Bututun karfe wanda diamita na waje zuwa kaurin bango bai kai 20 ba ana kiran bututun karfe mai kauri.

An fi amfani da shi azaman bututun hako albarkatun ƙasa, fasa bututu don masana'antar petrochemical, bututun tukunyar jirgi, bututu masu ɗaukar nauyi da ingantattun bututun tsari don motoci, tarakta, da jirgin sama.

Tsarin masana'anta na bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi

1. Hot mirgina (extruded sumul karfe bututu): zagaye tube billet → dumama → huda → uku yi giciye mirgina, ci gaba da mirgina ko extrusion → bututu kau → size (ko rage) → sanyaya → Madaidaici → na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa gwajin (ko gane flaw) → alama → ajiyar kaya.

Abubuwan da ake amfani da su don mirgina bututun bututun bututun bututu zagaye ne, na'ura mai yankan bututu ana yanke su a cikin billet mai tsayin kusan mita 1 kuma a aika zuwa tanderu don dumama ta bel mai ɗaukar nauyi. Ana ciyar da billet ɗin a cikin tanderun kuma ana dumama a zafin jiki na kusan digiri 1200 na ma'aunin celcius. Man fetur shine hydrogen ko acetylene. Kula da zafin jiki a cikin tanderun baturi ne mai mahimmanci. Bayan bututun zagaye ya fita daga cikin tanderun, dole ne a huda shi ta na'urar buga naushi. Gabaɗaya, injin huda da aka fi kowa shine na'urar sokin abin nadi. Irin wannan injin huda yana da ingantaccen samarwa, ingancin samfur mai kyau, haɓaka diamita mai girma, kuma yana iya sa nau'ikan ƙarfe iri-iri. Bayan an huda, billet ɗin zagayen yana jujjuyawa a jere, a ci gaba da birgima ko fitar da birgima guda uku. Bayan matsi, cire bututun kuma daidaita. Na'urar mai girman girman tana jujjuya cikin babban sauri ta cikin juzu'in juzu'i don haƙa ramuka a cikin babur karfe don samar da bututun ƙarfe. Diamita na ciki na bututun ƙarfe an ƙaddara ta tsawon tsayin diamita na waje na diamita na na'ura mai ƙima. Bayan girman bututun karfe, yana shiga hasumiya mai sanyaya kuma ana sanyaya shi ta hanyar fesa ruwa. Bayan an sanyaya bututun karfe, za a daidaita shi. Bayan an daidaita, ana aika bututun ƙarfe zuwa ga gano lahani na ƙarfe (ko gwajin ruwa) ta bel mai ɗaukar nauyi don gano aibi na ciki. Idan akwai tsagewa, kumfa, da sauransu a cikin bututun ƙarfe, za a gano shi. Bayan ingancin duban bututun ƙarfe, ana buƙatar zaɓi mai ƙarfi na hannu. Bayan ingancin dubawa na bututun ƙarfe, fenti lambar serial, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, lambar ƙirar samarwa, da dai sauransu tare da fenti. An ɗaga shi cikin ma'ajin ta hanyar crane.

2.Cold zana (birgima) bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi: zagaye tube billet → dumama → huda → take → annealing → pickling → oiling (copper plating) → Multi-pass sanyi zane (sanyi mirgina) → billet tube → zafi magani → mikewa → ruwa Gwajin matsawa (gano aibi) → alama → ajiyar kaya.

Bututun samar da bututu mai rarrabuwa-zafi birgima, bututu mai sanyi, bututu mai sanyi, bututu mai extruded, bututu jacking

1. Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi don tsari (GB/T8162-1999) bututun ƙarfe ne mara nauyi don tsarin gabaɗaya da tsarin injiniya.

2. Bututun ƙarfe marasa ƙarfi don jigilar ruwa (GB/T8163-1999) bututun ƙarfe ne na yau da kullun da ake amfani da su don jigilar ruwa, mai, gas da sauran ruwaye.

3. An yi amfani da bututun ƙarfe marasa ƙarfi don ƙananan matsa lamba da matsa lamba (GB3087-1999) don kera bututun tururi mai zafi, bututun ruwa mai tafasa don ƙananan matsa lamba masu ƙarfi na sassa daban-daban da bututun tururi mai zafi don tukunyar jirgi na locomotive, manyan bututun wuta, ƙaramin wuta. bututu da baka tubalin High quality-carbon tsarin karfe zafi-birgima da sanyi-jawo (birgima) sumul karfe shambura ga bututu.

