Kub Muag rau Tuam Tshoj API 5L Seamless Kab Hlau Yeeb (X42, X46, X52)
Txheej txheem cej luam
Txhua yam peb ua yog feem ntau txuas nrog peb lub ntsiab lus "Cov neeg siv khoom ua ntej, Kev ntseeg ua ntej", mob siab rau kev ua tau zoo thiab xa tawm sai ntawm peb cov kav dej indutrial, Raws li peb tab tom mus tom ntej, peb tuav lub qhov muag ntawm peb cov khoom lag luam puas tau nthuav dav thiab txhim kho. rau peb cov tuam txhab.
Peb tau cog lus kom ua tau raws li koj xav tau thiab daws cov teeb meem kev lag luam uas koj tuaj yeem ntsib nrog koj cov khoom lag luam. Peb cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev daws teeb meem thiab kev paub dav dav ntawm kev siv tshuab ua rau peb nyiam kev xaiv rau peb cov neeg siv khoom.
Raws li tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kav dej steel yeeb nkab yog qhov sib txawv, thiab qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:
1. Tsawg kub tempering (150-250 degrees)
Cov qauv tau txais los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog tempered martensite. Nws lub hom phiaj yog los txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab brittleness ntawm quenched steel thaum tuav lub siab hardness thiab siab hnav tsis kam ntawm quenched steel, thiaj li tsis txhob tawg los yog ntxov ntxov puas thaum siv. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau ntau yam high-carbon tej cuab yeej, ntsuas cov cuab yeej, pipeline steel kav, dov bearings thiab carburized qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam. Lub hardness tom qab tempering yog feem ntau HRC58-64.
2. Nruab nrab kub tempering (250-500 degrees)
Cov qauv tau los ntawm tempering ntawm nruab nrab kub yog tempered troostite. Nws lub hom phiaj yog kom tau txais lub zog tawm los siab, elastic txwv thiab siab toughness. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsuas yog siv rau kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam pipeline steel kav thiab kub ua hauj lwm pwm, thiab lub hardness tom qab tempering yog feem ntau HRC35-50.
3. Kub kub tempering (500-650 degrees)
Cov qauv tau txais los ntawm kev kub siab tempering yog tempered sorbite. Kev lig kev cai, kev kho cua sov ua ke nrog quenching thiab kub tempering yog hu ua quenching thiab tempering kev kho mob, lub hom phiaj ntawm uas yog kom tau txais cov neeg kho tshuab zoo nrog lub zog zoo, hardness, plasticity thiab toughness. Yog li ntawd, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tsheb, pipeline steel kav, tshuab cuab yeej thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb structural qhov chaw, xws li txuas rods, bolts, gears thiab shafts. Lub hardness tom qab tempering feem ntau yog HB200-330.
Daim ntawv thov
Lub raj xa dej yog siv los thauj cov roj, chav dej thiab cov dej tawm hauv av mus rau cov chaw lag luam roj thiab roj los ntawm cov kav dej.
