1. Intshayelelo kuumbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo
Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo ngumbhobho wentsimbi kunye necandelwana elinqamlezileyo kwaye akukho zithungo ezijikelezileyo. Inamandla amakhulu, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwe-thermal. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo, imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifanai-petroleum, ishishini lemichiza, amandla ombane, kunyeukwakhiwa.
2. Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo
Inkqubo yemveliso yombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo ikakhulu ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
a. Lungiselela imathiriyeli ekrwada: Khetha iibhilithi zentsimbi ezifanelekileyo, ezifuna indawo egudileyo, kungabikho amaqamza, akukho zintanda, kwaye akukho ziphene zicacileyo.
b. Ukufudumeza: Ukufudumeza i-billet yensimbi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukuyenza iplastiki kwaye kulula ukuyifaka.
c. I-Perforation: I-billet yensimbi efudumeleyo ifakwe kwi-tube engenanto ngomatshini wokubhoboza, oko kukuthi, umbhobho wentsimbi owenziwe kwangaphambili.
d. Ukuqengqeleka kombhobho: Ityhubhu engenanto iqengqeleka izihlandlo ezininzi ukunciphisa ububanzi bayo, yandise ubukhulu bodonga lwayo, nokuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
e. Ubungakanani: Umbhobho wensimbi ugqitywe ngomatshini wokulinganisa ukuze ububanzi kunye nodonga lombhobho wensimbi uhlangabezane neemfuno eziqhelekileyo.
f. Ukupholisa: Umbhobho wentsimbi omileyo uyapholiswa ukwandisa ubulukhuni kunye nokomelela kwawo.
g. Ukulungelelanisa: Qinisa umbhobho wentsimbi opholileyo ukuphelisa ukugoba kwawo.
h. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho: Ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa komgangatho kwimibhobho yentsimbi egqityiweyo, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kobukhulu, ubukhulu bodonga, ubunzima, umgangatho womhlaba, njl.
3. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo#Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo#
3. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo#Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo#
Inkqubo ethile yokwenza imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yile ilandelayo:
a. Lungiselela imathiriyeli ekrwada: Khetha iibhilithi zentsimbi ezifanelekileyo, ezingadingi ziphene, kungabikho amaqamza, kwaye akukho zintanda kumphezulu.
b. Ukufudumeza: Ukufudumeza i-billet yentsimbi ukuya kwimo yobushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bobushushu yi-1000-1200 ℃.
c. Ukugqobhoza: Ibillet yentsimbi efudunyeziweyo igqojozwa kwityhubhu engenanto ngomatshini wokugqobhoza. Ngeli xesha, i-tube blank ayikabunjwa ngokupheleleyo.
d. Ukuqengqeleka kombhobho: I-tube engenanto ithunyelwa kumatshini wokuqengqeleka kombhobho ukuze kuncitshiswe ububanzi bombhobho kunye nokwandisa ubukhulu bodonga, ngelixa kuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
e. Ukufudumeza kwakhona: Phinda utshise i-tube eqengqelekayo engenanto ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olushiyekileyo.
f. Ubungakanani: Umbhobho wensimbi ugqitywe ngomatshini wokulinganisa ukuze ububanzi kunye nodonga lombhobho wensimbi uhlangabezane neemfuno eziqhelekileyo.
g. Ukupholisa: Pholisa umbhobho wentsimbi omile, usebenzisa ukupholisa amanzi okanye ukupholisa umoya.
h. Ukulungelelanisa: Qinisa umbhobho wentsimbi opholileyo ukuphelisa ukugoba kwawo.
i. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho: Ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa komgangatho kwimibhobho yentsimbi egqityiweyo, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kobukhulu, ubukhulu bodonga, ubunzima, umgangatho womhlaba, njl.
