Nqe Sheet rau ASTM A335 P5 P9 P11 P22 Alloy Steel Yeeb Nkab / Tube
Peb paub tias peb tsuas muaj kev vam meej yog tias peb tuaj yeem lav tau peb cov nqi sib tw ua ke thiab zoo heev nyob rau tib lub sijhawm rau Daim Ntawv Nqe rau ASTM A335 P5 P9 P11 P22 Alloy Steel Yeeb Nkab / Tube, Peb xav tias peb cov kev pabcuam sov thiab cov kws tshaj lij yuav coj koj qab ntxiag. surprises zoo li hmoov zoo.
Peb paub tias peb tsuas vam meej yog tias peb tuaj yeem lav tau peb cov nqi sib tw ua ke thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tib lub sijhawm rauTuam Tshoj Alloy Steel Yeeb Nkab thiab Alloy Steel Tube, kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog peb nrog rau pom tag nrho peb cov khoom thiab cov kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib peb lub vev xaib. Yog xav paub ntxiv thov hu rau peb paub. Ua tsaug ntau ntau thiab xav kom koj txoj kev lag luam ib txwm zoo!
Txheej txheem cej luam
| Txuj: ASTM A335 | Alloy los yog Tsis: Alloy |
| Qib: P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92 thiab lwm yam. | Daim ntawv thov: Boiler Pipe |
| Thickness: 1-100 hli | Kev kho deg: Raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (Round): 10 - 1000 mm | Txheej Txheem: Kub Rolled / Cold Drawn |
| Length: Tsau Length lossis Random Length | Kev kho cua sov: Annealing / Normalizing / Tempering |
| Tshooj Shape: Round | Cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb: Cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa tuab |
| Qhov chaw Keeb Kwm: Suav teb | Kev Siv: Cov Yeeb Nkab Siab Siab, Boiler Thiab Kub Exchanger |
| Ntawv pov thawj: ISO9001: 2008 | Test: ET/UT |
Daim ntawv thov
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov hlau zoo hlau boiler yeeb nkab, kub exchanged yeeb nkab, siab siab chav yeeb nkab rau roj av thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam.
Qib tseem ceeb
Qib ntawm high-zoo alloy yeeb nkab
5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92 thiab lwm yam
Chemical Component
| Qib | UN | C≤ | Mn | P≤ | S≤ | Si ≤ | Cr | Mo |
| Sequiv. | ||||||||
| P1 | k11522 ua | 0.10-0.20 Nws | 0.30-0.80 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.10-0.50 Nws | - | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P2 | k11547 ua | 0.10-0.20 Nws | 0.30-0.61 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.10-0.30 Nws | 0.50-0.81 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P5 | k41545 ua | 0.15 | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.5 | 4.00-6.00 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| p5b ib | k51545 ua | 0.15 | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 1.00-2.00 Nws | 4.00-6.00 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| p5c ua | k41245 ua | 0.12 | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.5 | 4.00-6.00 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P9 | S50400 | 0.15 | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.50-1.00 Nws | 8.00-10.00 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P11 | k11597 ua | 0.05-0.15 Nws | 0.30-0.61 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.50-1.00 Nws | 1.00-1.50 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P12 | k11562 ua | 0.05-0.15 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.5 | 0.80-1.25 Nws | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P15 | k11578 ua | 0.05-0.15 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 1.15-1.65 Nws | - | 0.44 ~ 0.65 hli |
| P21 | k31545 ua | 0.05-0.15 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.5 | 2.65-3.35 Nws | 0.80-1.60 Nws |
| P22 | k21590 ua | 0.05-0.15 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 0.5 | 1.90-2.60 Nws | 0.87-1.13 Nws |
| P91 | k91560 ua | 0.08-0.12 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.02 ib | 0.01 ib | 0.20-0.50 Nws | 8.00-9.50 Nws | 0.85-1.05 Nws |
| P92 | k92460 ua | 0.07-0.13 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.02 ib | 0.01 ib | 0.5 | 8.50-9.50 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws |
Kev tsim kho tshiab tau tsim los ua raws li Txoj Cai E 527 thiab SAE J1086, Xyaum rau Numbering Metals thiab Alloys (UNS). B Qib P 5c yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus titanium tsis pub tsawg tshaj 4 npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab tsis ntau tshaj 0.70%; los yog cov ntsiab lus columbium ntawm 8 mus rau 10 npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon.