4. Sumul karfe bututu ga high-matsi boilers (GB5310-1995) ne high quality-carbon karfe, gami karfe da bakin zafi-resistant karfe sumul karfe bututu ga dumama surface na ruwa-tube tukunyar jirgi tare da babban matsa lamba da kuma sama.

5. High-matsi sumul karfe bututu ga taki kayan aiki (GB6479-2000) ne high quality-carbon tsarin karfe da gami karfe sumul karfe bututu dace da sinadaran kayan aiki da bututu da aiki zafin jiki na -40 ~ 400 ℃ da kuma aiki matsa lamba na 10 ~ 30 Ma.

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7. Bututun ƙarfe don hakowa ƙasa (YB235-70) bututun ƙarfe ne da ake amfani da su don hakowa daga sassan ƙasa. Ana iya raba su zuwa bututun rawar soja, ƙwanƙwasa, bututun core, bututun casing da bututun daɗaɗɗa bisa ga manufarsu.

8. Bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi don hakowa na lu'u-lu'u (GB3423-82) bututun ƙarfe ne marasa ƙarfi don bututun rawar soja, sanduna masu mahimmanci, da casings da ake amfani da su don hakowa na lu'u-lu'u.

9. Bututun hako mai (YB528-65) bututun karfe ne maras sumul da ake amfani da shi wajen yin kauri a ciki ko waje a dukkan bangarorin hakar mai. An raba bututun ƙarfe zuwa nau'i biyu: waya da mara waya. Ana haɗa bututun da aka haɗa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa, kuma bututun da ba a haɗa su ba ana haɗa su tare da haɗin gwiwar kayan aiki ta hanyar walda.

10. Carbon karfe sumul karfe bututu ga jiragen ruwa (GB5213-85) su ne carbon karfe sumul karfe bututu amfani a yi na Class I matsa lamba tsarin bututu, Class II matsa lamba bututu tsarin, boilers da superheaters. The aiki zafin jiki na carbon karfe sumul karfe bututu bango ba ya wuce 450 ℃, yayin da cewa na gami karfe sumul karfe bututu bango ya wuce 450 ℃.

11. Sumul karfe shambura ga mota axle hannayen riga (GB3088-82) ne high quality-carbon tsarin karfe da gami tsarin karfe zafi-birgima sumul karfe shambura ga yi na mota axle hannayen riga da kuma fitar da axle axle shambura.

12. Manyan bututun mai na injinan dizal (GB3093-86) bututun ƙarfe ne da ba a taɓa yin sanyi ba da ake amfani da su don kera bututu mai matsa lamba don tsarin allurar injin dizal.

13. Madaidaicin diamita na ciki maras nauyi na bututu na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da kuma pneumatic cylinders (GB8713-88) suna da sanyi-jawo ko sanyi-birgima madaidaicin bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi tare da madaidaicin diamita na ciki don kera na'urorin lantarki da pneumatic.

14. Cold-ja ko sanyi-birgima daidaici sumul karfe bututu (GB3639-83) ne mai sanyi-jawo ko sanyi-birgima daidaici m karfe bututu da high girma daidaito da kuma kyau surface gama ga inji tsarin da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa kayan aiki. Yin amfani da madaidaicin bututun ƙarfe na ƙarfe don kera tsarin injiniya ko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na iya adana sa'o'i na machining, haɓaka amfani da kayan, kuma a lokaci guda yana taimakawa haɓaka ingancin samfur.

15. Tsarin bakin karfe sumul karfe bututu (GB/T14975-1994) wani zafi birgima bakin karfe da aka yi da lalata-resistant bututu da tsarin sassa da sassa da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin sinadarai, man fetur, yadi, likita, abinci, inji da sauran masana'antu. ( Extruded, faɗaɗa) da sanyi ja (birgima) bututun ƙarfe maras sumul.

16. Bakin karfe bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa (GB/T14976-1994) suna da zafi-birgima (extruded, faɗaɗa) da bututun ƙarfe mai sanyi (birgima) waɗanda aka yi da bakin karfe don jigilar ruwa.

