China bir kaarboon ah oo aan kala go' lahayn iyo tuubooyinka farsamaysan ee daawaha ah ee soo saaraha iyo alaab-qeybiyaha

Birta kaarboonka iyo tuubooyinka farsamaysan ee daawaha ah ee aan cillad lahayn

Birta kaarboonka iyo tuubooyinka farsamaysan ee daawaha ah ee aan fiicnayn ee muuqaalka leh

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Tuubooyinka birta ah ee aan kala go'a lahayn, dhuunta birta kaarboon iyo tuubooyinka farsamaysan ee daawaha, inta badan makaanikada gudahaASTM A519-2006Heerka caadiga ah, tuubooyinka farsamada alwaaxinta inta badan waxaa ku jira

1018,1026,8620,4130,4140 iwm.

Lacag bixinta30% deebaaji, 70% L/C ama nuqul B/L ama 100% L/C marka la eego

Tirada Dalbashada Min.1 PC

Awood-siinta:Sannadkii 20000 Tan ee Tubta Birta

Waqtiga Hogaaminta:7-14 maalmood haddii kaydka, 30-45 maalmood si loo soo saaro

Baakad:Baabi'inta Madow, gogosha iyo daboolka tuubo kasta; OD ka hooseeya 219mm waxay u baahan tahay in lagu xidho xidhmo, xidhmo kastana kama badna 2 tan.

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Faahfaahinta Alaabta

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Dulmar

Heerka:ASTM A519-2006	Alloy Mise: Aloy ama Carbon
Kooxda Fasalka: 1018,1026,8620,4130,4140	Codsiga: tuubada makaanikada
Dhumucda: 1 - 100 mm	Daaweynta Dusha sare: Sida looga baahan yahay macmiilka
Dhexroorka (wareega): 10 - 1000 mm	Farsamada: Kulul duuban ama Qabow duuban
Dhererka: Dhererka go'an ama dhererka random	Daawaynta kulaylka: Annealing/Caadi-dhigid/Daraynta Cadaadiska
Qaabka Qaybta: Wareeg	Dhuumaha Gaarka ah: Dhuumaha gidaarka ee dhumucsan
Meesha Asal ahaan: Shiinaha	Isticmaalka: makaanik
Shahaadada: ISO9001:2008	Imtixaan: ECT/UT

Codsiga

Waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa makaanikada waxaana loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo dhululubada gaaska.oo ay ku jiraan kaarboon iyo birta daawaha ee tubada makaanik aan xuduud lahayn, waxayna dabooshaa labadaba tuubo makaanik ah oo kulul oo dhameystiran iyo tuubo farsamaysan oo qabow-dhammaystiran oo cabbirkeedu dhan yahay oo ay ku jiraan 12 3⁄4 in. (323.8 mm) dhexroorka ka baxsan ee tuubooyinka wareegsan ee leh dhumucyada derbiga sida loogu baahan yahay.

Fasalka ugu weyn

1018,1026,8620,4130,4140

Qayb Kiimiko ah

SHAXDA 1 Shuruudaha Kiimikada ee Biraha Kaarboon-yar

Darajo	Xadka Isku-dhafka Kiimikada, %
Magacaabidda	KaarboonA	ManganeseB	Fosfooraska, B	Sulfur,B
			max	max
MT X 1015	0.10-0.20	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
MT 1010	0.05-0.15	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
MT 1015	0.10-0.20	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
MT 1020	0.15–0.25	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
MT X 1020	0.15–0.25	0.70-1.00	0.04	0.05

SHAXDA 2 Shuruudaha Kiimikada ee Biraha Kaarboonka kale^BXaddid ayaa khuseeya falanqaynta kulaylka; marka laga reebo sida loogu baahan yahay 6.1, falanqaynta alaabadu waxay ku xiran tahay dulqaadka dheeriga ah ee lagu dabaqi karo ee lagu bixiyay shaxda 5.