Mechanical Property
| Mechanical zog | P1, P2 | P12 | P23 | P91 | P92, P11 | P122 |
| Tensile zog | 380 | 415 | 510 | 585 ib | 620 | 620 |
| Yield zog | 205 | 220 | 400 | 415 | 440 | 400 |
Kev kho cua sov
| Qib | Kev kho cua sov hom | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing los yog Tempering |
| P5, P9, P11, thiab P22 | Qhov kub thiab txias F [C] | ||
| A335 P5 (b,c) | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] ib. | |
| Subcritical Anneal (P5c nkaus xwb) | ***** | 1325 – 1375 [715 – 745] | |
| A335 P9 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] ib. | |
| A335 P11 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize thiab Temper | ***** | 1200 [650] | |
| A335 P22 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] ib. | |
| A335 P91 | Normalize thiab Temper | Xyoo 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] ib. |
| Quench thiab Temper | Xyoo 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] ib. |
Ua siab ntev
Rau cov yeeb nkab xa mus rau sab hauv txoj kab uas hla, sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj 6 1% ntawm qhov teev hauv txoj kab uas hla
Permissible variations in Outside Diameter
| NPS Designator | in | mm | in | mm |
| 1⁄8–11⁄2, incl | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Tshaj 11⁄2 txog 4, incl. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 4 txog 8, incl | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 8 mus rau 12, incl. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 Nws | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 12 | 6 1% ntawm qhov teev tseg sab nraum txoj kab uas hla |
Kev Xeem Xeem
Hydraustatic Test:
Cov yeeb nkab steel yuav tsum tau sim Hydraulic ib leeg. Qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws yog 20 MPa. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev sim siab, lub sij hawm ruaj khov yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 10 S, thiab cov yeeb nkab hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm.
Tom qab tus neeg siv pom zoo, Kev Ntsuas Hydraulic tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm Eddy Tam sim no Kev Ntsuas lossis Kev Ntsuas Flux Magnetic.
Nondestructive Test:
Cov kav dej uas xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas Ultrasonically ib qho los ntawm ib qho. Tom qab Kev Sib Tham Yuav Tsum Tau Txais Kev Pom Zoo Los ntawm Pawg Neeg thiab tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv cog lus, lwm yam kev sim tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem raug ntxiv.
Flattening Test:
Tubes nrog ib txoj kab uas hla sab nraud loj dua 22 hli yuav tsum raug rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas flattening. Tsis pom kev delamination, pob dawb, lossis impurities yuav tsum tshwm sim thaum tag nrho kev sim.
Hardness Test:
Rau cov yeeb nkab ntawm Qib P91, P92, P122, thiab P911, Brinell, Vickers, lossis Rockwell hardness tests yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ib qho qauv ntawm txhua qhov ntau.
Khoov Test:
Rau cov yeeb nkab uas nws txoj kab uas hla tshaj NPS 25 thiab nws txoj kab uas hla mus rau phab ntsa thickness piv yog 7.0 los yog tsawg dua yuav tsum raug rau qhov khoov xeem es tsis txhob flattening xeem. Lwm cov yeeb nkab uas nws txoj kab uas hla sib npaug lossis tshaj NPS 10 tuaj yeem muab qhov kev sim khoov rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev sib tw flattening raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom
Product Detail
Video
Boiler Tube
GB/T5310-2017
ASME SA-106/SA-106M-2015
ASTMA210 (A210M)-2012
ASME SA-213/SA-213M
ASTM A335 / A335M-2018 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb
Peb paub tias peb tsuas muaj kev vam meej yog tias peb tuaj yeem lav tau peb cov nqi sib tw ua ke thiab zoo heev nyob rau tib lub sijhawm rau Daim Ntawv Nqe rau ASTM A335 P5 P9 P11 P22 Alloy Steel Yeeb Nkab / Tube, Peb xav tias peb cov kev pabcuam sov thiab cov kws tshaj lij yuav coj koj qab ntxiag. surprises zoo li hmoov zoo.
Daim ntawv nqe rauTuam Tshoj Alloy Steel Yeeb Nkab thiab Alloy Steel Tube, kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog peb nrog rau pom tag nrho peb cov khoom thiab cov kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib peb lub vev xaib. Yog xav paub ntxiv thov hu rau peb paub. Ua tsaug ntau ntau thiab xav kom koj txoj kev lag luam ib txwm zoo!
ASTM A335 P5yog ib qho alloy steel seamless ferritic siab kub yeeb nkab ntawm American tus qauv. Alloy tube yog ib hom seamless steel raj, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dua li cov raj seamless steel, vim tias cov raj steel no muaj ntau C, qhov kev ua tau zoo tsawg dua li cov raj seamless steel zoo tib yam, yog li cov yeeb nkab steel yog dav siv. hauv roj av, aerospace, tshuaj, hluav taws xob, boiler, tub rog thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Alloy Steel yeeb nkab muaj ntau yam ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas tsis yog cov pa roj carbon xws li npib tsib xee, chromium, silicon, manganese, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium thiab txwv cov nqi ntawm lwm cov khoom siv xws li manganese, sulfur, silicon, thiab phosphorous.
Raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev: 1Cr5Mo GB 9948-2006 "Seamless Steel Pipe Standard for Petroleum Cracking"
- Kev Them Nyiaj: 30% Deposit, 70% L / C lossis B / L Luam lossis 100% L / C Thaum Pom
- Min. Order Quantity: 1 PC
- Muaj peev xwm muab khoom: Txhua xyoo 20000 Tons Cov Khoom Muag Ntawm Cov Yeeb Nkab Hlau
- Lub Sijhawm Lead: 7-14 Hnub Yog Nyob Hauv Tshuag, 30-45 Hnub Ua Haujlwm
- Packing: Dub Vanishing, Bevel Thiab Cap Rau Txhua Ib Cov Yeeb Nkab; OD Hauv qab 219 hli Yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv pob, thiab txhua pob khoom tsis pub tshaj 2 Tons.
Txheej txheem cej luam
| Txheem:ASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Alloy los yog Tsis: Alloy |
| Qib: P5 | Daim ntawv thov: Boiler Pipe |
| Thickness: 1-100 hli | Kev kho deg: Raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (Round): 10 - 1000 mm | Txheej Txheem: Kub Rolled / Cold Drawn |
| Length: Tsau Length lossis Random Length | Kev kho cua sov: Annealing / Normalizing / Tempering |
| Tshooj Shape: Round | Cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb: Cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa tuab |
| Qhov chaw Keeb Kwm: Suav teb | Kev Siv: Cov Yeeb Nkab Siab Siab, Boiler Thiab Kub Exchanger |
| Ntawv pov thawj: ISO9001: 2008 | Test: ET/UT |
Daim ntawv thov
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo Alloy Steel Boiler Pipe, Thaum tshav kub kub Exchanged Yeeb Nkab, Siab Siab Steam Yeeb Nkab Rau Petroleum Thiab Kev Lag Luam Tshuaj
Chemical Component
| Cov khoom xyaw | Cov ntaub ntawv |
| UNS Designa-tion | k41545 ua |
| Cov pa roj carbon (max.) | 0.15 |
| Manganese | 0.30-0.60 Nws |
| Phosphorus (max.) | 0.025 ib |
| Silicon (max.) | 0.50 ib |
| Chromium | 4.00-6.00 Nws |
| Molybdenum | 0.45-0.65 Nws |
| Lwm Yam Khoom | … |
Mechanical Property
| Cov khoom | Cov ntaub ntawv |
| Tensile zog, Min, (MPa) | 415mpa ua |
| Yield zog, Min, (MPa) | 205 Mpa ua |
| Elongation, Min, (%), L / T | 30/20 |
Kev kho cua sov
| Qib | Kev kho cua sov hom | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing lossis Tempering |
| P5, P9, P11, thiab P22 | Qhov kub thiab txias F [C] | ||
| A335 P5 (B, C) | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| A335 P5b | Normalize Thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] ib. |
| A335 P5c | Subcritical Anneal | ***** | 1325 – 1375 [715 – 745] |
Ua siab ntev
Rau cov raj xa mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj ± 1% Los ntawm cov qhia hauv kab.
Permissible variations In Outside Diameter
| NPS Designator | Zoo kam rau ua | tsis zoo kam rau ua | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8–11⁄2, Incl | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Tshaj 11⁄2 rau 4, Inc. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 4 txog 8, Inc | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 8 txog 12, Inc. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 Nws | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 12 | ± 1% Ntawm Cov Lus Qhia Sab nraum Txoj kab uas hla | |||
Kev Xeem Xeem
Hydraustatic Test:
Cov yeeb nkab steel yuav tsum tau sim Hydraulic ib leeg. Qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws yog 20 MPa. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev sim siab, lub sij hawm ruaj khov yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 10 S, thiab cov yeeb nkab hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm.
Tom qab tus neeg siv pom zoo, Kev Ntsuas Hydraulic tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm Eddy Tam sim no Kev Ntsuas lossis Kev Ntsuas Flux Magnetic.
Nondestructive Test:
Cov kav dej uas xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas Ultrasonically ib qho los ntawm ib qho. Tom qab Kev Sib Tham Yuav Tsum Tau Txais Kev Pom Zoo Los ntawm Pawg Neeg thiab tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv cog lus, lwm yam kev sim tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem raug ntxiv.
Flattening Test:
Tubes nrog ib txoj kab uas hla sab nraud loj dua 22 hli yuav tsum raug rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas flattening. Tsis pom kev delamination, pob dawb, lossis impurities yuav tsum tshwm sim thaum tag nrho kev sim.
Hardness Test:
Rau Cov Yeeb Nkab Qib P91, P92, P122, Thiab P911, Brinell, Vickers, lossis Rockwell Hardness Tests yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ib qho qauv ntawm txhua qhov ntau.
