Halbeegga wax-soo-saarka Shiinaha API 5L 5CT Psl1/ Psl2 X42/X52/X46/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 Tuubooyinka Xadhkaha Xadiidka ah
Dulmar
Si loo noqdo natiijada takhasuskeena iyo miyir-qabkayaga, shirkadeena waxay ku guulaysatey sumcad aad u wanaagsan macaamiisha adduunka oo dhan ee API 5L 5CT Psl1 / Psl2 X42/X52/X46/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 Birta Khadka Tooska ah Tubooyinka, oo lagu dhiirigelinayo soosaarka degdega ah ee suuqa hadda jira ee cuntada degdega ah iyo isticmaalka cabbitaannada adduunka oo dhan, waxaan u ugaarsanaynaa inaan la shaqayno la-hawlgalayaasha/macaamiisha si aan u abuurno natiijooyin wanaagsan si wadajir ah. Waxaan had iyo jeer abuurnay tignoolajiyada cusub si aan u habaynno wax soo saarka, oo aan u soo saarno badeecadaha qiimo tartan iyo tayo sare leh! Ku qanacsanaanta macaamiishu waa mudnaantayada! Waxaad noo ogolaan kartaa inaan ogaano fikradaada si aan u horumarino naqshad gaar ah oo loogu talagalay qaabkaaga si looga hortago qaybo badan oo la mid ah suuqa! Waxaan ku siin doonaa adeegeena ugu fiican si aan u qancino dhammaan baahiyahaaga! Fadlan nala soo xidhiidh isla markiiba!
Dhuumaha dhuumaha: Saliidda, Gaaska ama biyaha dhulka laga soo saaro waxaa lagu qaadaa warshadaha saliidda iyo gaaska iyadoo la raacayo tuubooyinka dhuumaha. dhamaadka godka; Habka isku xirka waa alxanka dhamaadka, isku xirka collar, xiriirka godka iyo wixii la mid ah.
Dhuumaha dhuumaha: saliidda, gaaska ama biyaha laga soo saaro dhulka waxaa loo qaadaa warshadaha saliidda iyo gaaska iyadoo la adeegsanayo tuubooyinka tuubooyinka. Tuubbada alxanka leh waxay ku xiran tahay tuubada xariiqda alxanka ee isku dhafan, guud ahaan dhererku wuu dheer yahay, wuxuu qancin karaa tirada isticmaalaha, laakiin xasilloonida Uma fiicna sida hal cuf oo isku dhafan oo ah tuubo aan tol lahayn, laakiin guud ahaan way ka gaaban yihiin dhererka tuubada bilaa-xun, kuma qancin karaan macaamilka isticmaalka masaafada dheer laba nooc oo tuubo ah oo aan kala go 'lahayn iyo welded, dhamaadka tuubada ayaa leh dhamaadka fidsan, dhamaadka dunta iyo dhamaadka godka; Qaabka isku xirka waa alxanka dhamaadka, isku xirka collar, xiriirinta godka iyo wixii la mid ah.
Iyada oo horumarinta tignoolajiyada saxan birta dhuumaha ah iyo horumarka samaynta tuubooyinka welded, technology alxanka, kala duwan codsiga ee tuubada la tuubooyinka alxanka in si tartiib tartiib ah ballaarinta, gaar ahaan dhexroor weyn ee fasalka tuubooyinka welded faa'iidada ka badan qoyan, iyo kharashka Qodobbada, dhuumaha welded ayaa ku badnaa beerta tuubada xariiqda, taas oo xaddidaysa horumarinta tuubooyinka birta ee birta ah ee aan fiicnayn.
