Feme e theko e tlaase China ASTM A335 P12 Alloy Steel Pipe/Tube
Maikemisetso a rona a mantlha e tla ba ho fa bareki ba rona kamano e tebileng le e nang le boikarabello ba khoebo e nyane, ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea botho ho bona kaofela bakeng saA, phala ea tšepe e se nang seamless. A335 P12 phala ea tšepe e se nang seam, Khamphani ea rona e fana ka mefuta e felletseng ho tloha pele ho thekiso ho isa ho ts'ebeletso ea morao-rao ea thekiso, ho tloha ho nts'etsopele ea sehlahisoa ho ea ho tlhahlobo ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso, e ipapisitse le matla a matla a tekheniki, ts'ebetso e phahameng ea sehlahisoa, litheko tse ntle le ts'ebeletso e phethahetseng, re tla tsoelapele ho nts'etsapele, ho fana ka litharollo le lits'ebeletso tsa boleng bo holimo, le ho khothaletsa tšebelisano e tšoarellang le bareki ba rona, nts'etsopele e tšoanang le ho theha bokamoso bo betere.
Kakaretso
Kopo
E sebelisoa haholo ho etsa phala ea boleng bo holimo ea tšepe ea alloy, phala e fapanyetsanoang mocheso, phala e matla ea mouoane bakeng sa indasteri ea peterole le ea lik'hemik'hale.
Kereiti e ka Sehloohong
Mophato oa phala ea boleng bo holimo ea alloy: P1, P2, P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92 joalo-joalo.
Bakeng sa pipe ea alloy A335, 'maraka o moholo ke India. Bakeng sa Mmaraka oa India hangata o hloka IBR. kajeno e tla bontša IBR bakeng sa tšupiso.
Melao ea Indian Boiler Regulations (INDIA BOILER REGULATIONS, eo hamorao e tla bitsoa IBR) e hlakisa ka ho hlaka hore li-boilers, likepe tsa khatello, liphaephe, li-valve, lisebelisoa tse tala (lipoleiti, mekoallo, li-castings, forgings) tse romelloang India li tlameha ho hlahlojoa ke CBB. setsi se dumelletsweng ho hlahloba. Bahlahlobi ba lumelletsoeng ba etsa tlhahlobo ea moralo le tlhahlobo ea tsamaiso ea tlhahiso ho latela IBR, 'me ba etsa tlhahlobo ea ho kenya le ho ngolisa setšeng pele ba kena 'marakeng oa India. Ka nako e ts'oanang, bahlahisi ba hloka ho fana ka liforomo tse fapaneng tsa IBR joalo ka tlhahiso, ho kenya le ho fana ka setifikeiti sa thepa ho latela litlhoko tsa IBR. Tumello e ka romelloa feela ka mor'a hore e saennoe ke lefapha le lumelletsoeng la tlhahlobo.
Indian Boiler Code e bolela ka ho hlaka hore liboiler le likepe tsa khatello tse entsoeng linaheng tse ling ntle le India li hloka ho hlahlojoa le ho fuoa setifikeiti sa IBR, 'me mekhatlo ea tlhahlobo ea motho oa boraro e tlameha ho fuoa tumello ke CBB. Ka hona, ho fetisa setifikeiti sa IBR ke "passport" ea hore k'hamphani e kene 'marakeng oa India.
Hona joale, merero ea lik'hamphani tsa boenjiniere ba malapeng India haholo-holo ke limela tsa motlakase tse ikemetseng tsa limela tsa aluminium tsa electrolytic, 'me lik'hamphani tsa lichelete le tsona lia kenella. Lihlahisoa tse amanang le likepe tsa khatello ke haholo-holo: merero ea matla a mocheso, konteraka e akaretsang ea EPC bakeng sa lik'hamphani tsa boenjiniere; ho romela ka ho toba li-boilers, li-turbine tsa mouoane, setsi sa motlakase se thusang, joalo-joalo; likepe tse ling tsa khatello tse sebelisoang liindastering tsa petrochemical; li-valve, lisebelisoa tsa liphaephe le likarolo tse ling; lipeipi tsa tšepe, lipoleiti tsa tšepe le lisebelisoa tse ling tse tala.