Darajo		Xadka Isku-dhafka Kiimikada, %A
Magacaabidda
Magacaabidda	Kaarboon	Manganese	Fosfooraska,	Baaruud,
			max	max
1008	0.10 max	0.30-0.50	0.04	0.05
1010	0.08-0.13	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
1012	0.10-0.15	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
1015	0.13–0.18	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
1016	0.13–0.18	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1017	0.15-0.20	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
1018	0.15-0.20	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1019	0.15-0.20	0.70-1.00	0.04	0.05
1020	0.18–0.23	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
1021	0.18–0.23	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1022	0.18–0.23	0.70-1.00	0.04	0.05
1025	0.22–0.28	0.30-0.60	0.04	0.05
1026	0.22–0.28	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1030	0.28-0.34	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1035	0.32–0.38	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1040	0.37-0.44	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1045	0.43-0.50	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1050	0.48-0.55	0.60-0.90	0.04	0.05
1518	0.15–0.21	1.10-1.40	0.04	0.05
1524	0.19-0.25	1.35–1.65	0.04	0.05
1541	0.36–0.44	1.35–1.65	0.04	0.05

A Xadka iyo xadka lagu sheegay shaxdan waxay khuseeyaan falanqaynta kulaylka; marka laga reebo sida loo baahan yahay6.1, Falanqaynta alaabadu waxay ku xiran tahay awoowayaasha dulqaadka dheeraadka ah ee lagu bixiyo shaxda Nambarka 5.

SHAXDA 3 Shuruudaha Kiimikada ee Biraha Daawaha ah
FIIRO GAAR AH	1—Safafka iyo xadka shaxdan ayaa lagu dabaqayaa birta aan ka badnayn 200 in.2 (1290 cm2) ee aagga isweydaarsiga.
FIIRO GAAR AH	2-Tiro yar oo walxo gaar ah ayaa ku jira birta alwaaxyada ah ee aan la cayimin ama loo baahnayn. Qodobadan waxa loo tixgaliyaa sidii shil
waxaana laga yaabaa inay la joogaan inta ugu badan ee soo socota: naxaas, 0.35 %; nikkel, 0.25%; chromium, 0.20%; molybdenum, 0.10%.
FIIRO GAAR AH	3-Safafka iyo xadka lagu sheegay shaxdan waxay khuseeyaan falanqaynta kulaylka; marka laga reebo sida looga baahan yahay 6.1, falanqeynta alaabadu waxay ku xiran tahay kuwa lagu dabaqi karo
dulqaad dheeraad ah oo lagu bixiyay shaxda Number 5.

Darajo^A^,^B				Xadka Isku-dhafka Kiimikada, %
Designa-
Designa-	Kaarboon	Manganese	Fosfo-	Baaruud,^C^,^D	Silikoon	Nikkel	Chromium	Molybde-
tion								Molybde-
tion			ruus,^Cmax	max				nambar
								nambar
1330	0.28-0.33	1.60-1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	...
1335	0.33-0.38	1.60-1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	...
1340	0.38–0.43	1.60-1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	...
1345	0.43–0.48	1.60-1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	...
3140	0.38–0.43	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.10-1.40	0.55-0.75	...
E3310	0.08-0.13	0.45-0.60	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	3.25–3.75	1.40-1.75	...
4012	0.09-0.14	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.15–0.25
4023	0.20-0.25	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4024	0.20-0.25	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.035-0.050	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4027	0.25-0.30	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4028	0.25-0.30	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.035-0.050	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4037	0.35-0.40	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4042	0.40-0.45	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4047	0.45-0.50	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4063	0.60-0.67	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.20-0.30
4118	0.18–0.23	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.40-0.60	0.08-0.15
4130	0.28-0.33	0.40-0.60	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4135	0.32–0.39	0.65-0.95	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4137	0.35-0.40	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4140	0.38–0.43	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4142	0.40-0.45	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4145	0.43–0.48	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4147	0.45-0.50	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4150	0.48–0.53	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15–0.25
4320	0.17–0.22	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	0.40-0.60	0.20-0.30
4337	0.35-0.40	0.60-0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	0.70-0.90	0.20-0.30
E4337	0.35-0.40	0.65–0.85	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	0.70-0.90	0.20-0.30
4340	0.38–0.43	0.60-0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	0.70-0.90	0.20-0.30
E4340	0.38–0.43	0.65–0.85	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	0.70-0.90	0.20-0.30
4422	0.20-0.25	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.35-0.45
4427	0.24–0.29	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.35-0.45
4520	0.18–0.23	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	...	0.45-0.60
4615	0.13–0.18	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	...	0.20-0.30
4617	0.15-0.20	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	...	0.20-0.30
4620	0.17–0.22	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	...	0.20-0.30
4621	0.18–0.23	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	1.65-2.00	...	0.20-0.30
4718	0.16–0.21	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.90-1.20	0.35-0.55	0.30-0.40
4720	0.17–0.22	0.50-0.70	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.90-1.20	0.35-0.55	0.15–0.25
4815	0.13–0.18	0.40-0.60	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	3.25–3.75	...	0.20-0.30
4817	0.15-0.20	0.40-0.60	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	3.25–3.75	...	0.20-0.30
4820	0.18–0.23	0.50-0.70	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	3.25–3.75	...	0.20-0.30
5015	0.12–0.17	0.30-0.50	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.30-0.50	...
5046	0.43-0.50	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.20-0.35	...
5115	0.13–0.18	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
5120	0.17–0.22	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
5130	0.28-0.33	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	...
5132	0.30-0.35	0.60-0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.75-1.00	...
5135	0.33-0.38	0.60-0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.05	...
5140	0.38–0.43	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
5145	0.43–0.48	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
5147	0.46–0.51	0.70-0.95	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.85–1.15	...
5150	0.48–0.53	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
5155	0.51–0.59	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
5160	0.56–0.64	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
52100^E	0.93–1.05	0.25-0.45	0.025	0.015	0.15-0.35	0.25 max	1.35-1.60	0.10 max
E50100	0.98–1.10	0.25-0.45	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	...	0.40-0.60	...
E51100	0.98–1.10	0.25-0.45	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	...	0.90–1.15	...
E52100	0.98–1.10	0.25-0.45	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	...	1.30-1.60	...
								Vanadium

6118	0.16–0.21	0.50-0.70	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.50-0.70	0.10-0.15
6120	0.17–0.22	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	0.10 daqiiqo
6150	0.48–0.53	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.80-1.10	0.15 daqiiqo

						Aluminium		Molybdenum

E7140	0.38–0.43	0.50-0.70	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.40	0.95-1.30	1.40-1.80	0.30-0.40

						Nikkel

8115	0.13–0.18	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.20-0.40	0.30-0.50	0.08-0.15
8615	0.13–0.18	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8617	0.15-0.20	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8620	0.18–0.23	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8622	0.20-0.25	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8625	0.23–0.28	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8627	0.25-0.30	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8630	0.28-0.33	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8637	0.35-0.40	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8640	0.38–0.43	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8642	0.40-0.45	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8645	0.43–0.48	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8650	0.48–0.53	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8655	0.51–0.59	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8660	0.55-0.65	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
8720	0.18–0.23	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.20-0.30
8735	0.33-0.38	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.20-0.30
8740	0.38–0.43	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.20-0.30
8742	0.40-0.45	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.20-0.30
8822	0.20-0.25	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.30-0.40
9255	0.51–0.59	0.60-0.80	0.04	0.04	1.80-2.20	...	0.60-0.80	...
9260	0.56–0.64	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	1.80-2.20	...	...	...
9262	0.55-0.65	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	1.80-2.20	...	0.25-0.40	...
E9310	0.08-0.13	0.45–0.65	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	3.00-3.50	1.00-1.40	0.08-0.15
9840	0.38–0.42	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.85–1.15	0.70-0.90	0.20-0.30
9850	0.48–0.53	0.70-0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.85–1.15	0.70-0.90	0.20-0.30
50B40	0.38–0.42	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.40-0.60	...
50B44	0.43–0.48	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.40-0.60	...
50B46	0.43-0.50	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.20-0.35	...
50B50	0.48–0.53	0.74-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.40-0.60	...
50B60	0.55-0.65	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.40-0.60	...
51B60	0.56–0.64	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	...	0.70-0.90	...
81B45	0.43–0.48	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.20-0.40	0.35-0.55	0.08-0.15
86B45	0.43–0.48	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.40-0.70	0.40-0.60	0.15–0.25
94B15	0.13–0.18	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.60	0.30-0.50	0.08-0.15
94B17	0.15-0.20	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.60	0.30-0.50	0.08-0.15
94B30	0.28-0.33	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.60	0.30-0.50	0.08-0.15
94B40	0.38–0.43	0.75-1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.60	0.30-0.50	0.08-0.15

^BDarajooyinka lagu muujiyey shaxdan xarafka B, sida 50B40, waxa la filan karaa inay yeeshaan 0.0005% ugu yaraan kantaroolka boron.^ADarajooyinka lagu muujiyey shaxdan oo leh xarafka horgalaha E guud ahaan waxaa soo saaray habka aasaasiga ah-korontada-foornada. Dhammaan kuwa kale sida caadiga ah waxaa soo saaray habka aasaasiga ah ee wadnaha-furan laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu soo saaro habka aasaasiga ah-korontada-foornada iyadoo la hagaajinayo fosfooraska iyo baaruudka.

^CXaddidaadaha sulfur fosfooraska ee geedi socod kasta waa sida soo socota:

Foornada korontada ee aasaasiga ah 0.025 max % Acid foornada korantada 0.050 max %

Dhagax furan oo asaasi ah 0.040 max % Acid fur furan 0.050 max %

^DInta ugu yar iyo ugu badnaan waxa ku jira baaruuddu waxay tilmaamaysaa biraha la soo saaray.

^EIibsaduhu waxa uu cayimi karaa xadiga ugu badan ee soo socda: copper, 0.30 %; aluminium, 0.050%; iyo Ogsajiinta, 0.0015 %.

Hantida Makaanikada

Guryaha Jilicsan ee Caadiga ah, Adag iyo Xaalada kulaylka ee qaar ka mid ah Fasalada Caadiga ah ee Biraha Kaarboon iyo Alloy

CW— Qabow Shaqeeyay SR—Stress La Relief A—Annealed N—NormalizedA Kuwan soo socda ayaa ah qeexitaannada calaamada ee xaaladaha kala duwan: HR—Hot Rolle

Darajo	Condi-	Ugu dambayn		Wax-soo-saarka		Dheeraynta	Rockwell,
Nashqad-	tion^A	Xoog,		Xoog,		in 2 in. ama	Adag
qaran						50 mm, %	Miisaanka B
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa	50 mm, %	Miisaanka B
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa

1020	HR	50	345	32	221	25	55
	CW	70	483	60	414	5	75
	SR	65	448	50	345	10	72
	A	48	331	28	193	30	50
	N	55	379	34	234	22	60
1025	HR	55	379	35	241	25	60
	CW	75	517	65	448	5	80
	SR	70	483	55	379	8	75
	A	53	365	30	207	25	57
	N	55	379	36	248	22	60
1035	HR	65	448	40	276	20	72
	CW	85	586	75	517	5	88
	SR	75	517	65	448	8	80
	A	60	414	33	228	25	67
	N	65	448	40	276	20	72
1045	HR	75	517	45	310	15	80
	CW	90	621	80	552	5	90
	SR	80	552	70	483	8	85
	A	65	448	35	241	20	72
	N	75	517	48	331	15	80
1050	HR	80	552	50	345	10	85
	SR	82	565	70	483	6	86
	A	68	469	38	262	18	74
	N	78	538	50	345	12	82
1118	HR	50	345	35	241	25	55
	CW	75	517	60	414	5	80
	SR	70	483	55	379	8	75
	A	50	345	30	207	25	55
	N	55	379	35	241	20	60
1137	HR	70	483	40	276	20	75
	CW	80	552	65	448	5	85
	SR	75	517	60	414	8	80
	A	65	448	35	241	22	72
	N	70	483	43	296	15	75
4130	HR	90	621	70	483	20	89
	SR	105	724	85	586	10	95
	A	75	517	55	379	30	81
	N	90	621	60	414	20	89
4140	HR	120	855	90	621	15	100
	SR	120	855	100	689	10	100
	A	80	552	60	414	25	85
	N	120	855	90	621	20	100

Dulqaad

Dulqaadyada Dhexroorka Dibadeed ee Tuubooyinka Kulul ee Wareega ah^A^,^B^,^C

Ka baxsan Baaxadda Cabirka Dhexroorka,	Dulqaadka Dhexroorka Dibadda, gudaha. (mm)
gudaha (mm)	Dhamaaday	Hoosta
Ilaa 2.999 (76.17)	0.020 (0.51)	0.020 (0.51)
3.000-4.499 (76.20-114.27)	0.025 (0.64)	0.025 (0.64)
4.500-5.999 (114.30-152.37)	0.031 (0.79)	0.031 (0.79)
6.000-7.499 (152.40-190.47)	0.037 (0.94)	0.037 (0.94)
7.500-8.999 (190.50-228.57)	0.045 (1.14)	0.045 (1.14)
9.000-10.750 (228.60-273.05)	0.050 (1.27)	0.050 (1.27)

Dulqaadyada dhexroorku maaha kuwo lagu dabaqi karo xaaladaha caadiga ah iyo kuwa xanaaqsan ama la demiyo iyo kuwa xanaaqsan.