Wax soo saarka dhuumaha API5L ayaa hadda la isticmaalayo habka daaweynta kulaylka microalloying, birta ahama qiimaha wax soo saarka tuubooyinka aan xuduud lahayn ayaa si aad ah uga sarreeya tuubada alxanka, iyo hagaajinta ee darajada birta, sida X80 tube fasalka steel xadka u dhiganta carbon, habka caadiga ah. Dhuumaha birta aan xuduud lahayn way adag tahay in la buuxiyo shuruudaha isticmaalaha
Dhuumaha birta gudbinta waxaa loo qaybiyaa PSL1, PSL2 laba darajooyin wax soo saarka, farqiga ugu weyni waa PSL2 marka la barbar dhigo PSL1 on carbon u dhiganta, adkaanta jabka, xoogga dhalidda ugu badnaan iyo shuruudaha xoogga ugu badnaan. Xakamaynta walxaha waxyeelada leh sida fosfooraska iyo baaruudku sidoo kale waa adag
Shuruudaha waxqabadka ugu muhiimsan ee dhuumaha saliidda iyo gaasta ee birta waxaa ka mid ah:
1. Xoog: Saliida guud iyo dhuumaha gaasta waxaa loo qaabeeyey iyadoo loo eegayo awoodda wax-soosaarka birta.
2. Adag: adkaanta sare ee birta birta ah waxay keeni kartaa heerka hoose ee saliidda iyo gaaska shilalka dillaacsan, sidaas API 5L qeexayaa in, marka lagu daro sifooyinka farsamada caadiga ah, v-notch Charpy saamaynta imtixaanka iyo dhibicda jeexjeexa dubbe imtixaanka waa in la kabo, iyo dhuumaha birta ah waa in ay noqdaan kuwo si adag u baaraya ka hor inta aanad ka bixin warshadda.
3. Weldability: Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay jawiga garoonka adag ee tuubooyinka, alxanka wanaagsan ayaa loo baahan yahay inta lagu jiro alxanka dabada ee tuubooyinka birta. iyo aagga kuleylku saameeyay, iyo kordhinta suurtagalnimada dillaaca dhuumaha. Mabda'a naqshadeynta ee alxanka birta waa xakamaynta barta kala-guurka martensite iyo adkeynta.Marka loo eego saameynta walxaha alloying on barta kala-guurka martensite iyo waayo-aragnimo wax ku ool ah, qaabka xisaabinta u dhiganta kaarboon waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo qiimeeyo weldability ee steel. Guud ahaan, u dhiganta kaarboon waa in la xakameeyo ka hooseeya 0.4%. Dhab ahaantii, inta badan biraha wax lagu farsameeyo waxaa lagu xakameynayaa wax ka hooseeya 0.35%.
4. Ductility: Haddii ductility uu ku filnaado, waxay u horseedi doontaa samaynta saxan bir ah oo kala go'a inta lagu jiro qaloocinta qabow ama jabka cambium inta lagu jiro alxanka.Sidaas darteed, heerka API ee tuubada alxanka ee ka soo baxa tijaabada fidsan ee go'an, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u baahan tahay macmiilku hagayo Tijaabada qaloocinta qabow. Furaha lagu hagaajinayo ductility waa in la yareeyo ku darida aan biraha ahayn ee birta oo la xakameeyo qaab-dhismeedka iyo qaybinta ka mid noqoshada.
5. Iska caabinta daxalka: marka la gudbinayo saliid sulfur iyo gaaska, hydrogen sulfide iyo carbon dioxide ee dareeraha waxay u horseedi doontaa isugeynta hydrogen iyo cadaadiska daxalka ee tuubooyinka birta. Tallaabooyinka sida xakamaynta maadada sulfur, xakamaynta qaabka sulfide iyo hagaajinta adkaanta dhumucda derbiga waa Sifooyinkeeda ugu muhiimsan waa microalloying iyo duubista kontoroolka, taas oo heli karta xoog sare, adagaan sare, caag sare iyo weldability wanaagsan oo hoos yimaada xaalad kulul. , baaruud, fosfooraska iyo walxaha kale ee waxyeellada leh ayaa sidoo kale ah mid aad u adag xakamaynta. Guud ahaan, baaruudku wuxuu ka yar yahay 0.01% si loo hagaajiyo caagagga iyo adkaanta birta, gaar ahaan qallafsanaanta.
Codsiga
Dhuumaha waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qaado saliidda, uumiga iyo biyaha laga soo qaado dhulka ilaa shirkadaha warshadaha saliidda iyo gaaska iyada oo loo marayo dhuumaha.
Fasalka ugu weyn
Darajada API 5L birta xariiqda: Gr.B X42 X52 X60 X65 X70
Qayb Kiimiko ah
| Heerka Birta (Magaca Birta) | Jajab tiro badan, oo ku salaysan kulaylka iyo falanqaynta alaabtaa,g% | |||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | ||
| max b | max b | min | max | max | max | max | max | |
| Dhuumaha aan Xumaan lahayn | ||||||||
| L175 ama A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L175P ama A25P | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.045 | 0.080 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L210 ama A | 0.22 | 0.90 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L245 ama B | 0.28 | 1.20 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | c,d | c,d | d |
| L290 ama X42 | 0.28 | 1.30 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L320 ama X46 | 0.28 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L360 ama X52 | 0.28 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L390 ama X56 | 0.28 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L415 ama X60 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L450 ama X65 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L485 ama X70 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| Dhuumaha alxanka leh | ||||||||
| L175 ama A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L175P ama A25P | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.045 | 0.080 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L210 ama A | 0.22 | 0.90 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | - | - | - |
| L245 ama B | 0.26 | 1.20 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | c,d | c,d | d |
| L290 ama X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L320 ama X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L360 ama X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L390 ama X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | d | d | d |
| L415 ama X60 | 0.26 e | 1.40 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L450 ama X65 | 0.26 e | 1.45 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| L485 ama X70 | 0.26 e | 1.65 e | - | 0.030 | 0.030 | f | f | f |
| a Cu ≤ 0.50 %; Ni ≤ 0.50 %; Cr ≤ 0.50 % iyo Mo ≤ 0.15 %. b Mid kasta oo ka hooseeya 0.01% ee ka hooseeya qiyaasta ugu badan ee kaarboonka, korodhka 0.05 % ee ka sarreeya fiirsashada ugu badan ee Mn waa la oggol yahay, ilaa ugu badnaan 1.65 % darajooyinka ≥ L245 ama B, laakiin ≤ L360 ama X52; ilaa ugu badnaan 1.75 % ee darajooyinka> L360 ama X52, laakiin <L485 ama X70; iyo ilaa ugu badnaan 2.00 % ee darajada L485 ama X70. c ilaa si kale lagu heshiiyo, Nb + V ≤ 0.06 %. d Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15 %. e Haddii aan si kale lagu heshiin. Haddii aan si kale lagu heshiin, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15 %. g Wax si ula kac ah loogu daro B lama ogola inta soo hadhayna B ≤ 0.001 %. | ||||||||
Hantida Makaanikada
|
Heerka Dhuumaha | Jidhka Dhuumaha ee Dhuumaha Aan Xun iyo Alxan lahayn | Tolmada alxan ee EW, LW, SAW, iyo lo'daDhuumaha | ||
| Xoogga Wax-soo-saarkaa Rt0.5 | Xoogga Jilicsana Rm | Dheeraynta(oo ku saabsan 50 mm ama 2 in.)Af | Xoogga Jilicsanb Rm | |
| MPa (psi) | MPa (psi) | % | MPa (psi) | |
| min | min | min | min | |
| L175 ama A25 | 175 (25,400) | 310 (45,000) | c | 310 (45,000) |
| L175P ama A25P | 175 (25,400) | 310 (45,000) | c | 310 (45,000) |
| L210 ama A | 210 (30,500) | 335 (48,600) | c | 335 (48,600) |
| L245 ama B | 245 (35,500) | 415 (60,200) | c | 415 (60,200) |
| L290 ama X42 | 290 (42,100) | 415 (60,200) | c | 415 (60,200) |
| L320 ama X46 | 320 (46,400) | 435 (63,100) | c | 435 (63,100) |
| L360 ama X52 | 360 (52,200) | 460 (66,700) | c | 460 (66,700) |
| L390 ama X56 | 390 (56,600) | 490 (71,100) | c | 490 (71,100) |
| L415 ama X60 | 415 (60,200) | 520 (75,400) | c | 520 (75,400) |
| L450 ama X65 | 450 (65,300) | 535 (77,600) | c | 535 (77,600) |
| L485 ama X70 | 485 (70,300) | 570 (82,700) | c | 570 (82,700) |
| a Darajooyinka dhexdhexaadka ah, faraqa u dhexeeya xoogga jilicsanaanta ugu yar ee la cayimay iyo xoogga dhalidda ugu yar ee la cayimay ee jirka biibiile waa sida lagu sheegay shaxda darajada sare ee soo socota. waa in uu la mid noqdaa sidii lagu go'aamiyay jirka tuubada iyadoo la adeegsanayo qoraalka hoose a)Af, lagu muujiyey boqolkiiba oo lagu soo koobay boqolkiiba ugu dhow, waa in lagu go'aamiyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta soo socota:
xagee C waa 1940 xisaabinta iyadoo la isticmaalayo unugyada SI iyo 625,000 xisaabinta iyadoo la isticmaalayo cutubyada USC; Axc waa qaybta tijaabada jeebka ee lagu dabaqi karo aagga iskutallaabta, oo lagu muujiyey milimitir laba jibaaran (inji laba jibaaran), sida soo socota: 1) qaybo tijaabo ah oo iskutallaab ah oo wareeg ah, 130 mm2 (0.20 in.2) ee 12.7 mm (0.500 in.) iyo 8.9 mm (0.350 in.) qaybaha tijaabada dhexroorka; 65 mm2 (0.10 in.2) ee 6.4 mm (0.250 in.) qaybaha tijaabada dhexroor; 2) qaybo tijaabo ah oo dhamaystiran, ka yar ee a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in.2) iyo b) aagga qaybta tijaabada ah, oo laga soo qaatay iyada oo la isticmaalayo dhexroor dibadda ah oo cayiman iyo dhumucda gidaarka ee la cayimay ee tuubada. lagu soo koobay 10 mm2 ugu dhow (0.01 in.2); 3) qaybaha tijaabada xariijimaha, ka yar ee a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in.2) iyo b) aagga iskutallaabta ee gabal tijaabo ah, oo laga soo qaatay iyadoo la isticmaalayo ballaca cad ee cadadka tijaabada iyo dhumucda gidaarka la cayimay ee tuubada , lagu soo koobay 10 mm2 ugu dhow (0.01 in.2); U waa xoogga xajinta ugu yar ee la cayimay, oo lagu muujiyay megapascals (pounds per square). | ||||
Dhexroor ka baxsan, oo ka baxsan wareegsan iyo dhumucda derbiga
| Dhexroorka Dibadeed ee cayiman (gudaha) | Dulqaadka dhexroorka, inji d | Dulqaad-ka-baxsan ee gudaha | ||||
| Dhuumaha marka laga reebo dhamaadka a | Dhamaadka tuubada a,b,c | Dhuumaha marka laga reebo Dhamaadka a | Dhamaadka tubada a,b,c | |||
| Dhuumaha SMLS | Dhuumaha alxanka leh | Dhuumaha SMLS | Dhuumaha alxanka leh | |||
| < 2.375 | -0.031 ilaa +0.016 | - 0.031 ilaa + 0.016 | 0.048 | 0.036 | ||
| ≥2.375 ilaa 6.625 | 0.020D ee | 0.015D ee | ||||
| +/- 0.0075D | - 0.016 ilaa + 0.063 | D/t≤75 | D/t≤75 | |||
| Sida lagu heshiiyey | Sida lagu heshiiyey | |||||
| > 6.625 ilaa 24.000 | +/- 0.0075D | +/- 0.0075D, laakiin ugu badnaan 0.125 | +/- 0.005D, laakiin ugu badnaan 0.063 | 0.020D | 0.015D | |