Qib tseem ceeb
Qib rau API 5L kab yeeb nkab steel: Gr.B X42 X52 X60 X65 X70
Chemical Component
| Steel Qib (Steel Name) | Loj Fraction, Raws li kev ntsuas kub thiab cov khoom lag luamib, g% | |||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | ||
| mas b | mas b | min | max | max | max | max | max | |
| Seamless Yeeb Nkab | ||||||||
| L175 los yog A25 | 0.21 ib | 0.60 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | — | — | — |
| L175P los yog A25P | 0.21 ib | 0.60 ib | 0.045 ib | 0.080 ua | 0.030 Nws | — | — | — |
| L210 los yog A | 0.22 | 0.90 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | — | — | — |
| L245 los yog B | 0.28 ib | 1.20 | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | c,d | c,d | d |
| L290 los yog X42 | 0.28 ib | 1.30 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L320 los yog X46 | 0.28 ib | 1.40 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L360 los yog X52 | 0.28 ib | 1.40 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L390 los yog X56 | 0.28 ib | 1.40 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L415 los yog X60 | 0,28e ua | 1.40 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | f | f | f |
| L450 los yog X65 | 0,28e ua | 1.40 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | f | f | f |
| L485 los yog X70 | 0,28e ua | 1.40 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | f | f | f |
| Welded yeeb nkab | ||||||||
| L175 los yog A25 | 0.21 ib | 0.60 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | — | — | — |
| L175P los yog A25P | 0.21 ib | 0.60 ib | 0.045 ib | 0.080 ua | 0.030 Nws | — | — | — |
| L210 los yog A | 0.22 | 0.90 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | — | — | — |
| L245 los yog B | 0.26 | 1.20 | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | c,d | c,d | d |
| L290 los yog X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L320 los yog X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L360 los yog X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L390 los yog X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 Nws | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | d | d | d |
| L415 los yog X60 | 0,26e ua | 1.40 ib | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | f | f | f |
| L450 los yog X65 | 0,26e ua | 1.45 e | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | f | f | f |
| L485 los yog X70 | 0,26e ua | 1.65 e | — | 0.030 Nws | 0.030 Nws | f | f | f |
| Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50% thiab Mo ≤ 0.15%. b Rau txhua qhov kev txo qis ntawm 0.01% qis dua qhov kev qhia siab tshaj plaws rau cov pa roj carbon, qhov nce ntawm 0.05% siab tshaj qhov teev siab tshaj plaws rau Mn yog tso cai, mus txog qhov siab tshaj ntawm 1.65% rau qib ≥ L245 lossis B, tab sis ≤ L360 lossis X52; mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1.75% rau qib> L360 lossis X52, tab sis <L485 lossis X70; thiab mus txog qhov siab tshaj ntawm 2.00% rau Qib L485 lossis X70. c Tshwj tsis yog tias pom zoo, Nb + V ≤ 0.06 %. d Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15 %. e Yog tsis pom zoo. f Yog tsis pom zoo, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15 %. g Tsis txhob txhob txwm tshaj tawm B raug tso cai thiab cov seem B ≤ 0.001%. | ||||||||
Mechanical Property
|
Qib Qib | Lub cev ntawm Seamless thiab Welded Yeeb Nkab | Weld Seam of EW, LW, SAW, and COWYeeb | ||
| Yield zoga Rt0,5 ua | Tensile zoga Rm | Elongation(50mm lossis 2 nti)Af | Tensile zogb Rm | |
| MPa (psi) | MPa (psi) | % | MPa (psi) | |
| min | min | min | min | |
