Madaidaicin zaɓi na bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi yana da masaniya sosai!

Menene buƙatun don zaɓar bututun ƙarfe marasa ƙarfi don jigilar ruwa da aka saba amfani da su a masana'antar sarrafa mu? Dubi taƙaitaccen ma'aikatan bututunmu na matsin lamba:

Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi bututu ne na ƙarfe ba tare da walda waɗanda aka kera ta hanyoyin magance zafi kamar huda da mirgina mai zafi ba.

Idan ya cancanta, bututun magani mai zafi za a iya ƙara yin sanyi zuwa siffar da ake bukata, girman da aikin. A halin yanzu, bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi (DN15-600) sune bututun da aka fi amfani da su a cikin kayan aikin samar da petrochemical.

(一) Carbon Karfe Bututu mara kyau

Material Karfe Matsayi: 10#,20#,09MnV,16Mna iri 4

Daidaito:

GB8163 Bututun Karfe mara sumul don Sabis na Ruwa

GB/T9711 Masana'antar man fetur da iskar gas - Bututun ƙarfe don tsarin jigilar bututun mai

GB6479 High-matsi sumul karfe bututu don taki kayan aiki"

GB9948 Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi don fashewar mai

GB3087 Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi don tukunyar jirgi mara nauyi da matsakaici

GB/T5310 Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi da bututu don tukunyar jirgi mai ƙarfi

GB/T8163: Material Karfe Grade: 10#, 20#, Q345, da dai sauransu.

Iyakar aikace-aikace: mai, man fetur da gas da kuma jama'a kafofin watsa labarai wanda zane zafin jiki ne kasa da 350 ℃ da matsa lamba ne kasa da 10MPa.

GB6479: Material karfe Grade: 10#, 20G, 16Mn, da dai sauransu.

Iyakar aikace-aikace: man fetur da gas tare da zane zazzabi -40～400 ℃ da ƙirar ƙira 10.0～32.0MPa.

GB9948:

Material karfe Grade: 10#, 20#, da dai sauransu.

Iyakar aikace-aikace: lokatai inda GB/T8163 karfe bututu bai dace ba.

GB3087:

Material karfe Grade: 10#, 20#, da dai sauransu.

Iyakar aikace-aikacen: tururi mai zafi da ruwan zãfi don ƙananan da matsakaicin matsa lamba.

GB5310:

Material karfe Grade: 20G da dai sauransu.

Iyakar aikace-aikace: superheated tururi matsakaici na babban matsin tukunyar jirgi

Dubawa: Gabaɗaya bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa dole ne a yi nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da sinadarai, gwajin tensile, gwajin walƙiya da gwajin ruwa. GB5310, GB6479, da GB9948 daidaitattun bututun ƙarfe, baya ga gwaje-gwajen da dole ne a yi akan bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa, gwajin flaring da gwajin tasiri kuma ana buƙatar; da masana'antu dubawa bukatun ga wadannan uku karfe bututu ne in mun gwada da m. Ma'auni na GB6479 kuma yana yin buƙatu na musamman don ƙaƙƙarfan tasiri mai ƙarancin zafi na kayan. Baya ga buƙatun gwajin gabaɗaya na bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa, bututun ƙarfe na ma'aunin GB3087 kuma yana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen lanƙwasa sanyi. GB/T8163 daidaitaccen bututun ƙarfe, ban da buƙatun gwaji na gabaɗaya don bututun ƙarfe na jigilar ruwa, bisa ga yarjejeniyar yana buƙatar gwajin faɗaɗa da gwajin lankwasa sanyi. Abubuwan da ke tattarawa daga waɗannan nau'ikan shambura guda biyu ba su da tsayayye kamar nau'ikan uku na farko.

Kera: GB/T8163 da GB3087 daidaitattun bututun ƙarfe galibi ana narkar da su ne a buɗaɗɗen murhu ko mai canzawa, kuma ƙazantarsu da lahanin ciki suna da girma. GB9948 galibi yana amfani da narkakken tanderun lantarki. Yawancin su sun shiga tsarin gyaran gyare-gyare a waje da tanderun, kuma abun da ke ciki da lahani na ciki suna da ƙananan ƙananan. Ka'idojin GB6479 da GB5310 da kansu sun tsara buƙatun don tacewa a wajen tanderun, tare da ƙarancin ƙazanta da lahani na ciki, da mafi kyawun kayan abu.

Zaɓin: Gabaɗaya, GB / T8163 daidaitaccen bututun ƙarfe ya dace da mai, mai da gas da kafofin watsa labarai na jama'a tare da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa da 350 ° C da matsa lamba na ƙasa da 10.0MPa; don kafofin watsa labarai na mai, mai da iskar gas, lokacin da zafin ƙirar ƙira ya wuce 350 ° C Ko lokacin da matsa lamba ya fi 10.0MPa, GB9948 ko GB6479 daidaitaccen bututun ƙarfe ya kamata a yi amfani da su; don bututun da ke aiki a cikin hydrogen, ko bututun da ke aiki a cikin yanayin lalatawar damuwa, GB9948 ko GB6479 ya kamata a yi amfani da su. Duk bututun ƙarfe na carbon da aka yi amfani da su a ƙananan zafin jiki (kasa da -20 ° C) yakamata su ɗauki ma'aunin GB6479, kuma kawai ya ƙayyadad da buƙatun don tasirin ƙarancin zafi na kayan. Ma'auni na GB3087 da GB5310 sune matakan da aka saita musamman don bututun ƙarfe na tukunyar jirgi. "Dokokin Kula da Tsaro na Boiler" ya jaddada cewa duk bututun da aka haɗa da tukunyar jirgi yana cikin iyakokin kulawa, kuma aikace-aikacen kayan aiki da ka'idoji ya kamata su bi ka'idodin "Dokokin Kula da Tsaro na Boiler". Saboda haka, ana amfani da su a cikin tukunyar jirgi, tashoshin wutar lantarki, dumama da wuraren samar da petrochemical. Duk bututun tururi na jama'a (wanda tsarin ke bayarwa) yakamata ya ɗauki matsayin GB3087 ko GB5310. Yana da kyau a lura cewa farashin bututun ƙarfe tare da kyawawan ka'idodin bututun ƙarfe yana da inganci. Misali, farashin GB9948 ya kusan 1/5 sama da farashin kayan GB8163. Sabili da haka, lokacin zabar ka'idodin bututun ƙarfe na ƙarfe, ya kamata a ba da cikakkiyar la'akari da yanayin amfani, wanda dole ne ya zama abin dogaro kuma Kasance mai tattalin arziki. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura cewa ba za a yi amfani da bututun ƙarfe daidai da GB/T20801 da TSGD0001, GB3087 da GB8163 ka'idoji don bututun GC1 (sai dai idan ɗaya bayan ɗaya shine ultrasonic, ingancin ba ƙasa da L2.5 ba, kuma yana iya zama). ana amfani dashi don GC1 tare da matsa lamba mai ƙira wanda bai fi bututun 4.0Mpa ba).

(二)Low gami bututu maras sumul karfe bututu

A petrochemical samar kayan aiki, da aka saba amfani da chromium-molybdenum karfe da chromium-molybdenum-vanadium karfe sumul karfe bututu matsayin GB9948 "Seamless karfe bututu for petroleum fatattaka" GB6479 "High-matsi sumul karfe bututu for taki kayan aiki" GB/T5310 "Seamless karfe bututu don high-matsi tukunyar jirgi》GB9948 ya ƙunshi chromium-molybdenum karfe abu maki: 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 1Cr2Mo, 1Cr5Mo, da dai sauransu The chromium-molybdenum karfe abu maki kunshe a GB6479: 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, karfe molybdenum, da dai sauransu vanadium karfe maki: 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12Cr1MoVG, da sauransu. Daga cikin su, wanda aka fi amfani da shi shine GB9948, duba sama don yanayin zaɓi

(三) bututu bakin karfe mara kyau

Ka'idojin bututun bakin karfe da aka fi amfani da su sune:

Akwai ma'auni guda biyar: GB/T14976, GB13296, GB9948, GB6479, da GB5310. A cikin su, maki biyu ko uku ne kawai aka jera maki kayan bakin karfe a cikin ma'auni uku na ƙarshe, kuma ba a saba amfani da su ba.

Don haka, lokacin da ake amfani da ma'aunin bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi a aikin injiniya, ana amfani da ma'aunin GB/T14976 da GB13296.

GB/T14976 "Bakin karfe bututu maras nauyi don jigilar ruwa":

Material maki: 304, 304L da sauran nau'ikan 19 sun dace da jigilar ruwa gabaɗaya.

GB13296 "Bakin Karfe bututun ƙarfe maras sumul don tukunyar jirgi da masu musayar zafi":

Material maki: 304, 304L da sauran 25 iri.

Daga cikin su, ultra-low-carbon bakin karfe (304L, 316L) yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata. A karkashin wasu yanayi, zai iya maye gurbin barga bakin karfe (321, 347) don juriya na lalata ga kafofin watsa labarai; ultra-low-carbon bakin karfe yana da low high-zazzabi inji Properties, kullum kawai amfani da yanayin zafi kasa 525 ℃; barga austenitic bakin karfe yana da duka mai kyau lalata juriya da kuma high zafin jiki inji Properties, amma Ti a 321 ne sauƙi oxidized da kuma rasa a lokacin waldi , Ta haka ne rage ta anti-lalata yi, da farashin ne in mun gwada da high, irin wannan abu ne kullum amfani a more. lokuta masu mahimmanci, 304, 316 yana da aikin rigakafin lalata gabaɗaya, farashin yana da arha, don haka ana amfani dashi ko'ina.