| > 24 ilaa 56 | +/- 0.01D | +/- 0.005D laakiin ugu badnaan 0.160 | +/- 0.079 | +/- 0.063 | 0.015D laakiin ugu badnaan 0.060 | 0.01D laakiin ugu badnaan 0.500 |
| Waayo | Waayo | |||||
| D/t≤75 | D/t≤75 | |||||
| Heshiis | Heshiis | |||||
| waayo | waayo | |||||
| D/t≤75 | D/t≤75 | |||||
| >56 | Sidii lagu heshiiyey | |||||
| a. Dhamaadka tuubada waxaa ku jira dhererka 4 ee la cunay mid kasta oo ka mid ah cidhifyada tuubada | ||||||
| b. Tuubbada SMLS dulqaadashadu waxay dalbanaysaa t≤0.984in iyo dulqaadka tuubada dhumucda leh waxay noqon doontaa sidii lagu heshiiyey. | ||||||
| c. Tuubooyinka la balaariyay ee leh D≥8.625in iyo tuubada aan ballaarin, dulqaadka dhexroorka iyo dulqaadka ka baxsan-wareegga waxaa lagu go'aamin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo dhexroorka la xisaabiyay ama lagu cabiray dhexroorka gudaha halkii OD la cayimay. | ||||||
| d. Si loo go'aamiyo u hoggaansanaanta dulqaadka dhexroorka, dhexroorka tuubada waxaa lagu qeexaa sida wareegga tuubada ee diyaarad kasta oo wareeg ah oo ay u qaybiso Pi. | ||||||
| Dhumucda gidaarka | Dulqaadka a |
| t inji | inches |
| Dhuumaha SMLS b | |
| ≤ 0.157 | -1.2 |
| > 0.157 ilaa <0.948 | + 0.150t / - 0.125t |
| ≥ 0.984 | + 0.146 ama + 0.1t, hadba kan weyn |
| - 0.120 ama - 0.1t, hadba kan weyn | |
| Dhuumaha alxanka leh c,d | |
| ≤ 0.197 | +/- 0.020 |
| 0.197 ilaa <0.591 | +/- 0.1t |
| ≥ 0.591 | +/- 0.060 |
| a. Haddii amarka iibsigu caddeeyo dulqaadka laga jaray dhumucda gidaarka oo ka yar qiimaha lagu dabaqi karo shaxdan, dulqaadka lagu daray dhumucda gidaarka waa in lagu kordhiyaa qadar ku filan si loo ilaaliyo xadka dulqaadka lagu dabaqi karo. | |
| b. Tuubooyinka leh D≥ 14.000 gudaha iyo t≥0.984in, dulqaadka dhumucda gidaarka gudaha waxa laga yaabaa inay ka badan tahay dulqaadka dhumucda gidaarka 0.05t dheeraad ah waase in dulqaadka lagu daray cufka aan la dhaafin. | |
| c. Dulqaadka dheeriga ah ee dhumucda gidaarada ma khusayso aagga alxanka | |
| d. Ka eeg faahfaahinta API5L oo dhan | |
Dulqaad
Shuruudaha Imtixaanka
Baaritaanka Hydrostatic
Dhuumaha si ay ugu adkeystaan baarista hydrostatic iyada oo aan laga daadan tolleynta alxanka ama jirka tuubada. Isku-xirayaashu uma baahna in la tijaabiyo biyo-staatig ah haddii qaybaha tuubooyinka la isticmaalo si guul leh loo tijaabiyey.
Tijaabada laablaab
Wax dildilaac ahi waa inuu ka dhacaa qayb ka mid ah qaybta tijaabada, alxankana ma dhici doono.
Tijaabada fidsan
Shuruudaha oggolaanshaha ee tijaabada sabbaynta waa inay ahaadaan:
- Tuubooyinka EW D<12.750 gudaha:
- X60 oo leh T500in. Waa in aan la furin alxanka ka hor inta masaafada u dhaxaysa taarikada ay ka yarayn 66% dhexroorka dibadda ee asalka ah. Dhammaan darajooyinka iyo darbiga, 50%.
- Tuubbada leh D/t> 10, waa in aan la furin alxanka ka hor inta masaafada u dhaxaysa taarikada aysan ka yarayn 30% dhexroorka dibadda ee asalka ah.
- Cabbirrada kale tixraac qeexida API 5L oo buuxa.
Tijaabada saamaynta CVN ee PSL2
Cabbirrada tuubooyinka PSL2 iyo darajooyin badan ayaa u baahan CVN. Dhuumaha aan xumaanta lahayn waa in lagu tijaabiyaa jirka. Dhuumaha alxanka leh waa in lagu tijaabiyaa jirka, alxanka tuubada iyo aagga uu kuleylku saameeyay. Tixraac qeexitaanka API 5L oo buuxa ee jaantuska cabbirrada iyo darajooyinka iyo qiimayaasha tamarta la nuugo ee loo baahan yahay.