Ka thuso ea boiphihlelo bo bongata ba setifikeiti sa indasteri, Teko ea Yunquan e ka fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa tlhahlobo tse amanang le IBR, koetliso e tloaelehileng, koetliso ea basebetsi, lipuisano le tlhahlobo ea botekgeniki, setifikeiti sa welder se amanang le IBR le lits'ebeletso tsa tumello ea ts'ebetso, le ho fana ka tumellano e amanang le eona le setsi sa tlhahlobo se lumelletsoeng sa CBB. Setifikeiti, mohlala, setifikeiti sa FORM, setifikeiti sa welder sa IBR, joalo-joalo.
Karolo ea Lik'hemik'hale
Kereiti | UN | C≤ | Mn | P≤ | S≤ | Si≤ | Cr | Mo |
Sequiv. | ||||||||
P1 | K11522 | 0.10~0.20 | 0.30~0,80 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.10~0,50 | - | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P2 | K11547 | 0.10~0.20 | 0.30~0,61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.10~0.30 | 0.50~0,81 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P5 | K41545 | 0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 4.00~6.00 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P5b | K51545 | 0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.00~2.00 | 4.00~6.00 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P5c | K41245 | 0.12 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 4.00~6.00 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P9 | S50400 | 0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ~ 1.00 | 8.00~10.00 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P11 | K11597 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0,61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ~ 1.00 | 1.00 ~ 1.50 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P12 | K11562 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 0.80~1.25 | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P15 | K11578 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.15 ~ 1.65 | - | 0.44 ~ 0,65 |
P21 | K31545 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 2.65~3.35 | 0.80 ~ 1,60 |
P22 | K21590 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 1.90~2,60 | 0.87~1.13 |
P91 | K91560 | 0.08~0.12 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.20~0,50 | 8.00~9.50 | 0.85~1.05 |
P92 | K92460 | 0.07~0.13 | 0.30~0,60 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.5 | 8.50~9.50 | 0.30~0,60 |
Lebitso le lecha le thehiloeng ho latela Practice E 527 le SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS). B Grade P 5c e tla ba le titanium content e seng ka tlase ho makhetlo a 4 ho feta khabone le ho feta 0.70%; kapa dikahare tsa columbium tsa 8 ho isa ho 10 makhetlo a khabone.
Thepa ea Mechini
Thepa ea mechine | P1,P2 | P12 | P23 | P91 | P92,P11 | P122 |
Matla a tšepe | 380 | 415 | 510 | 585 | 620 | 620 |
Ho hlahisa matla | 205 | 220 | 400 | 415 | 440 | 400 |
Kalafo ea Mocheso
Kereiti | Mofuta oa Phekolo ea Mocheso | Boemo bo Tloaelehileng ba Thempereichara F [C] | Subcritical Annealing kapa Tempering |
P5, P9, P11, le P22 | Boemo ba Mocheso F [C] | ||
A335 P5 (b,c) | Anneal e felletseng kapa ea Isothermal | ||
Tloaeleha le ho halefa | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
Subcritical Anneal (P5c feela) | ***** | 1325 - 1375 [715 - 745] | |
A335 P9 | Anneal e felletseng kapa ea Isothermal | ||
Tloaeleha le ho halefa | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
A335 P11 | Anneal e felletseng kapa ea Isothermal | ||
Tloaeleha le ho halefa | ***** | 1200 [650] | |
A335 P22 | Anneal e felletseng kapa ea Isothermal | ||
Tloaeleha le ho halefa | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
A335 P91 | Tloaeleha le ho halefa | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
Tlosa le ho halefa | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
Tlhokahalo ea Teko
Ntle le ho netefatsa sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea mochini, liteko tsa hydrostatic li etsoa ka bonngoe, Tlhahlobo e sa Senyeheng, Tlhahlobo ea Sehlahisoa, Sebopeho sa Metal le Liteko tsa Etching, Teko ea ho batalla joalo-joalo.
Matla a Phepelo
Matla a Phepelo: Lithane tse 2000 ka Khoeli Ka Kreiti ka 'ngoe ea ASTM A335 Alloy Steel Pipe
Sephutheloana
Ka Mengata Le ka Lebokoseng le Matla la Lehong
Phano
Matsatsi a 7-14 haeba a le setokong, matsatsi a 30-45 ho hlahisa
Tefo
30% depsoit, 70% L/C kapa B/L kopi kapa 100% L/C ha u bona