Khoov Test:
Rau cov yeeb nkab uas qhov kab uas hla tshaj NPS 25 Thiab qhov ntev ntawm phab ntsa Thickness ratio yog 7.0 los yog tsawg dua yuav tsum raug rau qhov khoov xeem es tsis txhob ntawm lub flattening xeem. Lwm cov yeeb nkab uas muaj qhov sib npaug lossis tshaj NPS 10 Tej zaum yuav raug muab Kev Ntsuas Khoov rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm Kev Ntsuas Flattening Raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom
Khoom siv & Chaw tsim khoom
Cov yeeb nkab tuaj yeem yog kub tiav lossis txias kos nrog kev kho cua sov ua tiav tau sau tseg hauv qab no.
Kev kho cua sov
- A / N + T
- N + T / Q + T
- N + T
Mechanical Tests Specified
- Transverse los yog Longitudinal Tension Test thiab Flattening Test, Hardness Test, los yog Khoov Test
- Rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kho nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob batch-hom, kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau ua ntawm 5% ntawm cov yeeb nkab los ntawm txhua qhov kho. Rau ntau me me, tsawg kawg ib lub yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau sim.
- Rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem tas mus li, cov kev sim yuav tsum tau ua rau ntawm cov yeeb nkab txaus los ua 5% ntawm ntau, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg dua 2 yeeb nkab.
Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Ntsuas Khov:
- Rau cov yeeb nkab uas nws txoj kab uas hla tshaj NPS 25 thiab nws txoj kab uas hla mus rau phab ntsa thickness piv yog 7.0 los yog tsawg dua yuav tsum raug rau qhov khoov xeem es tsis txhob flattening xeem.
- Lwm cov yeeb nkab uas nws txoj kab uas hla sib npaug lossis tshaj NPS 10 tuaj yeem muab qhov kev sim khoov rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev sib tw flattening raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom.
- Cov qauv ntsuas khoov yuav tsum khoov ntawm chav tsev kub txog 180 yam tsis muaj qhov tawg ntawm sab nraud ntawm qhov khoov.
ASTM A335 P5seamless steel raj yog tsim rau dej, chav dej, hydrogen, qaub roj, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias siv rau cov dej vapor, nws qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub yog 650℃; Thaum siv nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm nruab nrab xws li qaub roj, nws muaj zoo high-temperature sulfur corrosion kuj, thiab feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv high-temperature sulfur corrosion tej yam kev mob ntawm 288 ~ 550℃.
Txheej txheem ntau lawm:
1. Kub dov (extruded seamless steel tube): round tube billet → cua sov → perforation → peb-yob cross dov, nruam dov los yog extrusion → raj stripping → sizing (los yog txo) → txias → straightening → dej siab kuaj (los yog kuaj pom tsis zoo ) → cim → cia
2. Cold drawing (rolling) seamless steel tube: round tube billet → cua sov → perforation → heading → annealing → pickling → oiling (copper plating) → multi-pass txias drawing (txias dov) → blank tube → heat treatment → straightening → water Kev ntsuas siab (kev kuaj pom qhov tsis haum) → kos npe → cia
Application Scenario:
Nyob rau hauv atmospheric thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev twj rau kev ua cov roj sulfur siab,ASTM A335 P5seamless steel hlab yog tsuas yog siv rau hauv qab pipelines ntawm atmospheric thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev yees, cubes ntawm atmospheric thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev rauv, high-ceev seem ntawm atmospheric thiab nqus roj hloov kab thiab lwm yam high-temperature roj thiab roj pipelines uas muaj leej faj.
Hauv FCC units,ASTM A335 P5seamless steel raj yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv high-kub slurry, catalyst thiab rov refining pipelines, raws li zoo raws li ib co lwm yam high-temperature sulfur roj thiab roj pipelines.
Nyob rau hauv qeeb coking unit,ASTM A335 P5seamless steel yeeb nkab yog tsuas yog siv rau kub kub pub yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv qab ntawm coke ntauwd thiab kub kub roj thiab roj yeeb nkab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm coke ntauwd, rauv yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv qab ntawm coke rauv, yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv qab ntawm fracking ntauwd thiab lwm yam. kub kub roj thiab roj yeeb nkab uas muaj leej faj.
Alloy Steel yeeb nkab muaj ntau yam ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas tsis yog cov pa roj carbon xws li npib tsib xee, chromium, silicon, manganese, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium thiab txwv cov nqi ntawm lwm cov khoom siv xws li manganese, sulfur, silicon, thiab phosphorous..
ASTM A335 P9 yog ib qho alloy steel seamless ferritic siab kub yeeb nkab ntawm American tus qauv. Alloy tube yog ib hom seamless steel raj, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dua li cov raj seamless steel, vim tias cov raj steel no muaj ntau C, qhov kev ua tau zoo tsawg dua li cov raj seamless steel zoo tib yam, yog li cov yeeb nkab steel yog dav siv. hauv roj av, aerospace, tshuaj, hluav taws xob, boiler, tub rog thiab lwm yam lag luam.
