15Mo3 (15MoG): He paipu kila ma DIN17175 maʻamau. ʻO ia ke anawaena liʻiliʻi ʻo carbon molybdenum steel tube no ka paila a me ka superheater, a me ke kila ikaika wela ʻano pearlescent. I ka makahiki 1995, ua hoʻololi ʻia iGB5310a kapa ʻia ʻo 15MoG. He mea maʻalahi kona haku mele, akā aia ka molybdenum, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wela ma mua o ke kila kalapona ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka hana like me ke kila kalapona. Ma muli o kāna hana maikaʻi, kumu kūʻai maʻamau, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka honua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kila i ka graphitization ma hope o ka hana lōʻihi ma ke kiʻekiʻe wela, no laila e hoʻomalu ʻia kona mahana hana ma lalo o 510 ℃, a ʻo ka nui o Al i hoʻohui ʻia i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e kaupalena ʻia e hoʻomalu a hoʻopaneʻe i ke kaʻina hana graphitization. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia paipu kila no ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa wela reheater. Aia ka mahana o ka paia ma lalo o 510 ℃. ʻO kona haku mele C0.12-0.20, SI0.10-0.35, MN0.40-0.80, S≤0.035, P≤0.035, MO0.25-0.35; ʻO ka pae ikaika maʻamau σs≥270-285, σb≥450-600 MPa; ʻO ka delta plastik 22 a ʻoi aku paha.

15CrMoG:GB5310-95 kila (e pili ana i ka 1CR-1 / 2Mo a me 11 / 4CR-1 / 2MO-Si kila i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka honua), ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona ʻike chromium ma mua o 12CrMo kila, no laila ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka wela ma 500-550 ℃. Ke piʻi ka mahana ma mua o 550 ℃, emi nui ka ikaika wela o ke kila. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma 500-550 ℃, ʻaʻole hiki mai ka graphitization, akā hiki mai ka carbide spheroidization a me ka alloying element redistribution, e alakaʻi ana i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika wela o ke kila. He kūpaʻa maikaʻi ke kila i ka hoʻomaha ma 450 ℃. He maikaʻi kāna hana paipu a me ke kaʻina hana kuʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ia e like me ke kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi ʻana i ka mokuahi a me ka pahu hui pū me ka mahu parameter ma lalo o 550 ℃, superheater tube me ka pā wela ma lalo o 560 ℃, etc. ʻO kāna haku mele C0.12-0.18, Si0.17-0.37, MN0.40 -0.70, S≤0.030, P≤0.030, CR0.80-1.10, MO0.40-0.55; Ma lalo o ke kūlana hoʻonā maʻamau, ka pae ikaika σs≥235, σb≥440-640 MPa; ʻO ka delta palaki p 21.

T22 (P22), 12Cr2MoG: T22 (P22) heASME SA213 (SA335) nā mea code, i komo i lokoGB5310-95. I ka CR-Mo kila moʻo, kona thermal ikaika hana he 'ano kiʻekiʻe, ka like mehana wela ikaika a me allowable stress ma mua o 9CR-1Mo kila a oi aku, no laila, ua hoʻohana nui 'ia i ka haole thermal mana, nuklea mana a me ka puʻe moku. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kāna ʻoihana ʻenehana i kā mākou 12Cr1MoV, no laila ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana ʻana i ka paila wela wela. E hoʻohana wale i ka wā e koi ʻia (ʻoi loa i ka wā i hoʻolālā ʻia a hana ʻia e like me ke code ASME). ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kila i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela a loaʻa ka plasticity lōʻihi kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana wili maikaʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo T22 liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me ka wela o ka pā metala ma lalo o 580 ℃ superheater a me ka reheater hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻili, etc.,P22ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pahu metala nui ma mua o 565 ℃ superheater / reheater hui pū pahu a me ka paipu mahu. ʻO kona haku mele C≤0.15, Si≤0.50, MN0.30-0.60, S≤0.025, P≤0.025, CR1.90-2.60, MO0.87-1.13; Ma lalo o ka maʻamau maʻamau, ka pae ikaika σs≥280, σb≥450-600 MPa; ʻO ka delta plastik 20 a ʻoi aku paha.

12Cr1MoVG:GB5310-95 nano kila maʻamau, ʻo ia ka puʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka home, ka puʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, subcritical power plant boiler superheater, pahu hōʻiliʻili a me ka pahu mahu nui i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻohui kemika a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka pā 12Cr1MoV ma ke ʻano like. He mea maʻalahi kona hoʻohui kemika, ʻo ka nui o nā mea i hoʻohuihui ʻia ma lalo o 2%, no ke kalapona haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻano pearlescent ʻano o ke kila ikaika wela. Hiki i ka Vanadium ke hana i ka carbide paʻa VC me ke kalapona, hiki ke hana i ka chromium a me ka molybdenum i ke kila i makemake nui ʻia i ka ferrite, a lohi i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka chromium a me ka molybdenum mai ka ferrite a hiki i ka carbide, i ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke kila i ke kiʻekiʻe wela. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i hoʻohuiʻia i loko o kēia kila he hapalua wale nō o ka 2.25 CR-1Mo kila i hoʻohana nuiʻia ma waho, akāʻo ka ikaika paʻa ma 580 ℃ a me 100,000 h he 40% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mea hope. Eia kekahi, maʻalahi ka hana hana a maikaʻi ka hana kuʻi. I ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina hana wela, hiki ke māʻona i ka hana piha a me ka ikaika wela. Hōʻike ka hana maoli o ka mana mana e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka 12Cr1MoV main pipeline ma hope o ka hana palekana ma 540 ℃ no 100,000 mau hola. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu nui-diameter e like me ka pahu hōʻiliʻili a me ka conduit mokumahu nui o ka parameter mahu ma lalo o 565 ℃, a hoʻohana ʻia ka paipu liʻiliʻi no ka paila wela wela o ka pā metala ma lalo o 580 ℃.

