Njengoko iholide iphelile, siye saqalisa umsebenzi wesiqhelo. Enkosi ngenkxaso yakho kunye nokuqonda ngexesha leholide. Ngoku, sijonge phambili ekuqhubekeni sikubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisebenzayo nezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Njengoko imeko yemarike itshintsha, siye saqaphela ukuba amaxabiso aqhubekile ukunyuka kutshanje. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba sinokuqhubeka nokubonelela ngeemveliso kunye neenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, amaxabiso ezinye iiodolo zinokufuna ukulungiswa.
Ke ngoko, siyakucela ngobubele ukuba unikele ingqalelo kule mibandela ilandelayo xa ufaka iiodolo:
1. Unxibelelwano olungexesha: Ukuba unomyalelo oxoxwa ngawo okanye uza kufakwa, nceda uqhagamshelane neqela lethu ngokukhawuleza ukuze uqinisekise ulwazi lwamva nje lwexabiso.
2. Uhlengahlengiso lwexabiso: Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kweemarike, ixabiso leminye imiyalelo lingatshintsha. Siya kuzama konke okusemandleni ethu ukugcina ixabiso elifanelekileyo kwaye lilungelelanise ngexesha ngokwemeko ethile.
3. Ukungafihli kunye nenkxaso: Sizimisele ukugcina ukungafihli kuhlengahlengiso lwamaxabiso kunye nokubonelela ngeenkcazo ezineenkcukacha zotshintsho lwamaxabiso. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi.
Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo ngumbhobho wensimbi ngaphandle kwe-welds, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili zinamandla okuthwala uxinzelelo, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-corrosion, kunye namandla aphezulu okugoba, ngoko ke iqhuba kakuhle kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo ezifana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu. Inkqubo yokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yahlulahlulwe ngamanyathelo amaninzi abalulekileyo, kwaye ulawulo olungqongqo lwekhwalithi lwenziwa ukusuka kwimveliso ekrwada ukuya kwimveliso yokugqibela.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa
Ukuveliswa kwemibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo kuqala ngeebhilidi zensimbi ezijikelezayo. Iibhilidi zensimbi ezijikelezileyo zifudunyezwa malunga ne-1200 ℃ kwisithando somlilo kwaye zingene kwinkqubo yokutshisa. Inkqubo yokushisa eshushu isebenzisa umatshini wokubhoboza ukubhoboza iibhilidi zetsimbi ezifudumalayo ukwenza i-tube billet kunye nomngxuma phakathi. Eli nyathelo limisela ukuma kokuqala kombhobho wensimbi kwaye iqinisekisa amandla okwakhiwa kombhobho wensimbi.
Emva koko, i-tube billet ehlatyiweyo iyandiswa ngakumbi kwaye yenziwe ngenkqubo yokuqengqeleka. Ubushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nesantya ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqengqeleka kufuneka ilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubungakanani, ukufana kodonga kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wombhobho wensimbi.
Emva kokuqulunqa, umbhobho wensimbi kufuneka uhambe kwinkqubo yokupholisa kunye nokulungelelanisa. Ukupholisa kukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza umbhobho ukusuka kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukuya kwindawo yokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo se-metallographic yezinto. Ukulungelelanisa kukuphelisa ukugoba okanye enye i-deformation enokuthi yenzeke ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kombhobho.
Ekugqibeleni, umbhobho wensimbi nawo kufuneka uvavanywe ngokungqongqo kunye nokucubungula. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukufumanisa i-ultrasonic flaw, ukufunyanwa kwe-eddy yangoku, njl., ngokukodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ziphene ngaphakathi kwipayipi yensimbi engenamthungo kwaye ihlangabezane nemigangatho yokusetyenziswa. Eminye imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo nayo iya kungena kwiinkqubo zonyango ezingaphezulu ezinje ngokuchola kunye ne-phosphating ukomeleza ukuxhathisa kwazo.
