1 .Intshayelelo emfutshane yombhobho wolwakhiwo

Umbhobho ongenamthungo wesakhiwo (i-GB / T8162-2008) isetyenziselwa isakhiwo esiqhelekileyo kunye nesakhiwo somatshini wombhobho ongenamthungo.I-tube yensimbi engenamthungo yahlulwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.

Umbhobho wensimbi engenamthungo wesakhiwo (i-GB/T14975-2002) ngumbhobho oshushu oqengqelekayo (owongeziweyo, owandisiweyo) kunye nombhobho otsalwa ngokubanda (oqengqiwe) owenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo esetyenziswa kwikhemikhali, kwipetroleum, kwilaphu, ezonyango, ekutyeni, koomatshini kunye nakwimichiza. amanye amashishini, imibhobho ekwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa kunye namalungu olwakhiwo kunye namalungu.

I-GB/T8162-2008 (umbhobho ongenamthungo wesakhiwo) isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala kunye nesakhiwo soomatshini. Izinto ezimele ummeli (brand) : carbon steel 20, 45 steel, Q235, i-alloy steel Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo , 42CrMo njalo njalo.

Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo

Ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvelisa yayo yahlukile, yahlulwe yaba ityhubhu yentsimbi eshushu eqengqelekayo (extruded) ingenamthungo kunye nebandayo etsalwa (iqengqiwe) ingenamthungo yentsimbi ityhubhu ezimbini iindidi.Umbhobho obandayo (oqengqiwe) wahlulwe waba ngumbhobho ojikelezayo kunye nombhobho omilise okwesibini. iintlobo.

A.Amagqabantshintshi okuqukuqela kwenkqubo

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu (ityhubhu yentsimbi ekhutshiweyo engenamthungo) : ityhubhu engqukuva → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → ukuqengqeleka okuqengqelekayo okuthathu, ukuqengqeleka okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhupha → ukuhluba ityhubhu → ukusika (okanye ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ityhubhu engenanto → ukolula → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (okanye isiphene ubhaqo) → ukuphawula → ugcino.

Umzobo obandayo (ukuqengqeleka) ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo: ityhubhu engqukuva → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → isihloko → ukuqhola → ukuchola → ukuthambisa (iplate yobhedu) → umzobo obandayo ohamba ngeendlela ezininzi (ukuqengqeleka okubandayo) → ityhubhu engenanto → unyango lobushushu → ukulungisa → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (ukubona iziphene) → ukuphawula → ugcino.

2 .Imigangatho

1, GB: ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yesakhiwo: GB8162-2008 2, ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yokuhambisa ulwelo: GB8163-2008 3, ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo kwibhoyila: GB3087-2008 4, ityhubhu yoxinzelelo oluphezulu olungenamthungo kwibhoyila: 5, izixhobo zesichumisi sekhemikhali kumbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo woxinzelelo oluphezulu: GB6479-2000 6, ukugrumba i-geological kumbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo: YB235-70 7, ukomba ioli kumbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo: YB528-65 8, i-petroleum yokuqhekeka kombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo:10. Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo kwi-automobile semi-shaft: GB3088-1999 11. Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wenqanawa: GB5312-1999 12.13, zonke iintlobo zetyhubhu yealloy 16Mn, 27SiMn, 15CrMo, 35CrMo, 12CrMov, 12CrMov, 12CrMov, 12CrMov, 4

Ukongeza, kukho i-GB/T17396-2009 (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu eqengqelekayo yepropu yehydraulic), i-GB3093-1986 (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ephezulu yoxinzelelo lwenjini yedizili), GB/T3639-1983 (itsalwa ngokubanda okanye ebandayo- ityhubhu yentsimbi eqengqelekayo echanekileyo, i-GB/T3094-1986 (iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezitsalwa ngokubanda, iityhubhu zentsimbi ezimilise okwemilo eyodwa), i-GB/T8713-1988 (iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezinomthamo wangaphakathi ochanekileyo we-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic cylinders), GB13296-1991 (iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezingenamthungo kwizibiyeli kunye nokutshintsha ubushushu), i-GB/T14975-1994 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo esetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo), GB/T14976-1994 (Iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo echanekileyo engaphakathi kwedayamitha yehydraulic kunye nepneumatic cylinders) iibhubhu zokuthuthwa kwamanzi i-GB/T5035-1993 (iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo kwi-axle bushing yemoto), i-API SPEC5CT-1999 (inkcazo ye-casing kunye ne-tubing), njl.

I-2, umgangatho waseMelika: i-ASTM A53 - ASME SA53 - I-Boiler kunye ne-Pressure Vessel ikhowudi inqanaba eliphambili lokuvelisa okanye iklasi yentsimbi: A53A, A53B, SA53A, SA53B

Ifomula yobunzima betyhubhu engenamthungo: [(idayamitha yangaphandle - ubukhulu bodonga)* ubukhulu bodonga]*0.02466=kg/m (ubunzima ngemitha nganye)