| L175 los yog A25 | 175 (25,400) hnub | 310 (45,000) | c | 310 (45,000) |
| L175P los yog A25P | 175 (25,400) hnub | 310 (45,000) | c | 310 (45,000) |
| L210 los yog A | 210 (30,500) | 335 (48,600) | c | 335 (48,600) |
| L245 los yog B | 245 (35,500) | 415 (60,200) hnub | c | 415 (60,200) hnub |
| L290 los yog X42 | 290 (42,100) hnub | 415 (60,200) hnub | c | 415 (60,200) hnub |
| L320 los yog X46 | 320 (46,400) hnub | 435 (63,100) hnub | c | 435 (63,100) hnub |
| L360 los yog X52 | 360 (52,200) | 460 (66,700) teev | c | 460 (66,700) teev |
| L390 los yog X56 | 390 (56,600) ntau. | 490 (71,100) teev | c | 490 (71,100) teev |
| L415 los yog X60 | 415 (60,200) hnub | 520 (75,400) hli | c | 520 (75,400) hli |
| L450 los yog X65 | 450 (65,300) | 535 (77,600) ib. | c | 535 (77,600) ib. |
| L485 los yog X70 | 485 (70,300) hnub | 570 (82,700) | c | 570 (82,700) |
| a Rau cov qib nruab nrab, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog rau cov yeeb nkab lub cev yuav tsum tau muab raws li nyob rau hauv lub rooj rau qib siab dua tom ntej.b Rau cov qib nruab nrab, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog rau lub weld seam yuav tsum yog tib tus nqi raws li tau txiav txim siab rau cov yeeb nkab lub cev siv cov lus hauv qab a).c Cov lus qhia tsawg kawg nkaus elongation,Af, qhia nyob rau hauv feem pua thiab sib npaug rau qhov ze tshaj plaws feem pua, yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab siv cov kab zauv hauv qab no:
qhov twg C yog 1940 rau kev suav siv SI units thiab 625,000 rau kev suav nrog USC units; Axc yog qhov siv tau tensile xeem piece cross-sectional cheeb tsam, qhia nyob rau hauv square millimeters (square inches), raws li nram no: 1) rau daim kab ntawv hla hla ntu, 130 mm2 (0.20 in.2) rau 12.7 mm (0.500 in.) thiab 8.9 mm (0.350 in.) txoj kab uas hla kuaj daim; 65 mm2 (0.10 in.2) rau 6.4 mm (0.250 in.) txoj kab uas hla xeem daim; 2) rau tag nrho-section xeem daim, qhov tsawg dua ntawm a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in.2) thiab b) qhov hla ntu ntawm cov khoom xeem, muab tau los ntawm kev siv cov kab lus sab nraud thiab cov phab ntsa tuab ntawm cov yeeb nkab, sib npaug rau qhov ze tshaj 10 mm2 (0.01 in.2); 3) rau daim kab xev xeem, qhov tsawg dua ntawm a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in.2) thiab b) qhov chaw hla ntu ntawm daim ntawv xeem, muab tau los siv qhov dav dav ntawm daim ntawv xeem thiab cov phab ntsa thickness ntawm cov yeeb nkab. , sib npaug rau qhov ze tshaj 10 mm2 (0.01 in.2); U yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog, qhia nyob rau hauv megapascals (phaus ib square inch). | ||||
Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla, tawm ntawm roundness thiab phab ntsa thickness
| Specified Sab Nraum D (hauv) | Txoj kab uas hla Tolerance, nti d | Out-of-Roundness Tolerance nyob rau hauv | ||||
| Cov yeeb nkab tsuas yog qhov kawg a | cev a,b,c | Yeeb tsuas yog qhov kawg a | Pipe End a,b,c | |||
| SMLS cev | Welded yeeb nkab | SMLS cev | Welded yeeb nkab | |||
| <2.375 Nws | -0.031 rau + 0.016 | - 0.031 rau + 0.016 | 0.048 ib | 0.036 ib | ||
| ≥2.375 txog 6.625 | 0.020D rau | 0.015D rau | ||||
| +/- 0.0075D | - 0.016 rau + 0.063 | D/t≤75 | D/t≤75 | |||
| Los ntawm kev pom zoo rau | Los ntawm kev pom zoo rau | |||||
| > 6.625 rau 24.000 | +/- 0.0075D | +/- 0.0075D, tab sis max ntawm 0.125 | +/- 0.005D, tab sis max ntawm 0.063 | 0.020d ua | 0.015d ua | |
| > 24 rau 56 | +/- 0.01D | +/- 0.005D tab sis max ntawm 0.160 | +/- 0.079 Nws | +/- 0.063 | 0.015D tab sis max ntawm 0.060 | 0.01D tab sis max ntawm 0.500 |
