Iimfazwe zamazwe angaphandle ziyaqhubeka, kodwa i-macroeconomics yasekhaya iyaqhubeka nokuzisa imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo, kwaye kwicala lemizi-mveliso, amaxabiso entsimbi abethe phezulu amaxesha amaninzi.I-Bifocals iphakanyisiwe ngokunyuka kwemfuno ngexesha lokufudumala, ukuxhaswa kweendleko kuye kwaqina, kwaye amaxabiso ensimbi aqhubekile nokunyuka., ukwesaba kweemfuno eziphezulu ze-terminal kuye kwaqina, imisebenzi yokuzaliswa kweemarike iye yanda, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yemihla ngemihla iye yancipha, ukungeniswa kwentsimbi yentsimbi kunciphile, ujikelezo olunye lweefandesi zomhlaba sele luqalisile, kwaye imarike yendawo izinzile kwaye yomelele.Ukusuka kumbono obanzi, amaxabiso ensimbi kulindeleke ukuba azinzile kwaye aqine ngomso.

Umzi mveliso weSanon Pipe ngoku unale mibhobho yentsimbi ilandelayo esitokhweni:

Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo kwiibhoyila eziphantsi kunye neziphakathi - I-GB/T3087-2008I-10 #, esetyenziselwa imibhobho yomphunga eshushu kakhulu, imibhobho yamanzi abilayo, imibhobho yodonga epholileyo ngamanzi kunye nemibhobho yomphunga eshushu kwiibhoyili ze-locomotive, iipayipi ezinkulu zomsi, imibhobho emincinci yomsi kunye nemibhobho yezitena ze-arch, njl.Izinto eziphambili: 10 # 20 #, inkqubo yokuvelisa: i-hot-rolled ihanjiswa kwisimo esishushu, i-cold-rolled (rolled) ihanjiswa kwisimo sokushisa.

Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo kwiibhoyili zoxinzelelo oluphezulu - GB/T5310-2017, injongo: Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umgangatho ophezulu we-carbon structural steel, i-alloy structural iron kunye ne-stainless heat-resistant-resistant steel mibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo kwibhobho yebhoyili yomphunga yoxinzelelo oluphezulu nangaphezulu..Umgangatho ophezulu we-carbon structural steel grade ziquka i-20g, 20mng, kunye ne-25mng, kunye ne-alloy structural steel grade ziquka i-15mog, i-20mog, i-12crmog, i-15crmog, i-12cr2mog, i-12crmovg, i-12cr3movsitib, njl.

ASME SA-106/SA-106M-2015——Umathiriyeli oyintloko: GR.B GR.C

I-ASTMA210(A210M)-2012——Umathiriyeli ongundoqo: SA210 GrA1.SA210 GrC

ASME SA-213/SA-213M- Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: T11, T12, T22 T23 T91 P92

I-ASTM A335/A335M-2018- Izinto eziphambili: P11 P12 P22 P5 P9 P23 P91 P92

Imibhobho yoomatshini kunye nemibhobho yesichumisi kunye nemichiza:I-GB/T8162-2008Imibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo yokusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo - izinto eziphambili ziyi-10.20.35.45.Q345

I-BS EN 10210-1-2006Intsimbi yolwakhiwo olungeyo-alloyi olushushu oluqengqelekayo kunye nentsimbi ecolekileyo yolwakhiwo lwenxalenye yezakhiwo zentsimbi—S235GRH S275JOH S275J2H S355JOH S355J2H

I-ASTM A53A53M-2012Umbhobho wentsimbi owenziwe ngomthungo ongenamthungo, oditshiweyo kunye noshushu-diphu - GR.A GR.B

Iityhubhu zentsimbi eziSeamiess zokuqhekeka kwepetroleumI-GB9948-2006 -Iibhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo kwiityhubhu ze-fumace, iityhubhu zokutshintshiselana ngobushushu kunye nemibhobho kwi-petroleum kunye nezityalo zokucoca, izinto eziphambili zezi: umgangatho ophezulu we-carbon structural steel grade 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG, i-alloy structural steel steel grade 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, njl.;

IMibhobho yePetroleum yoKwakha imibhobho: I-API 5L (Uguqulelo 45) Imibhobho yomgca PSL1 PSL2, GB/T 9711-2017 Imibhobho yensimbi ye-oyile kunye negesi yenkqubo yokuthutha imibhobho yoshishino, izinto eziphambili: GR.B X42 X52 X60 X65 X70;

I-API SPEC 5CT-2018 Casing kunye neTubing, izixhobo eziphambili zezi: J55 K55 N80 N80Q L80 L80Q P110