ʻO ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole ke ʻano o ka paipu kila ʻole. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kāna hana ma mua o nā paipu kila maʻamau maʻamau no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o Cr o kēia paipu kila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka corrosion ma mua o nā paipu kila ʻole. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu alloy i ka ʻaila, kemika, ka mana uila, ka paila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole: hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā hale maʻamau a me nā hale mechanical. ʻO kāna mau mea i hōʻike ʻia (nā māka): ke kila kalapona No. 20, No. 45 kila; kila kila Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo, etc.

ʻO nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka lawe ʻana i nā wai: hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā pipeline wai i ka ʻenekinia a me nā mea hana nui. He 20, Q345, etc.

ʻO nā paipu kila liʻiliʻi no nā paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa: hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā pipeline e lawe ana i nā wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka liʻiliʻi i loko o nā paila ʻoihana a me nā boilers home. ʻO nā mea i hōʻike ʻia he kila No. 10 a me No. 20.

ʻO nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole no nā paila kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe: hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā poʻomanaʻo lawe wai a me nā paipu i ke kahua mana a me nā mea kanu nuklea. ʻO 20G, 12Cr1MoVG, 15CrMoG, etc.

ʻO ke kila kalapona a me ke kila carbon-manganese nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole no nā moku: hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka papa I a me II nā paipu kūpaʻa paʻakikī no nā paila moku a me nā mea wela nui. ʻO nā mea ʻelele he 360, 410, 460 kila kila, etc.

ʻO nā paipu kila liʻiliʻi no nā mea hoʻomomona kiʻekiʻe: hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā pipeline wai wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe ma luna o nā mea momona. ʻO nā mea ʻelele he 20, 16Mn, 12CrMo, 12Cr2Mo, etc.

ʻO nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka haki ʻana o ka ʻaila: hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o nā paila, nā mea hoʻololi wela a me nā pipeline lawe wai i nā mea kanu hoʻoheheʻe ʻaila. ʻO kāna mau mea kikoʻī he 20, 12CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, 1Cr19Ni11Nb, etc.

ʻO ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe no nā pahu kinoea: hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā ʻano kinoea like ʻole a me nā pahu hau hydraulic. ʻO kāna mau mea kikoʻī he 37Mn, 34Mn2V, 35CrMo, etc.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā kākoʻo hydraulic, nā cylinders a me nā kolamu i loko o nā mines lanahu, a me nā pahu hydraulic ʻē aʻe a me nā kolamu. ʻO kāna mau mea kikoʻī he 20, 45, 27SiMn, etc.

ʻO ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe no nā ʻenekini diesel: hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā paipu ʻaila kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻōnaehana ʻenekini diesel. ʻO ka paipu kila he paipu huki anu, a ʻo kāna mea hōʻike he 20A.

ʻO nā paipu kila liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i huki ʻia i ke anu a i ʻole ka ʻōwili ʻia: Hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā hale mīkini a me nā mea paʻi kalapona, e koi ana i ka pololei kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻana. ʻO kāna mau mea i hōʻike ʻia he 20, 45 kila, etc.

Mea o ka paipu hao

12Cr1MoV, P22(10CrMo910) T91,P91, P9, T9, WB36, Cr5Mo (P5, STFA25, T5,)15CrMo(P11, P12, STFA22), 13CrMo44, Cr5Mo, 15CrMo, 25CrMo, 30CrMo, 40CrMo.

Welina mai i kāu kūʻai!