GB/T5310-2008He ʻano paipu kila maikaʻi loa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pahu boiler i loko o ka pahu boiler maʻamau a me ke kiʻekiʻe kaomi boiler tube e like me kāna hana wela kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu paila kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe no ka hana ʻana i nā kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe a ma luna o ke kaomi ʻana i nā paila mahu, nā paipu a me nā mea kila kila kila kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ke kila kila a me ke kila wela ʻole. [1] Ke hana nei kēia mau paipu boiler ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela a me ke kaomi, e hana ana i ke kinoea flue wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka mahu wai, kahi e maʻalahi i ka oxidation a me ka corrosion.

ʻO ka papa kila

(1) Ke kila kila kila kila kiʻekiʻe 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG. 

(2) Ke kila kila 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, etc. 

(3) Rust wela pale kila maʻamau hoʻohana 'ia 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb boiler paipu me ka hoʻopaʻa 'ia kemika haku mele a me ka mechanical waiwai, e hana i ka wai kaomi ho'āʻo, e hana flaring, ho'āʻo hoʻoemi. Hāʻawi ʻia nā paipu kila ma ke kūlana mālama wela. 

Eia kekahi, pono ka microstructure, ka nui o ka palaoa a me ka decarburization layer o nā paipu kila i hoʻopau ʻia.

Ma waho aʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe puʻupuʻu boiler seamless kila paipuGB/T5310-2008i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo nā huahana nui o kā mākou hui:

ASTMA210(A10M)-2012ʻO ka paila hao kalapona kalapona a me ka paipu kila ʻole ka superheater, ʻo ka mea nui ʻo SA210 GrA1, SA210GrC;

ASME SA106/SA-106M-2015, nā mea nui he GR.B gr.C;

ASME SA-213/SA-213M, mea huila maʻamau: T11, T12, T22 a me T23, T91, P92, T5, T5b, T9, T21, T22, T17;

ASTM A335 / A335M - 2018, nā mea nui: P11, P12, P22, P5, P9, P23,P91, P92, P2, etc.