12Cr2MoWVTiB (G102) :Gb5310-95 i ke kila, no ka ulu ana o Kina i ka makahiki 1960, haʻahaʻa kalapona, haʻahaʻa alloy (kahi liʻiliʻi o ka likeʻole) Bainite 'ano wela ikaika kila, mai ka 1970s ua komo i loko o ke Kuhina o Metallurgical 'Oihana maʻamau YB529-70 a i kēia manawa ka national standard, ma ka hopena o 1980 ke kila ma o ka 'Oihana o Metallurgical Industry, ke Kuhina o Mīkini a me ka 'Oihana o ka uila mana hui identification. Loaʻa i ke kila nā waiwai mechanical piha, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona ikaika wela a me ka mahana o ka lawelawe ma mua o nā kila like ma waho, a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi mau kila austenitic chromium-nickel ma 620 ℃. ʻO kēia no ka mea he nui nā ʻano mea hoʻohui i ke kila, a ua hoʻohui pū ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana o ka oxidation o nā mea e like me Cr, Si, no laila hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ka wela o ka lawelawe i 620 ℃. ʻO ka hana maoli o ka mana mana e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole e loli nui ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o ka paipu kila ma hope o ka hana lōʻihi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ia e like me superheater tube a me reheater tube no ultra-high parameter boiler me ka metala wela ≤620 ℃. ʻO kona haku mele C0.08-0.15, Si0.45-0.75, MN0.45-0.65, S≤0.030, P≤0.030, CR1.60-2.10, MO0.50-0.65, V0.28-0.42, TI0.082 -0.18, W0.30-0.55, B0.002-0.008; Ma lalo o ke kūlana hoʻonā maʻamau, ka pae ikaika σs≥345, σb≥540-735 MPa; P 18.

Sa-213t91 (335P91) : Helu kila maASME SA-213(335) maʻamau. Hoʻomohala ʻia e ka Rubber Ridge National Laboratory o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mana nuklea (hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe) kiʻekiʻe ka wela o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kila ma ke kila T9 (9CR-1MO), ma ka palena o ka maʻiʻo kalapona, ʻoi aku ka paʻa ʻana i ka ʻike o P a me S a me nā mea koena ʻē aʻe i ka manawa like, Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻano hou o ka ferritic heat-resistant alloy steel ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā huina o 0.030-0.070% N, 0.18-0.25% V a me 0.06-0.10% Nb e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe palaoa. ʻo iaASME SA-213kolamu kila maʻamau, i hoʻololi ʻia i lokoGB5310maʻamau i ka makahiki 1995 a ʻo 10Cr9Mo1VNb ka papa. Ua helu ʻia ke kūlana honua ISO/ DIS9399-2 e like me X10 CRMOVNB9-1.

Ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe o ka chromium maʻiʻo (9%), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona pale ʻana i ka oxidation, corrosion resistance, kiʻekiʻe wela ka ikaika a me ka ʻole o ka graphitization ma mua o nā mea hao hao haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka Molybdenum (1%) ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai i ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe a pale i ke ʻano embrittling wela o ke kila chromium. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me T9, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka wiliwili a me nā waiwai luhi wela, ʻo ka ikaika paʻa ma 600 ℃ ʻekolu mau manawa ma mua o ka mea hope, a mālama ʻia ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa o ke kila T9 (9CR-1Mo). Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka austenitic stainless steel, liʻiliʻi ka mea hoʻonui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka conductivity thermal, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka lōʻihi (e like me TP304 austenitic steel ratio, a hiki i ka mahana ikaika he 625 ℃, ka mahana kaumaha like 607 ℃). No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai mechanical piha, ka hale paʻa a me nā waiwai ma mua a ma hope o ka wā ʻelemakule, maikaʻi ke kuʻi ʻana a me ke kaʻina hana, kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika lōʻihi a me ka pale oxidation. Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka superheater a me ka reheater me ka mahana metala ≤650 ℃ i ka paila. ʻO kona haku mele C0.08-0.12, Si0.20-0.50, MN0.30-0.60, S≤0.010, P≤0.020, CR8.00-9.50, MO0.85-1.05, V0.18-0.25, Al≤ , NB0.06-0.10, N0.03-0.07; Ma lalo o ka maʻamau maʻamau, ka pae ikaika σs≥415, σb≥585 MPa; ʻO ka delta plastik 20 a ʻoi aku paha.