1. Hoʻolauna maʻamau
ASME SA-106/SA-106M: He maʻamau kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) a ​​hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka seamless.paipu kila kalaponai loko o ka wela wela a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
ASTM A106: He maʻamau kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) no nā paipu kila kalapona ʻole i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe.
2. Papa
GR.A: Haʻahaʻa ikaika pae, kūpono no ka haʻahaʻa kaomi a me ka wela.
GR.B: ʻO ka pae ikaika haʻahaʻa, ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia, kūpono no ka nui o ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā noi kiʻekiʻe.
GR.C: Ke kūlana ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kūpono i nā koi kiʻekiʻe a me nā koi wela.
3. Nā kahua noi
paipu kila kalapona ʻoleASME SA-106/SA-106Mloaʻa i ka laulā o nā noi ma nā ʻoihana aʻe:

ʻAila a me ke kinoea: hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā wai wela kiʻekiʻe.

Kemika: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana paipu i nā kaʻina hana kemika.

ʻO nā paila a me nā mea kanu mana: hoʻohana ʻia no nā paila a me nā ʻōnaehana pipili wela kiʻekiʻe.

Ka hana moku: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana paipu wela kiʻekiʻe ma nā moku.
Mea hana mīkini: hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana mechanical like ʻole.
Kaʻa a me ka aerospace: hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana ikaika kiʻekiʻe a lōʻihi.
Ka ikehu a me ke kālaihonua: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana pipeline kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe i ka eli ikehu a me ka ʻimi ʻāina.
Hana ʻia: hoʻohana ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale ma nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe.
ʻoihana koa: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana pipeline kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe no nā mea kaua.
4. Na ano
ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe: hiki ke mālama i nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa kemika i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe.
Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe: loaʻa ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika tensile, a hiki ke kū i nā kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino: maikaʻi ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a kūpono i nā wahi hana ʻino.
5. Nā koi ʻenehana
Hoʻohui kemika: pono e hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻohui kemika i nā kūlana kūpono, me ka ʻike o nā mea e like me ke kalapona, manganese, phosphorus, a me ka sulfur.
Mechanical waiwai: me nā hōʻailona e like me ka ikaika tensile, ka ikaika hua a me ka elongation, pono e hoʻokō i nā koi maʻamau.
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻole luku: ʻo nā ʻano hoʻokolohua maʻamau ʻole e like me ka hoʻāʻo ultrasonic a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻāpana magnetic e pono e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o loko o ka paipu.
paipu kila kalapona ʻoleASME SA-106/SA-106Mhe kuleana koʻikoʻi i nā noi ʻoihana.Me kona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe kaomi hana, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻano hana paʻakikī.