B Tirada guud ee cabbirada tuubooyinka kulul ee la dhammeeyay waa 1¹⁄2 inji (38.1 mm) ilaa 10³⁄4 inji

C Cabiro ka weyn ayaa la heli karaa; kala tasho saaraha cabbirka iyo dulqaadka.

Dulqaadyada Dhumucda Darbiga ee Kulaylka Wareega ee Dhammaaday

Tuubooyinka

Dhumucda darbiga	Dulqaadka Dhumucda gidaarka,^ABoqolkiiba Dhamaaday
Qiyaasta sida boqolkiiba		iyo Magaca Magacaaban
Ka baxsan
Ka baxsan	Banaanka	Banaanka	Banaanka
Dhexroorka	Banaanka	Banaanka	Banaanka
Dhexroorka	Dhexroorka	Dhexroorka	Dhexroorka
	Dhexroorka	Dhexroorka	Dhexroorka
	2.999 inji	3,000 in	6,000 in.
	(76.19 mm)	(76.20 mm)	(152.40 mm)
	iyo ka yar	wuxuu ahaa 5.999 .	ilaa 10.750
		(152.37 mm)	(273.05 mm)

15 ka yar	12.5	10.0	10.0
15 iyo ka badan	10.0	7.5	10.0

U dulqaadashada dhumucda gidaarka waxaa laga yaabaa in aan lagu dabaqi karin darbiyada 0.199 in. (5.05 mm) iyo ka yar; kala tasho soo saaraha si aad u hesho dulqaadka gidaarka ee cabbirka tuubada.

cabbir aad u muhiim ah, ka dibna tuubooyinka qabow-ku-shaqeeya waa in lagu qeexaa dhexroorka iyo dhumucda gidaarka ama dhexroorka dibadda iyo dhexroorka gudaha.

Tuubooyinka Makaanikada ee Rogan—Ka duwanaanshaha dhexroorka dibadda iyo dhumucda derbiga waa in aanu dhaafin dulqaadka ku yaal shaxda. Shaxda waxa ay dabooshaa dulqaadka sida lagu dabaqay dhexroorka ka baxsan iyo dhumucda gidaarka waxayna khuseysaa cabbirka la cayimay.

Tuubooyinka Makaanikada Dhulka - Kala duwanaanshaha diam-eter ka baxsan waa inuusan dhaafin dulqaadka Shaxda. Alaabtan waxaa sida caadiga ah laga soo saaraa tuubo qabow ka shaqeysa.

Dhererka—Tubooyinka makaanikada waxaa caadi ahaan lagu diyaariyey dhererka shiidka, 5 ft (1.5 m) iyo ka badan. Dhererka goynta qeexan ayaa la diyaariyey marka uu cayimo iibsadaha. Dulqaadyada dhererka ayaa lagu muujiyay shaxda.

Toosanaan-U-dulqaadashada tooska ah ee tubada wareega ee aan sinnayn waa in aanay ka badnaan cadadka shaxda.

Shuruudaha Imtixaanka

1.Tijaabada Adag
Marka loo baahdo xaddidaadda adagaanta, soo-saareha waa in lala tashado. Adayga caadiga ah waxay ku taxan yihiin shaxda

2. Tijaabooyinka Kacsanaanta
Marka loo baahan yahay guryaha xajinta, soo saaraha waa in lala tashadaa. Guryaha jilcan ee caadiga ah ee qaar ka mid ah darajooyinka caadiga ah iyo xaaladaha kulaylka ayaa ku taxan shaxda.

3. Tijaabooyin aan burbursanayn
Noocyo kala duwan oo ah tijaabooyinka ultrasonic ama electromagnetic ee aan burbursanayn ayaa diyaar ah. Imtixaanka la isticmaalayo iyo xadka kormeerka waa in lagu dejiyaa heshiiska soo saaraha iyo iibsadaha.

4.Tijaabada Daboolida
Marka ay jiraan shuruudo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay nadaafadda birta, hababka tijaabada iyo xaddidaadda aqbalaadda waa in lagu dejiyaa heshiiska soo saaraha iyo iibsadaha.