| Rau | Rau | |||||
| D/t≤75 | D/t≤75 | |||||
| Los ntawm kev pom zoo | Los ntawm kev pom zoo | |||||
| rau | rau | |||||
| D/t≤75 | D/t≤75 | |||||
| > 56 | Raws li pom zoo | |||||
| a. Cov yeeb nkab kawg suav nrog qhov ntev ntawm 4 hauv noj txhua qhov ntawm cov yeeb nkab extremities | ||||||
| b. Rau SMLS yeeb nkab kev kam rau siab thov rau t≤0.984in thiab qhov kam rau ua rau cov yeeb nkab tuab yuav tsum yog raws li kev pom zoo | ||||||
| c. Rau cov yeeb nkab nthuav dav nrog D≥8.625in thiab rau cov yeeb nkab uas tsis txuas ntxiv, txoj kab uas hla ntawm kev kam rau siab thiab qhov tawm ntawm qhov sib npaug tuaj yeem txiav txim siab siv qhov ntsuas hauv txoj kab uas hla lossis ntsuas hauv txoj kab uas hla es tsis yog OD teev. | ||||||
| d. Rau kev txiav txim siab ua raws li txoj kab uas hla txoj kab uas hla, cov yeeb nkab txoj kab uas hla yog txhais raws li lub voj voog ntawm cov yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv ib lub dav hlau circumferential faib los ntawm Pi. | ||||||
| Phab ntsa thickness | Tolerances ib |
| t ntiv | ntiv tes |
| SMLS cev b | |
| ≤ 0.157 | -1.2 |
| > 0.157 rau <0.948 | + 0.150t / - 0.125t |
| ≥ 0.984 | + 0.146 lossis + 0.1t, qhov twg yog qhov ntau dua |
| - 0.120 lossis - 0.1t, qhov twg yog qhov ntau dua | |
| welded cev c,d | |
| ≤ 0.197 | +/- 0.020 |
| > 0.197 rau <0.591 | +/- 0.1t |
| ≥ 0.591 | +/- 0.060 |
| a. Yog hais tias qhov kev txiav txim yuav qhia txog qhov kev zam txim rau cov phab ntsa tuab me dua li cov nqi siv tau muab rau hauv cov lus no, qhov ntxiv rau kev kam rau cov phab ntsa tuab yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv los ntawm tus nqi txaus los tswj cov kev kam rau siab. | |
| b. Rau cov yeeb nkab nrog D≥ 14.000 nyob rau hauv thiab t≥0.984in, phab ntsa thickness kam rau ua nyob rau hauv lub zos tej zaum yuav tshaj qhov ntxiv kam rau ua rau phab ntsa thickness los ntawm ib tug ntxiv 0.05t muab hais tias qhov ntxiv kam rau ua rau huab hwm coj tsis tshaj. | |
| c. Qhov ntxiv kam rau ua rau phab ntsa thickens tsis siv rau qhov chaw weld | |
| d. Saib tag nrho API5L spec kom paub meej | |
Ua siab ntev
Kev Xeem Xeem
Hydrostatic xeem
Cov yeeb nkab kom tiv taus qhov kev sim hydrostatic yam tsis muaj qhov xau los ntawm cov hlua khi los yog cov yeeb nkab lub cev. Jointers tsis tas yuav tsum tau kuaj hydrostatic muab cov yeeb nkab seem siv tau zoo kuaj.
Khoov xeem
Tsis muaj kab nrib pleb yuav tsum tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm daim ntawv xeem thiab tsis muaj qhov qhib qhov vuam yuav tsum tshwm sim.
Flattening xeem
Kev lees txais cov qauv rau kev kuaj flattening yuav tsum yog:
- EW kav dej D <12.750 hauv:
- X60 T 500 in. Yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib qhov vuam ua ntej qhov kev ncua deb ntawm daim hlau yog tsawg dua 66% ntawm qhov qub sab nraud txoj kab uas hla. Rau txhua qib thiab phab ntsa, 50%.
- Rau cov yeeb nkab nrog D / t> 10, yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib qhov vuam ua ntej qhov kev ncua deb ntawm daim hlau yog tsawg dua 30% ntawm qhov qub sab nraud.
- Rau lwm qhov ntau thiab tsawg xa mus rau tag nrho API 5L specification.
CVN cuam tshuam kuaj rau PSL2
Ntau PSL2 cov yeeb nkab loj thiab qib xav tau CVN. Seamless yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau kuaj hauv lub cev. Welded yeeb nkab yog yuav tsum tau kuaj nyob rau hauv lub cev, yeeb nkab weld thiab tshav kub-cuam tshuam cheeb tsam. Xa mus rau tag nrho API 5L specification rau daim duab ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab qib thiab yuav tsum tau absorbed zog qhov tseem ceeb.