A335 P9yog lub siab kub chromium-molybdenum alloy kub resistant steel ua raws li American tus qauv. Vim nws zoo heev oxidation tsis kam, kub siab zog thiab sulfide corrosion kuj, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv high kub thiab kub siab inflammable thiab explosive pipelines ntawm roj av refining nroj tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ncaj qha tshav kub yeeb nkab ntawm cua sov rauv, nruab nrab kub yuav ncav cuag 550 ~ 600 ℃. .
Raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev: 1Cr5Mo GB 9948-2006 "Seamless Steel Pipe Standard for Petroleum Cracking"
Txheej txheem cej luam
| Txheem:ASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Alloy los yog Tsis: Alloy |
| Qib: P9 | Daim ntawv thov: Boiler Pipe |
| Thickness: 1-100 hli | Kev kho deg: Raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (Round): 10 - 1000 mm | Txheej Txheem: Kub Rolled / Cold Drawn |
| Length: Tsau Length lossis Random Length | Kev kho cua sov: Annealing / Normalizing / Tempering |
| Tshooj Shape: Round | Cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb: Thick Wall Pipe |
| Qhov chaw Keeb Kwm: Suav teb | Kev Siv: Cov Yeeb Nkab Siab Siab, Boiler Thiab Kub Exchanger |
| Ntawv pov thawj: ISO9001: 2008 | Test: ET/UT |
Chemical Component
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm seamless steel kav rau roj tawg
| ASTM A335M 1 | C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo |
| P9 | ≦ 0.15 | 0.25-1.00 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws | ≦0.025 | ≦0.025 | 8.00-10.00 Nws | 0.90-1.10 Nws |
Mechanical Property
| Cov khoom | Cov ntaub ntawv |
| Tensile zog, min, (MPa) | 415mpa ua |
| Yield zog, min, (MPa) | 205 Mpa ua |
| Elongation, min, (%), L / T | 14 |
| HB | 180 |
Kev kho cua sov
|
Qib | Kev kho cua sov hom | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing lossis Tempering |
| P5, P9, P11, thiab P22 | |||
| A335 P9 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize Thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] ib. |
A335 P9tuaj yeem kho cua sov los ntawm annealing lossis normalizing + tempering txheej txheem. Annealing txheej txheem cua txias ceev yog qeeb, cuam tshuam rau kev sib tsoo ntau lawm, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog qhov nyuaj los tswj, thiab tus nqi siab; Yog li ntawd, qhov tseeb ntau lawm tsis tshua siv cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, feem ntau siv normalizing + tempering tshav kub tsis siv cov txheej txheem annealing, kom ua tiav cov khoom lag luam.
A335 P9hlau vim nws tsis muaj V, Nb thiab lwm yam microalloying ntsiab, li no lub normalizing kub tshaj A335 P91 steel yog qis dua, 950 ~ 1050 ℃, tuav rau 1h, cov txheej txheem thaum normalizing feem ntau ntawm cov carbide yaj tab sis tsis pom tseeb grain loj hlob, tab sis Qhov kub thiab txias heev yog qhov ua rau austenite grain ntxhib: tempering kub yog 740-790 ℃, thiaj li yuav tau qis hardness, tempering kub lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau ncua kom tsim nyog.
Ua siab ntev
Rau cov raj xa mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj ± 1% Los ntawm cov qhia hauv kab.
Permissible variations In Outside Diameter
| NPS Designator | Zoo kam rau ua | tsis zoo kam rau ua | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8–11⁄2, Incl | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Tshaj 11⁄2 rau 4, Inc. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 4 txog 8, Inc | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 8 txog 12, Inc. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 Nws | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 12 | ± 1% Ntawm Cov Lus Qhia | |||
Txheej txheem ntau lawm:
A335 yog tsim raws li cov khoom siv raws li txoj cai ntawm Tianjin steel yeeb nkab thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawmA335 P9steel P9 sim-ua txheej txheem ntawm seamless steel yeeb nkab:Hluav taws xob arc rauv steelmaking → ladle refining → nqus degassing → tuag casting → tube dawb paug forging → raj dawb paug annealing → raj dawb paug cua sov → oblique tho → PQF nruam raj dov zeb raj dov → peb-yob sizing → tube txias txias txiav → steel yeeb nkab ncaj → sib nqus flux Kev kuaj pom → kev kho cua sov → straightening → ultrasonic flaw detection → hydraulic test → loj thiab tsos tshuaj ntsuam → cia.
kev tsim khoom:
| Yam khoom naj npawb | kev tsim khoom | Action thiab Quality Control | |||
| 1 | Lub rooj sib tham ua ntej kev soj ntsuam | Cov feeb ntawm lub rooj sib tham | |||
| 2 | UAS-SKF | Kho cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg | |||
| * Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas muaj pes tsawg leeg | |||||
| * melting kub | |||||
| 3 | CCM | billet | |||
| 4 | Raw khoom tshuaj xyuas | Kev kuaj dawb thiab kev lees paub zoo | |||
| * Cov xwm txheej tshwm sim: Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub pob zeb yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li caws pliav, slag, pinholes, tawg, thiab lwm yam. Imprints, dents thiab pits yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2.5mm. | |||||
| 5 | Cov cua kub dawb | Rhaub billets nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov cub rotary | |||
| * Tswj qhov kub thiab txias | |||||
| 6 | cev perforation | Pierce nrog phau ntawv qhia / qhia phaj punch | |||
| * Tswj qhov kub thiab txias thaum tho | |||||
| * Tswj qhov loj me tom qab perforation | |||||
| 7 | Kub Rolled | Kub dov nyob rau hauv nruam raj mills | |||
| * Teem lub yeeb nkab phab ntsa thickness | |||||
| 8 | Loj | Tswj sab nraud txoj kab uas hla thiab phab ntsa thickness qhov ntev | |||
| * Ua kom tiav sab nraud txoj kab uas hla machining | |||||
| * Ua tiav phab ntsa thickness machining | |||||
| 9 | tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg | Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas muaj pes tsawg leeg | |||
| * Kev lees txais cov txheej txheem rau tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau sau tseg rau hauv phau ntawv cov ntaub ntawv. | |||||
| 10 | Normalizing + Tempering | Kev kho cua sov (normalizing) yog ua tom qab kub dov. Kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias. | |||
| Tom qab kev kho cua sov, cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum ua tau raws li ASTM A335 tus qauv | |||||
| 11 | cua txias | Step-by-step txias txaj | |||
| 12 | sawing | Sawing rau qhov ntev | |||
| * Steel yeeb nkab ntev tswj | |||||
| 13 | Ncaj (yog tias tsim nyog) | Tswj flatness. | |||
| Tom qab straightening, qhov ncaj yuav tsum ua raws li ASTM A335 | |||||
| 14 | Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab txais | Pom thiab Dimensional Inspection | |||
| * Hlau qhov ntev yuav tsum ua raws li ASTM A999 | |||||
| Nco tseg: Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla: ± 0.75% D | |||||
| * Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim yuav tsum tau ua ib los ntawm ib qho raws li ASTM A999 tus qauv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis zoo | |||||
| 15 | nrhiav tsis pom kev | * Tag nrho lub cev ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel yuav tsum tau kuaj ultrasonically rau longitudinal tsis xws luag raws li ISO9303 / E213 | |||
| Kev kuaj ultrasonic: | |||||
| 16 | Mechanical Properties Test | (1) Tensile (longitudinal) test thiab flattening test | |||
| Kev tshuaj xyuas zaus | 5% / batch, tsawg kawg 2 lub raj | ||||
| Min | Max | ||||
| P9 | Yield zog (Mpa) | 205 | |||
| Tensile zog (MPa) | 415 | ||||
| Elongation | Raws li ASTM A335 tus qauv | ||||
| Flattening kev sim | Raws li ASTM A999 tus qauv | ||||
| (2) Hardness test | |||||
| Test zaus: tib yam li tensile xeem | 1 pcs / batch | ||||
| HV & HRC | ≤250HV10&≤25 HRC HV10≤250&HRC≤25 | ||||
| Lus Cim: Vickers hardness test standard: ISO6507 lossis ASTM E92; | |||||
| Rockwell hardness test standard: ISO6508 lossis ASTM E18 | |||||
| 17 | NDT | Txhua cov yeeb nkab steel yuav tsum raug kuaj raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev sim E213, E309 lossis E570. | |||
| 18 | kev ntsuas dej siab | Hydrostatic xeem raws li ASTM A999, ntsuas siab | |||
| 19 | bevel | Raws li beveling ntawm ob kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel raws li ASTM B16.25fig.3(a) | |||
| 20 | Kev ntsuas qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev | * Ib qhov hnyav kam rau ua: -6% ~ + 4%. | |||
| 21 | Cov yeeb nkab txheem | Sab nrauv ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel yuav tsum tau tshuaj tsuag cim raws li ASTM A335 tus qauv thiab cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Cov ntsiab lus kos npe yog raws li nram no: | |||
| "Length Nyhav TPCO ASTM A335 Xyoo-hli Dimensions P9 S LT ** C *** MPa / NDE Thaum tshav kub kub Number Lot Number Tube Number | |||||
| 22 | pleev xim rau | Sab nrauv ntawm lub raj yog pleev xim rau raws li lub Hoobkas qauv | |||
| 23 | cev end cap | ** Yuav tsum muaj lub kaus mom yas ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm txhua lub raj | |||
