ʻO ke ʻano hana hana paipu kila ʻole
1. He aha nā hana kumu no ka hana ʻana i nā paipu kila ʻole?
① Hoʻomākaukau hakahaka ② Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka paipu ③ Puka ④ Kaʻa ʻana o ka paipu ⑤ Hoʻoemi a hōʻemi i ke anawaena ⑥ Hoʻopau, nānā ʻana a hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka mālama ʻana.
2. He aha nā ʻāpana hana no nā paipu kila wili ʻole ʻia?
Kaʻaʻa mau, kaʻa keʻa
Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai nā paipu kila e like me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana?
ʻO ka paipu hoʻouna (GB/T 8163): ka ʻaila a me ka paipu hoʻoili kinoea maoli, ʻo nā mea i hōʻike ʻia he kila No. 20, ke kila kila Q345, etc.
ʻO ka paipu hoʻolālā (GB / T 8162): ʻO nā mea lunamakaainana he kila kalapona, No. 20, a me No. 45 steel; kila kila Q345, 20Cr,
40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo, a pela aku.
I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe e like me nā paipu aila, nā paipu paila, nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā paipu halihali a me kekahi mau paipu lawe kiʻekiʻe.
He aha nā mea e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai o nā paipu kila?
ʻO ke kaʻa kaʻa, ke kaumaha kumu/kaumaha maoli, ʻeke, lā hāʻawi, ke ʻano uku, ke kumu kūʻai makeke, ka ʻenehana hana, ka hemahema o ka huahana ma ka mākeke, nā mea kūʻai kahiko/nā mea kūʻai hou, ka mea kūʻai aku, ka ʻike kamaʻilio, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, nā kulekele aupuni, koi mākeke, Mea, brand, inspection, quality, qualification, steel mill policy, exchange rate, shipping terms, international situation