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuvelisa, kufuneka kuqatshelwe la manqaku alandelayo: okokuqala, umgangatho kunye nokuzinza kwezinto eziluhlaza kufuneka kuqinisekiswe; okwesibini, ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha lokubhoboza kunye neenkqubo zokuqengqeleka ukuphepha ukuqhekeka kunye nokuguqulwa; ekugqibeleni, ukulinganisa kunye nokupholisa Ukuzinza kunye nokuthe tye kombhobho wensimbi kufuneka kugcinwe ngexesha lenkqubo.
4. Ukulawulwa komgangatho wemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo, le miba ilandelayo kufuneka ilawulwe:
a. Izinto eziluhlaza: Sebenzisa iibhilithi zentsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ziphene, amaqamza, okanye iintanda kumphezulu. Kwangaxeshanye, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali kunye neepropathi zoomatshini bezinto eziluhlaza zihlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo.
b. Inkqubo yokuvelisa: Lawula ngokungqongqo inkqubo nganye kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wenkqubo nganye uzinzile kwaye unokwethenjelwa. Ngokukodwa ngexesha leenkqubo zokubhoboza kunye nokuqengqeleka, ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo ukuphepha ukuqhekeka kunye nokuguqulwa.
c. Imilinganiselo: Yenza uhlolo lwe-dimensional kwimibhobho yentsimbi egqityiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ububanzi kunye nobukhulu bodonga buhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokulinganisa zingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa, njenge-micrometers, izixhobo zokulinganisa ubukhulu bodonga, njl.
d. Umgangatho womphezulu: Yenza ukuhlolwa komgangatho ophezulu kwimibhobho yentsimbi egqityiweyo, kubandakanywa uburhabaxa bomphezulu, ubukho bokuqhekeka, ukugoba kunye nezinye iziphene. Ukukhangela kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo okanye izixhobo zokuvavanya ezikhethekileyo.
e. Ulwakhiwo lwe-metallographic: Yenza uvavanyo lwesakhiwo se-metallographic kumbhobho wentsimbi ogqityiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubume bemetallographic buhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, imakroskopu isetyenziselwa ukujonga ubume bemetallographic kwaye ijonge ukuba kukho iziphene ezincinci.
f. Iimpawu zomatshini: Iipropati zomatshini wemibhobho yentsimbi egqityiweyo ivavanywa, kubandakanywa ubunzima, amandla okuqina, amandla okuvelisa kunye nezinye izibonakaliso. Oomatshini bokuvavanya i-tensile kunye nezinye izixhobo zingasetyenziselwa uvavanyo.
Ngokusebenzisa imilinganiselo yokulawula umgangatho ongentla, umgangatho wemibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo unokuqinisekiswa ukuba uzinzile kwaye unokwethenjelwa, uhlangabezana neemfuno zemimandla eyahlukeneyo yesicelo.
5. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo
Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ingakumbi ezibandakanya le miba ilandelayo:
a. Ushishino lwePetroleum: olusetyenziswa kwimibhobho ye-oyile yequla, imibhobho yeoli kunye nemibhobho yekhemikhali kushishino lwepetroleum. Imibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo ineempawu zamandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion, kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kwaye inokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza kweshishini le-petroleum.
b. Ishishini lemichiza: Kwishishini lemichiza, imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho eyahlukeneyo yokusabela kweekhemikhali, imibhobho yokuthutha ulwelo, njl.nj ishishini lemichiza.
Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo yintsimbi ejikelezayo enecandelo elingenanto kwaye akukho mida ejikelezileyo. Ineempawu zamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphantsi. Ngokweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenamthungo zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: iibhobho ezishushu kunye neebhobho ezibandayo. Iibhobho ezitshisayo zenziwe ngokufudumeza iibhilidi zetsimbi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu lokubhoboza, ukuqengqeleka, ukupholisa kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kwaye zifanelekile kwiipayipi zetsimbi ezinkulu kunye neziyinkimbinkimbi; imibhobho eqengqelekayo ebandayo yenziwa ngokuqengqeleka okubandayo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kwaye ifanelekile kwimveliso Incinci enqamlezileyo kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi echanekileyo ephezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-28-2023
