Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yintsimbi engqukuva, isikwere, uxande enecandelo elingenamgongxo kwaye akukho zithungo zijikelezileyo.Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zenziwe ngeengots okanye iibhilithi eziqinileyo ezigqobhozelwe kwiityhubhu ze-capillary kwaye emva koko zishushu ziqengqiwe, ziqengqeleke kubanda okanye zitsalwa ngokubanda.

Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo onecandelo elinomgongxo, inani elikhulu lemibhobho esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ulwelo, Ekugobeni kunye namandla e-torsion ngaxeshanye,Ukuthelekisa umbhobho wentsimbi kunye nentsimbi engqukuva kunye nezinye eziqinileyo. icandelo lentsimbi, elisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iindawo ezibunjwe kakuhle kunye namalungu omatshini, njengentsimbi yokomba ioli.

Imveliso yetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo inembali ephantse ibe yiminyaka eyi-100. Abazalwana baseJamani baseManismann baqala ukuqulunqa i-punch-rolling cross-rolling punch ngo-1885, emva koko baqulunqa umatshini wokuqengqeleka kombhobho ngo-1891, kunye ne-Swiss RCStiefel yaqulunqa umatshini wokugoqa umbhobho ozenzekelayo. okwaziwa ngokuba ngumatshini oqengqelekayo wemibhobho) ngo-1903, kunye noomatshini abahlukeneyo bokwandisa, abanjengomatshini wokuqengqeleka wemibhobho eqhubekayo kunye umatshini wokutyhala umbhobho, waqala ukwenza ishishini letyhubhu yentsimbi yangoku engenamthungo.Ngeminyaka yoo-1930, umatshini wokusila wemibhobho emithathu wamkelwa.

I-Extrusion press kunye nexesha elibandayo lokusila liphucula ukuhlukahluka kunye nomgangatho weetyhubhu zentsimbi.Ngeminyaka yee-1960, ngenxa yokuphuculwa kombhobho wokusila oqhubekayo, ukuvela kwe-punch-roll punch, ngakumbi impumelelo yokusetyenziswa komatshini wokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuqhubekayo. i-billet yokuphosa, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokwandisa ukukhuphisana kombhobho ongenamthungo kunye nombhobho odityanisiweyo.

Ngeminyaka yee-1970, umbhobho ongenamthungo kunye nombhobho odityanisiweyo ugcina isantya omnye komnye, kwaye imveliso yombhobho wentsimbi yehlabathi iyanda ngaphezu kwe-5% ngonyaka. iqale yaqulunqa inkqubo yemveliso yokuqengqeleka imibhobho eyahlukeneyo emikhulu, ephakathi kunye emincinci. Ngokubanzi, umbhobho wobhedu wamkela inkqubo yokuqengqeleka kwebillet kunye nokugqobhoza, ukuqengqeleka kombhobho wokusila. kunye nomzobo wekhoyili.

Isicelokunye nokuhlelwa kweetyhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo

Isicelo: ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo luhlobo lwentsimbi yecandelo loqoqosho, inesikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwelizwe, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwipetroleum, kwishishini lemichiza, kwibhoyila, isikhululo samandla, inqanawa, ukwenziwa koomatshini, inqwelomoya, inqwelomoya, inqwelomoya, amandla, umhlaba. , amacandelo okwakha kunye nomkhosi.

Ukuhlelwa:

(1) Ngokwemilo yecandelo eyahlulahlulwe ibe: ityhubhu yecandelo lesetyhula, ityhubhu yecandelo elenziwe ngokukhethekileyo

(2) ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo: umbhobho wentsimbi yekhabhoni, umbhobho wentsimbi yealloyi, umbhobho wentsimbi, umbhobho odibeneyo

(3) Ngokwendlela yokudibanisa: umbhobho wokudibanisa odibeneyo, umbhobho we-welding

(4) Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa: ukuqengqeleka okushushu (i-extrusion, phezulu, ukwandiswa) umbhobho, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo (ukutsala) umbhobho.

(5) Ngokusetyenziswa: umbhobho webhoyila, umbhobho we-oyile wequla, umbhobho wombhobho, umbhobho wolwakhiwo, umbhobho wesichumiso.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo

Inkqubo ephambili yemveliso yetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu (inkqubo yokuhlola engundoqo):

Ukulungiswa kunye nokuhlolwa kwebhilethi yombhobho → ukufudumeza ibhilethi yombhobho → ukugqobhoza → umbhobho oqengqelekayo → ukufudumeza umbhobho ongenanto → ukulungisa (ukunciphisa) ububanzi → unyango lobushushu → ukulungiswa kombhobho ogqityiweyo → ukugqiba → ukuhlola (okungonakalisiyo, okubonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kwesikhululo) → indawo yokugcina impahla

(2) Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo (umzobo) inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo

Ukulungiswa kwebhilethi → ukukha kunye nokuthambisa → ukuqengqeleka okubandayo (umzobo) → unyango lobushushu → ukulungisa → ukugqiba → ukuhlola

Itshathi yenkqubo yokuvelisa yetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu iqengqeleke ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: