ike ma dị ike echi.

Ụlọ ọrụ Sanon Pipe nwere ugbu a nwere ọkpọkọ ígwè ndị a:

Ọkpụkpụ nchara na-enweghị ntụpọ maka igwe ọkụ ọkụ dị ala na nke ọkara - GB/T3087-200810#, nke a na-eji maka ọkpọkọ uzuoku na-ekpo ọkụ, ọkpọ mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ, ọkpọkọ mgbidi mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ maka ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ, nnukwu ọkpọkọ anwụrụ ọkụ, obere anwụrụ ọkụ na ọkpọ brik, wdg.Isi ihe: 10 # 20 #, usoro mmepụta: a na-ebunye ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, oyi na-ekpo ọkụ (a na-atụgharị) na-ebute na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.

Ọkpụkpọ ígwè na-enweghị ntụpọ maka igwe ọkụ ọkụ dị elu - GB/T5310-2017, Nzube: A na-ejikarị eme ihe dị elu nke carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel na igwe anaghị agba nchara na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị ihe mgbochi nchara maka ọkpọkọ mmiri ọkụ nke nnukwu nrụgide na n'elu..High-edu carbon structural ígwè akara ule gụnyere 20g, 20mng, na 25mng, na alloy structural ígwè akara ule gụnyere 15mog, 20mog, 12crmog, 15crmog, 12cr2mog, 12crmovg, 12cr3movsitib, wdg.

ASME SA-106/SA-106M-2015——Ihe bụ́ isi: GR.B GR.C

ASTMA210 (A210M) -2012— — Isi ihe: SA210 GRA1.SA210 GrC

ASME SA-213/SA-213M- Ihe alloy ndị a na-ejikarị: T11, T12, T22 T23 T91 P92

ASTM A335/A335M-2018- Isi ihe: P11 P12 P22 P5 P9 P23 P91 P92

Ọkpụkpọ igwe na fatịlaịza na ọkpọkọ kemịkal:GB/T8162-2008Ọkpụkpụ nchara na-enweghị ntụpọ maka iji ihe eji arụ ọrụ - ihe ndị bụ isi bụ 10.20.35.45.Q345

BS EN 10210-1-2006Akụkụ arụrụ arụ nchara a na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na ngalaba oghere dị mma maka ihe owuwu ígwè—S235GRH S275JOH S275J2H S355JOH S355J2H

ASTM A53A53M-2012Ọkpụkpụ ígwè na-enweghị ntụpọ, welded na nke na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ - GR.Otu GR.B

Ọkpụkpụ ígwè na-esighị ike maka mgbawa mmanụ alaGB9948-2006 - tubes nchara na-enweghị ntụpọ maka tubes fumace, ọkpọkọ mgbanwe ọkụ na pipeline na mmanụ ala na ụlọ nrụpụta, ihe ndị bụ isi bụ: akara ogo carbon structural steel dị elu bụ 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG, alloy structural steel akara ule 15Mo 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, wdg;

Ọkpọkpọ Ọkpụkpụ Nrụpụta Mmanụ Ala: API 5L (Version 45) Line Pipes PSL1 PSL2, GB/T 9711-2017 ígwè ọkpọkọ maka mmanụ na gas mmepụta pipeline usoro njem, isi ihe: GR.B X42 X52 X60 X65 X70;

API SPEC 5CT-2018 Casing na Tubing, ihe ndị bụ isi bụ: J55 K55 N80 N80Q L80 L80Q P110