| 24 | cov ntaub ntawv teev | * Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab raws li EN10204 3.1. "Cov neeg siv khoom PO yuav tsum tau xav txog hauv phau ntawv khoom. | |||
ASTM A335 P11 yog ib qho alloy steel seamless ferritic siab kub yeeb nkab ntawm American tus qauv. Alloy tube yog ib hom seamless steel raj, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dua li cov raj seamless steel, vim tias cov raj steel no muaj ntau C, qhov kev ua tau zoo tsawg dua li cov raj seamless steel zoo tib yam, yog li cov yeeb nkab steel yog dav siv. hauv roj av, aerospace, tshuaj, hluav taws xob, boiler, tub rog thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Txheej txheem cej luam
| Txheem:ASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Alloy los yog Tsis: Alloy |
| Qib: P11 | Daim ntawv thov: Boiler Pipe |
| Thickness: 1-100 hli | Kev kho deg: Raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (Round): 10 - 1000 mm | Txheej Txheem: Kub Rolled / Cold Drawn |
| Length: Tsau Length lossis Random Length | Kev kho cua sov: Annealing / Normalizing / Tempering |
| Tshooj Shape: Round | Cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb: Thick Wall Pipe |
| Qhov chaw Keeb Kwm: Suav teb | Kev Siv: Cov Yeeb Nkab Siab Siab, Boiler Thiab Kub Exchanger |
| Ntawv pov thawj: ISO9001: 2008 | Test: ET/UT |
Chemical Component
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm seamless steel kav rau roj tawg
| C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | |
| P11 | 0.05-0.15 dr hab | 0.5-1.00 Nws | 0.30-0.61 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 1.00-1.50 Nws | 0.44-0.65 Nws |
Mechanical Property
| Cov khoom | Cov ntaub ntawv |
| Tensile zog, min, (MPa) | 415 Mpa |
| Yield zog, min, (MPa) | 205Mpa |
Kev kho cua sov
|
Qib | Kev kho cua sov hom | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing lossis Tempering |
| P5, P9, P11, thiab P22 | |||
| A335 P11 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize Thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [650] |
Ua siab ntev
Rau cov raj xa mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj ± 1% Los ntawm cov qhia hauv kab.
Permissible variations In Outside Diameter
| NPS Designator | Zoo kam rau ua | tsis zoo kam rau ua | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8–11⁄2, Incl | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Tshaj 11⁄2 rau 4, Inc. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 4 txog 8, Inc | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 8 txog 12, Inc. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 Nws | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 12 | ± 1% Ntawm Cov Lus Qhia | |||
ASTM A335 P22yog seamless alloy steel yeeb nkab rau kub ferritic siv. Alloy tube yog ib hom seamless steel raj, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dua li cov raj seamless steel, vim tias cov raj steel no muaj ntau C, qhov kev ua tau zoo tsawg dua li cov raj seamless steel zoo tib yam, yog li cov yeeb nkab steel yog dav siv. hauv roj av, aerospace, tshuaj, hluav taws xob, boiler, tub rog thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Txheej txheem cej luam
| Txheem:ASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Alloy los yog Tsis: Alloy |
| Qib: P22 | Daim ntawv thov: Boiler Pipe |
| Thickness: 1-100 hli | Kev kho deg: Raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (Round): 10 - 1000 mm | Txheej Txheem: Kub Rolled / Cold Drawn |
| Length: Tsau Length lossis Random Length | Kev kho cua sov: Annealing / Normalizing / Tempering |
| Tshooj Shape: Round | Cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb: Thick Wall Pipe |
| Qhov chaw Keeb Kwm: Suav teb | Kev Siv: Cov Yeeb Nkab Siab Siab, Boiler Thiab Kub Exchanger |
| Ntawv pov thawj: ISO9001: 2008 | Test: ET/UT |
Chemical Component
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm seamless steel kav rau roj tawg
| C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | |
| P22 | 0.05-0.15 dr hab | 0.5 | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.025 ib | 0.025 ib | 1.90-2.60 Nws | 0.87-1.13 Nws |
Mechanical Property
| Cov khoom | Cov ntaub ntawv |
| Tensile zog, min, (MPa) | 415 Mpa |
| Yield zog, min, (MPa) | 205Mpa |
Kev kho cua sov
|
Qib | Kev kho cua sov hom | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing lossis Tempering |
| P5, P9, P11, thiab P22 | |||
| A335 P22 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize Thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [650] |
Ua siab ntev
Rau cov raj xa mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj ± 1% Los ntawm cov qhia hauv kab.