Izilumkiso zokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo
Njengomgangatho ophezulu, ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo kunye ne-corrosion-resistant material, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenamthungo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-petroleum, iikhemikhali, amandla ombane, oomatshini kunye namanye amashishini. Nangona kunjalo, nangona intsebenzo yayo ephezulu, ukusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kwindawo yokusebenza. Ezi zilandelayo zizilumkiso zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa:
1. Khetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkcukacha
Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ifumaneka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha. Xa uzisebenzisa, kufuneka ukhethe imveliso efanelekileyo ngokwemeko yesicelo esithile. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza (ezifana noxinzelelo olusebenzayo, ubushushu, ukubola kwe-medium, njl. njl.) zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezinto zemibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo. Ngokomzekelo, xa uthutha imidiya ephezulu yokushisa, kufuneka kusetyenziswe imibhobho yensimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu; kwindawo enomhlwa kakhulu, imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo eyenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo okanye ezinye izinto ezikwaziyo ukugilana kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba uqonde iiparitha zobugcisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemeko zombhobho wensimbi ukuze ugweme iingozi ezikhuselekileyo ezibangelwa kukukhethwa kwezinto ezingafanelekanga.
2. Nika ingqalelo kwindlela yokudibanisa yombhobho ngexesha lofakelo
Ekubeni imibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo ayinayo i-welds, ingqibelelo yabo yesakhiwo ingcono, kodwa indlela yokudibanisa kufuneka ibe nengqiqo ngexesha lofakelo. Iindlela zokudibanisa eziqhelekileyo ziquka uxhulumaniso lwe-flange, uxhulumaniso lwentambo kunye ne-welding. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nezihlandlo eziphezulu zokushisa, i-welding kufuneka ilumke ngokukodwa, kwaye umgangatho we-weld uchaphazela ngqo ubomi benkonzo yombhobho. Ngoko ke, ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, kucetyiswa ukuba iingcali zisebenze ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-welding ifana, ayinama-pores kunye nokuqhekeka.
3. Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa rhoqo
Nangona imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo inokumelana nokugqwesa okuphezulu kunye nokuqina, kusafuneka ihlolwe kwaye igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ngakumbi kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye iindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu. Imibhobho iphantsi koxinzelelo lwexesha elide lokusebenza kunye nokukhukuliseka okuphakathi, kunye nokuqhekeka okuncinci okanye iindawo zokubola zingavela. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-ultrasonic, uvavanyo loxinzelelo kunye novavanyo lwe-corrosion lunokunceda ukufumanisa iingozi ezifihliweyo ngexesha kunye nokuphepha iingozi ezinzulu.
4. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izinto ezininzi
Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo inesakhono sazo soxinzelelo oluphezulu oluyilelweyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, imigangatho efanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo kufuneka ilandelwe ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa okugqithisileyo. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kobushushu obugqithisileyo kuya kubangela ukuguqulwa kombhobho, ukunciphisa amandla, kunye nokuqhekeka okanye ukuvuza. Ngoko ke, abaqhubi kufuneka babeke esweni ngokungqongqo uxinzelelo lokusebenza kunye nobushushu bombhobho ukuze baqinisekise ukuba usebenza phakathi koluhlu olukhuselekileyo.
5. Ukuthintela umonakalo womatshini wangaphandle
Ngethuba lokuthutha, ukuphatha kunye nokufakwa, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenamthungo zithinteka kwimpembelelo yangaphandle kunye nokukhuhlana, okunokubangela umonakalo ongaphezulu kwaye kuchaphazele amandla abo onke. Ngoko ke, xa uphatha kunye nokugcina, amanyathelo okukhusela kufuneka asetyenziswe ukuphepha ukudibanisa nezinto ezibukhali, kwaye musa ukudonsa umbhobho wensimbi ngokuthanda, ngakumbi xa udonga lombhobho luncinci.
6. Thintela i-internal medium kwi-scaling okanye ukuvala
Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide, i-medium kumbhobho inokufaka idiphozithi ukuze yenze umaleko wesikali, ngakumbi xa uhambisa amanzi, umphunga okanye ezinye izinto zosasazo ezithanda ukunyusa. Ukulinganisa kudonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho kuya kwandisa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kombhobho, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhambisa, kwaye kubangele ukuvaleka. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba uhlambulule rhoqo kwaye usebenzise ii-agent zokucoca iikhemikhali ukuhla xa kuyimfuneko.