17. Bututun ƙarfe mara siffa na musamman shine kalmar gabaɗaya don bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi tare da sifofin giciye banda bututun zagaye. Dangane da nau'i daban-daban da girman sashin bututun ƙarfe, ana iya raba shi zuwa bututun ƙarfe na musamman mai siffa (lambar D), mai siffa ta musamman mai siffa ta musamman (lambar BD), da madaidaicin diamita na musamman. -siffa maras sumul karfe bututu (lambar BJ). Ana amfani da bututun ƙarfe na musamman maras sumul na musamman a sassa daban-daban na tsarin, kayan aiki da sassa na inji. Idan aka kwatanta da bututu mai zagaye, bututu masu siffa na musamman gabaɗaya suna da mafi girman lokutan rashin aiki da modulus na sashe, kuma suna da girma juriya da juriya, waɗanda za su iya rage nauyin tsarin sosai da adana ƙarfe.

Gabaɗaya, ana yin bututun ƙarfe maras sumul da 10, 20, 30, 35, 45 da sauran ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon kamar 16Mn, 5MnV da sauran ƙananan ƙarfe na tsarin ƙarfe ko 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, 45Mn2, 40MnB da sauran ƙarfe masu zafi. mirgina ko sanyi birgima. Bututu marasa sumul da aka yi da ƙananan ƙarfe kamar 10 da 20 ana amfani da su musamman don bututun jigilar ruwa. Ana amfani da bututu marasa ƙarfi da aka yi da matsakaicin ƙarfe na carbon kamar 45 da 40Cr don kera sassan injina, kamar sassan motoci da tarakta.　Gabaɗaya, dole ne a yi amfani da bututun ƙarfe maras sumul don yin ƙarfi da kuma gwaje-gwajen lallashi. Ana isar da bututun ƙarfe mai zafi a cikin yanayin zafi ko yanayin zafi; Ana isar da bututun ƙarfe mai sanyi a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi. Bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi don ƙananan matsa lamba masu ƙarfi da matsakaici: ana amfani da su don kera tukunyar jirgi mara nauyi da matsakaici daban-daban, bututun tururi mai zafi, bututun ruwan zãfi, bututun bangon ruwa da bututun tururi mai zafi don masu tukunyar jirgi, manyan bututun hayaki, ƙananan bututun hayaki da bututun bulo mai ruɗi. .

　　Yi amfani da ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin ƙarfe na ƙarfe mai zafi mai jujjuyawa ko bututun ƙarfe mara sumul (dial). An yi shi ne da karfe na 10 da na 20. Baya ga tabbatar da abun da ke tattare da sinadarai da kaddarorin inji, dole ne a yi gwajin hydraulic, irin su crimping, flaring, da flattening. Ana kawo kayan da aka yi da zafi a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, kuma ana isar da samfuran sanyi a yanayin zafi.

18.GB18248-2000 (Seamless karfe bututu na gas cylinders) da aka yafi amfani da daban-daban gas da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Silinda. Abubuwan wakilcinsa sune 37Mn, 34Mn2V, 35CrMo, da sauransu.

Gano bututun ƙarfe na jabu da maras kauri

1. Fake mai kauri-banga bututu suna da sauƙin ninka.

2. Fake bututun ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri sau da yawa suna da rami a saman.

3. Fake bututun karfe mai kauri mai kauri suna da saurin tabo.

4. Fuskar kayan karya da na ƙasa yana da sauƙin fashe.

5. Fake mai kauri-banga bututu suna da sauƙin karce.

6. Bututun ƙarfe mai kauri na jabu ba su da ƙyalli na ƙarfe kuma suna da haske ja ko kama da ƙarfe na alade.

7. Haƙarƙari na jabun bututun ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri suna da sirara da ƙasa, kuma galibi suna bayyana rashin gamsuwa.

8. Sashin giciye na bututun ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri mai kauri ne m.

10. Kayan bututun ƙarfe na karya mai kauri mai kauri yana ɗauke da ƙazanta da yawa kuma ƙarancin ƙarfe ya yi ƙanƙanta.

11. Diamita na ciki na bututun ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri yana jujjuyawa sosai.

12. Alamar kasuwanci da bugu na bututu masu inganci sun daidaita daidaitattun daidaito.

13. Don manyan zaren guda uku tare da diamita fiye da bututun ƙarfe 16, nisa tsakanin alamomin biyu ya fi IM.

14. The a tsaye sanduna na shoddy karfe rebar ne sau da yawa wavy.

15. Masu kera bututun ƙarfe na karya mai kauri-bango ba sa tuƙi, don haka marufi yana kwance. Gefen yana da murfi.