Permissible variations In Outside Diameter
| NPS Designator | Zoo kam rau ua | tsis zoo kam rau ua | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8–11⁄2, Incl | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Tshaj 11⁄2 rau 4, Inc. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 4 txog 8, Inc | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 8 txog 12, Inc. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 Nws | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 12 | ± 1% Ntawm Cov Lus Qhia | |||
A335 P22 yog 2.25Cr-1Mo Chromium-molybdenum siab kub ferritic steel rau boilers thiab superheaters,ASTM A335 / A335M / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335M / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335 / ASTM A335) thiab ASTM A335Mtxheem. Xyoo 1985, nws tau hloov mus rau GB5310 thiab hu ua 12Cr2MoG. Lwm lub teb chaws muaj cov qib steel zoo sib xws, xws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Koom pheej ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees 10CrMo910 thiab Nyiv STBA24. Hauv cr-1Mo steel series, nws lub zog thermal yog qhov siab, nyob rau hauv tib qhov kub thiab txias (kub≤580℃) nws cov ntsia hlau tawg lub zog thiab kev cia siab yog siab dua 9CR-1Mo steel, thiab nws muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm vuam, zoo elasticity. Yog li ntawd, nws tau siv dav hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm hnyav, xws li lub zog thermal, lub zog nuclear thiab qee cov khoom siv hydrogen hauv ntau cov kav dej cua sov thiab cov hlab ntsha siab.
Tso cai kub: A335P22 (SA-213T22) yog siv rau hauv 300,600MW thiab lwm yam muaj peev xwm loj fais fab boiler raj phab ntsa kub≤580℃superheater thiab tube phab ntsa kub & LT; 540℃phab ntsa chav yeeb nkab thiab header, hom hlau no tau dav siv nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Nyiv thiab Europe, muaj keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, yog qhov kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov, kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov hlau loj.
12Cr1MoV steel belongs rau chromium-molybdenum vanadium steel vanadium steel, feem ntau yog siv rau 12Cr1MoV / GB5310 steel yeeb nkab. Kev siv dav, yog qhov kub thiab txias hauv 480℃~ 580℃qhov kub thiab txias cheeb tsam nrog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau. 12Cr1MoVG steel tube kev pab kub kub: nws yog tsuas yog siv rau lub ntsiab steel ntawm superheater raj, header thiab chav yeeb nkab ntawm siab kub boiler uas lub raj phab ntsa kub yog tsawg dua los yog sib npaug zos rau 580.℃.
Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm: Hardness Test:
1. Kub dov (extruded seamless steel tube): round tube billet → cua sov → perforation → peb-yob cross dov, nruam dov los yog extrusion → raj stripping → sizing (los yog txo) → txias → straightening → dej siab kuaj (los yog kuaj pom tsis zoo ) → cim → cia
2. Cold drawing (rolling) seamless steel tube: round tube billet → cua sov → perforation → heading → annealing → pickling → oiling (copper plating) → multi-pass txias drawing (txias dov) → blank tube → heat treatment → straightening → water Kev ntsuas siab (kev kuaj pom qhov tsis haum) → kos npe → cia
Ntim:
Npuag packing / nras packing / crate packing / ntoo tiv thaiv ntawm ob sab ntawm cov hlab thiab tsim nyog tiv thaiv rau hiav txwv-nqi tsim nyog xa los yog raws li thov.
Txheej txheem cej luam
P92 txheem kub boiler raj seamless alloy yeeb nkab.
| Txheem:ASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Alloy los yog Tsis: Alloy |
| Qib: P92 | Daim ntawv thov: Boiler Pipe |
| Thickness: 1-100 hli | Kev kho deg: Raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (Round): 10 - 1000 mm | Txheej Txheem: Kub Rolled / Cold Drawn |
| Length: Tsau Length lossis Random Length | Kev kho cua sov: Annealing / Normalizing / Tempering |
| Tshooj Shape: Round | Cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb: Thick Wall Pipe |
| Qhov chaw Keeb Kwm: Suav teb | Kev Siv: Cov Yeeb Nkab Siab Siab, Boiler Thiab Kub Exchanger |
| Ntawv pov thawj: ISO9001: 2008 | Test: ET/UT |
Chemical Component
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm seamless steel kav rau roj tawg
| C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | |
| P92 | 0.07-0.13 dr hab | 0.5 | 0.30-0.60 Nws | 0.02 ib | 0.01 ib | 8.50-9.5 Nws | 0.30-0.60 Nws |
Mechanical Property
| Cov khoom | Cov ntaub ntawv |
| Tensile zog, min, (MPa) | 620 Mpa |
| Yield zog, min, (MPa) | 440Mpa |
Kev kho cua sov
|
Qib | Kev kho cua sov hom | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing lossis Tempering |
| P5, P9, P11, thiab P22 | |||
| A335 P92 | Tag Nrho lossis Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize Thiab Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] |
Ua siab ntev
Rau cov raj xa mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj ± 1% Los ntawm cov qhia hauv kab.
Permissible variations In Outside Diameter
| NPS Designator | Zoo kam rau ua | tsis zoo kam rau ua | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8–11⁄2, Incl | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Tshaj 11⁄2 rau 4, Inc. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 4 txog 8, Inc | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 ib | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 8 txog 12, Inc. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 Nws | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 ib |
| Tshaj 12 | ± 1% Ntawm Cov Lus Qhia | |||
